F. Ferrero products now found at: AIdi

Italian confectioner Ferrero signed a deal with the world's biggest discount supermarket chain to supply the chain with its chocolate products. Seven of Ferrero's brands will now be sold in Aldi stores in Germany. Previously Aldi chose to use a hard discount strategy where it refused to stock branded goods in favor of its own private lines. Ferrero becomes the first outside company to have its goods in Aldi stores.

Task 7 Consider these questions:

1. What advantages and disadvantages do you see with the introduction of more automated plants?

2. Can you agree on areas where you think it is a good idea to use them?

3. What will industrial workers then do?

4. Is it the end of work, as we understand it? And the beginning of The Leisure Society?

5. What do you think about training people to work in such plants?

6. Who decides what should be made? What is your opinion of this?

7. What are the advantages of manufacturing processes where only one person is needed?

8. What prospects do you see for the spreading of such operations and processes in our country?

Task 8 Read the article below and choose the best word to fill each gap.

Operations: Explaining how things work.

Describing how things (go / function / become) in a non-technical fashion is frequently required in business. You may have to (work / write / explain) how to operate a machine like a computer or an automatic ticket machine, or how to use a gadget. Also you'll need to understand (manual / guidelines / explanations) of how to get machines or gadgets to work.

It's important to be able to (adjust / use / show) your language in order to take into account the people you're talking to, whether they are your customers, clients or colleagues. People who use modern (techniques / machines / things) aren't all

experts who understand the technical processes and terms. To be user-friendly you'll need to employ simple instructions in language which isn't too (easy / complex / technical). After all, you'll often be dealing with non-experts, and they may not know the difficult words, so you'll have to explain them.

Task 9 Choose the best phrase from the given below to fill each of the gaps:

on a day-to-day basis; for example; quite likely; in a simplified way; in addition; increasingly; in the course of; the use of machines.

Describing commercial and manufacturing processes

You may have to describe commercial processes and tell others how things are done. Business operations are becoming increasingly more complex, and some parts of business deals may involve explaining specific arrangements or processes

1. _____.

Perhaps you'll have to describe how a manufacturing process is organized, or you may have to explain the details of services which are offered and how they're arranged. You'll need to explain when certain things happen and in what order.

2. _____, in some business settings, when things don't go according to plan you may be required to refer to and clarify problems that arise 3. _____ a production process or commercial operation.

'Technological' processes may be involved. These frequently take place on production lines, in factories or in workshops, where raw materials are transformed into finished products. In many countries 4. _____ has long been associated with manufacturing goods. 5. _____, such processes are being partly and even fully automated. Robots may be used to

replace people in dangerous and unhealthy or boring and repetitive tasks. But people are always required in manufacturing, in maintaining the robots, 6. _____ So it's practically impossible to deal with technical processes without considering the role that people involved in the business operations play. So, given the rate of change in industry and commerce, it's 7. _____ that business people may be expected to refer to fairly complex manufacturing processes and operations, even if they aren't involved in them 8. _____.

Task 10 Read the article and choose the best beginning phrase from the given below to fill each of the gaps.

A. Along those lines;

B. Chocolate has been;

C. Although other trends;

D. These findings from trend research;

E. Zurich-based Barry Callebaut.

1. _____ in the news more than ever over the past several weeks, with a constant stream of new studies and products touting the recently discovered health benefits of the traditional confectionery ingredient. These headlines have led many leading chocolate and

cocoa companies to shift to the dark side. Not that dark side–the dark side of chocolate.

2. _____ continue to emerge in the category, including chocolate fountain products and new flavor combinations, high-cocoa content dark chocolate products prove to be the most popular with customers.

3. _____ has released several products recently, but finds that current consumer trends basically fit into three categories: health and well being, taste experience/indulgence and convenience.

4. "_____ and consumer observation serve as a guide in the pursuit of innovation throughout our company. We are offering our industrial customers more products that combine great taste with good nutrition", says vice president of corporate communications

Gaby Tschofen. "Those consumers who are looking for great taste can try chocolate rich in cocoa and at the same time benefit from the high concentration of healthy, natural polyphenols".

5. _____, the company's most popular products with customers are dark chocolates with high cocoa contents and single-origin chocolates. Callebaut's newest products, however, fit more into the organic and new flavor categories, with the company's release of a

honey milk chocolate and "a lot of developments currently going on for organic chocolates and Fair Trade chocolates," according to Tschofen.

Task 11 Read the article below and write one word to fill the gap.

ADM Cocoa, producer of the Merkens, Ambrosia and De Zaan brands, also recognizes customers' attraction 1. _____ the dark side with two new dark chocolate products released under the Merkens brand. The company introduced new versions of its Yucatan

and Beaujolais products, Yucatan Seventy and Beaujolais Seventy, which 2. _____ 70 % cocoa-content dark chocolate. "Consumers continue to be aware 3. _____ the growing evidence that chocolate can be a 'good for you' product," says vice president of confectionery sales and marketing Bill Ryan. "It seems when they want chocolate, they prefer high-end offerings".

The company also recently introduced Merkens Falls Milk Chocolate and Dark Chocolate–products designed 4. _____ use, without any additions, in chocolate fountains.

To help their effort to join the dark side, the Peter's Chocolate brands, owned 5. _____ Cargill, now include new semisweet and bittersweet products among their ranks. New Bennigton Semisweet Chocolate is a rich, dark chocolate that's good for one-shot

moulding. The company's new high-cocoa content product is their Cambra Bittersweet Chocolate, which contains 72 % cocoa solids.

"Cambra Bittersweet Chocolate was introduced to meet the 6. _____ of confectioners who are interested 7. _____ creating confections with a higher cocoa content," says Cargill marketing associate Courtney LeDrew. "Dark chocolate is gaining in popularity

in part 8. _____ the recent headlines touting its potential health benefits and Cambra Bittersweet Chocolate gives confectioners an opportunity to meet this demand."

New products from Wilbur Chocolate (also Cargill-owned), on 9. _____ other hand, focus more on the growing popularity of chocolate fountains and new flavor combinations. Tambora Milk Chocolate and Bandelier Semisweet Chocolate, in wafer form, are

low in viscosity, making them ideal 10. _____ use in chocolate fountains.

E x e r c i s e Fi v e. Read the article below and put the verb into the appropriate tense form.

"The popularity of chocolate fountains at weddings and parties 1. (grow) with the widespread availability of affordable chocolate fountains", LeDrew comments. "Wilbur's Chocolate Fountain Chocolate 2. (meet) the demand of confectioners and caterers

for high quality, great tasting chocolate that is crafted to function in fountains".

Wilbur's other new product, Hot Coats Confectionery Coatings, 3. (feature) spicy flavors (ginger, jalapeno and chili) to capitalize on the growing popularity of unique chocolate flavor combinations.

"Chocolatiers 4. (begin) to experiment with flavors that historically 5. (not pair) with chocolate. They can be ethnic, they can be exotic, or they can be surprising", says LeDrew.

Despite many companies' increased focus on dark chocolates and new flavors, LeDrew 6. (be) quick to point out that milk chocolate remains popular saying that it is "still North America's favorite and sales of the highest-quality milk remain robust".

To satisfy customers who continue to look for new ways to use this old favorite, Peter's Chocolate also 7. (introduce) a second new semisweet chocolate and a new milk chocolate product. Lenoir Semisweet Chocolate features a robust vanilla flavor with fudgy and fruity notes while Maridel Milk Chocolate is a well-balanced milk chocolate flavored with natural vanilla.

While it's clear that chocolate and cocoa producers 8. (not totally shift) over to the dark side, consumers have pushed dark chocolate–with its associated health benefits–out of the shadows and onto center stage.