The Future Perfect Continuous Tense.

(Майбутній доконаний тривалий час)

+	I (we) shall	have	been	V4 (writing)
He (she, it, you, they) will

-	I (we) shall	not	have	been	V4 (writing)
He (she, it, you, they) will

+	shall (I, we)	have	been	V4 (writing)?
Will (he,she, it, you, they)

The Future Perfect Continuous Tense вживається:

для вираження майбутньої дії, яка, почавшись в майбутньому, буде тривати протягом деякого періоду часу до настання іншої, більш пізньої майбутньої дії або моменту:

- Before the new machine will be stopped tomorrow morning, it will have been working for three hours.

До того, як нова машина буде зупинена завтра вранці, вона буде працювати три години.

- You will have been studying English for five years by the next spring.

Навесні наступного року виповниться п'ять років, як ви вивчаєте англійську мову.

- Before they come, we will have been cleaning the house for 5 hours.

 

Ex. 2. Розкрийте дужки вживаючи Future Perfect Continuous, перекладіть речення:

1. By the end of next week we...............(save) money for two months

2. I...............(study) English for ten years by the end of next month.

3. How long.................(work) here?

4. They.................(live/not) in my house for 10 years by next Monday, only nine.

5......................(paint/John) my fence in two weeks?

6. Her mother...................(work) at hospital for two months in March.

7. Her mother.................(work) at hospital next month.

8. During the ball I............(dance) only with you.

9. We can't visit you in September,I...................(still/work).

10..................(you/play) in five hours? I want to use it.

11. He................. (to study) in London for two years when I come here.

12. He................. (to teach) German for two years when I begin to teach English.

13. By next July she................. (to live) here for five years.

14. 4. At six o’clock I................. (to work) for five hours.

15. I................. (to work) at the library for 8 hours when you come there.

16. They already (rehearse) for an hour when we come.

17. 1................. (work) in this company for 10 years next April.

18. By next year he................. (writing) the novel for three years.

19. The thieves are sure that they................. (drive) for 6 hours when the police discover the robbery in the morning.

20. They................. (study) for 3 hours when you come.

 

Ex. 3. Оберіть правильну відповідь:

1. I................. living here for two months in May

a. will have b. will live c. will have been

2. He............... writing the task by then.

a. will not have been b. will have not been c. willn't have been

3. In September I will have been learning English..............

a. since five years b. for five years c. five years

4...............you come home, I will have been writing the task for two hours.

a.by b. when c. by the time

5. I will have been............ with her by the time you come.

a.talk b. talking c. talks

6. She................. for only four hours when we come back home.

a. will have been sleeping b.will been sleeping c. will have sleeping

7. She......................... for two hours by the time she................

a. will have been driving/will arrive b. will have been driving/arrive c. will have been driving/arrives

8...................... I will have been studying English for three hours.

a. Tomorrow b. tomorrow at this time c. Tomorrow this time

9...............................French at my school for six years when I retire?

A.will she have been teaching b. she will have been teaching c. will she teach

10. We.................................watching TV when you...................for help.

a. will have not been/call b. will not have been/call c. will not have been/will call

 

Ex. 4. Розкрийте дужки, вживаючи дієслова в Future Perfect Continuous.

a. They ____________________ the house. (to clean)

They will have been cleaning the house

b. _____ you ____________________ to call? (to try)

Will you have been trying to call?

c. He ____ not ____________________the paper. (to read)

He will not have been reading the paper.

 

1. She ____________________ to help us. (to offer)

2. ______ it not ____________________ by then? (to snow)

3. We _____ not ____________________ to leave. (to plan)

4. ______ they ____________________for rain? (to hope)

5. I ____________________ my friends. (to visit)

6. He ______ not ____________________ the pictures. (to develop)

7. _____ we not____________________ them often? (to see)

8. They ____________________ for twenty-four hours. (to wait)

9. _____ he not ____________________ down? (to lie)

10. They _____ not ____________________ here long. (to live)

11. You ____________________ a speech. (to give)

12. It ____________________ for two days. (to snow)

13. We ____________________ our breath. (to hold)

14. She ____________________ with them. (to argue)

15. He ____________________ what happened. (to wonder)

 

 

Домашнє завдання:

Ex. 1. Вивчити новий граматичний матеріал.

Ex.5. Розкрийте дужки використовуючи Future Perfect Continuous:

 

1.She (to study) in London for two years when I come here. 2. He (to teach) German for two years when I begin to teach English. 3. By next July she (to live) here for five years. 4. At six o’clock I (to work) for five hours. 5. I (to work) at the library for 8 hours when you come there.

 

Ex. 6. Розкрийте дужки, вживаючи дієслова в Future Perfect або Future Perfect Continuous.

1. By the time we get to Chicago this evening, we (drive) more than four hundred miles. We are going to be exhausted.

2. When Sarah goes on vacation next month, she (study) German for over two years. She should be able to communicate fairly well while she is in Austria.

3. I have not traveled much yet; however, I (visit) the Grand Canyon and San Francisco by the time I leave the United States.

4. By the time you finish studying the verb tense tutorial, you (master) all twelve tenses including their passive forms.

5. Drive faster! If you don't hurry up, she (have) the baby by the time we get to the hospital.

 

 

Питання для самоконтролю:

1. Як утворюється Future Perfect Continuous Tense?

3. Яку дію виражає Future Perfect Continuous Tense?

 

 

Unit 9 Ціноутворення. Pricing. Закріплення попередніх знань.

 

Ex. 1. Прочитайте та запам’ятайте наступні слова та вирази:

1. Credit terms - Кредитні умови
2. Trade-in allowance - Сума грошей, яку віддали за стару річ і включили в рахунок нової покупки
3. To cover costs - Покривати затрати
4. To pursue unsound price policies - Вести нерозумну цінову політику
5. Supply and demand - Пропозиція та попит
6. Price competition - Конкуренція в ціноутворенні
7. To set prices - Встановлювати ціни
8. Location - Місце розташування
9. To charge the prices - Призначати ціни
10. Price emphasis - Продаж товару за рахунок низької ціни
11. Extra services - Додаткові послуги
12. Loss – leader item - Товар, що продається по дуже низькій ціні, для приваблювання покупця
13. Off – even pricing - Ціна, яка не доходить до круглої цифри, що стимулює бажання споживача купити
14. High quality expensive item - Високоякісний дорогий товар
15. Price de - emphasis - Спроба продажу товару не за рахунок низької ціни, а за рахунок інших факторів

 

Ex.2. Прочитайте та перекладіть текст:

Pricing

All products and services have prices. The price depends on different things such as credit terms, delivery, Trade-in allowance, guarantees, quality and other forms of service, which price can produce the biggest profit during a long period of time. It’s hardly possible to determine such a price. The price may be too high to produce a large volume or too low to cover costs. No other area of marketing operations has been a subject to bad practice. Many businesses pursue unsound price policies for long periods of time and are not aware about it. Prices can be determined in different ways. For example, the prices on meat, cotton and other agricultural products can be decided in a large central market where forces of supply and demand exist. This is pure price competition. The prices of industrial products (iron, steel, etc.) are usually decided by large companies. Prices can be also be set by the government, usually for different public services – railroads, electricity, gas, bus services and others.

If demand increases, prices rise, profits expand and new investment is attracted.

 

Ex.3. Дайте відповіді на питання:

1. Why is it difficult to determine the right price?
2. In what way are agricultural prices decided?
3. How industrial products are usually priced?
4. What do you think about prices in the supermarkets and in the markets?

 

Ex.4. Перекладіть наступні речення англійською мовою:

1. Цей магазин надає покупцю вигідні кредитні умови.

2. Товар має дуже низьку ціну.

3. Перед тим, як випускати товар, треба вивчити пропозицію та попит.

4. Держава встановлює ціни на ряд продуктів.

5. Магазин має чудове місце розташування.

6. Супермаркет надає покупцю багато додаткових послуг.

7. Ця фірма веде нерозумну цінову політику.

8. Починайте з низької ціни.

9. Я впевнений, що наша нова марка буде приваблювати споживачів.

10. Я вирішив купити нову машину в цій компанії, тому що вона пропонує найкращу ціну на цю модель.

11. Ми встановили ділові відносини з англійською фірмою.

12. Конкуренти пропонують ціни, які на 30 % нижчі за наші.

 

Домашнє завдання:

Ex. 1. Вивчіть новий лексичний матеріал