And act it out. Use the expressions of gratitude given below.

Спасибо! Thank you.

Спасибо, да. Yes, please.

Спасибо, нет. No, thank you.

Спасибо вам за...

Большое спасибо!

Спасибо, что навестили нас.

Спасибо за то, что не забываете нас.

Даже не знаю, как вас благодарить.

Я вам очень признателен.

Позвольте выразить вам нашу

благодарность.

Мы вам так благодарны!

Thank you for...

Thank you so/very much.

Thanks a lot.

Thank you for coming to see us.

Thanks for the visit.

Thank you for remembering us.

Thank you for keeping in touch.

I don’t know how to thank you.

Thank you. Much obliged.

I would like to express our gratitude.

We are so grateful to you

Task 6 Think of and write a larger play on private business talks. Use the

expressions of this lesson and previous ones.

Task 7. Act as the Chairman at a press conference on the problems of studies and work abroad.

 

UNIT 10

WHY DO WE LWARN FOREIGN LANDUADES?

ENGLISH TODAY

Task 1. Прочитайте следующие слова с долгим [i:] и кратким [I].

 

[i:]	[i]
seed	pin
read	thin
easy	think
field	give
leaves	live
speak	English
meat	India
wheat	lift

 

Task 2. Прочитайте следующие пары слов. Обратите внимание на смыслоразличительную функцию долготы звука в словах.

 

sheep (овца) ship (корабль)

seat (место) sit (сидеть)

lead (вести) lid (веко)

deed (дело) did (Past Indefinite от глагола to do)

these (эти) this (этот)

ease (покой) is [Iz] (Present Indefinite от глагола to be)

Task 3 Прочитайте следующие слова.

[d] [t]

deep mental

abroad consist

broaden tourism

divided land irrigate

reduce quality

include sweet

dairy potatoes

world cotton

Task 4. Прочитайте и выучите географические названия и слова:

the United Kingdom Соединенное Королевство (Великобритании и Северной Ирландии)

Canada Канада

the Irish Republic Ирландская Республика

the Republic of South Africa Южно-Африканская

Australia Австралия республика

New Zealand Новая Зеландия

distance расстояние reason причина

especially в особенности billion миллиард

population население

official language государственный язык

government правительство politics политика

diplomacy дипломатия science наука

technology техника trade торговля

fax [faeks] факс scientific научный

educated образованный, культурный

process процесс patience терпение

it's a must это просто необходимо; без этого нельзя

throughout the world no всему миру

nursery school детский сад

 

Task 5 Прочитайте и перевдите тескт:

The modern world is becoming smaller all the time. Every day distances between different countries seem less. For this reason it's becoming more and more important to know different languages, especially English.

One billion people speak English today. That's about 20% of the world's population.

400 million people speak English as their first language. For the other 600 million people it's either a second language or a foreign language.

English is the first language in the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Australia and New Zealand. It is one of the official languages in Canada, the Irish Republic and the Republic of South Africa.

As a second language English is spoken in more than 60 countries. It is used by the government, businessmen and universities.

English is the language of politics and diplomacy, science and technology, business and trade, sport and pop music.

80% of all information in the world's computers is in English.

75% of the world's letters and faxes are in English.

60% of all international telephone calls are made in English.

More than 60% of all scientific journals are written in English.

To know English today is absolutely necessary for every educated person, for every good specialist. Learning a language is not an easy thing. It's a long and slow process that takes a lot of time and patience. But it's a must.

English is taught throughout the world and a lot of people speak it quite well. In our country English is very popular: it is studied at schools (sometimes even at nursery schools), colleges and universities.

Everyone will speak English soon — I'm sure of it. We all need to

understand each other. To do that we need an international language, and that's English.

Task 6. Ответьте на вопросы:

1. Why is it necessary to know English today?

2. English is a world language, isn't it?

3. How many people speak English?

4. In what countries is English the official language (one of the official languages)?

5. Is English popular in Russia?

6. Is learning languages an easy thing?

7. When did you begin learning English?

8. How long have you been learning English?

9. Have you read any books in English?

10. Have you seen any films in English?

11. Have you ever visited an English-speaking country?

12. What other languages would you like to know?

 

Task 7.Прочитайте и переведите:

at least - по крайней мере We need at least two days to finish our work.

way of thinking - образ мышления My way of thinking differs from yours very much.

mental abilities - умственные способности to develop one's mental abilities

to appreciate - оценить (высоко, по достоинству) I appreciate your help.

to broaden one's outlook - расширить чей-либо кругозор

Travelling broadens people's outlook.

value - ценность, значение cultural values, moral values

job promotion - продвижение по службе He will get a job promotion very soon.

to improve - улучшать to improve one's English

quality - качество

fine (good, high) quality, low (poor) quality

to reduce - уменьшать to reduce food prices

to obtain - получать to obtain very good results

to require - требовать The house requires rebuilding.

task – задача to cope with a task, a difficult task

major - главный, основной major part, major problem

area – область He is a specialist in the area of economics.

entertainment - развлечение There is not much entertainment in this town.

world community - мировое сообщество Ecological problems are the concern (забота) of the whole world com­munity.

purpose - цель on purpose - нарочно on purpose to. - с целью. to fulfill one's purpose

urgent - актуальный an urgent problem

 

Task 8. Переведите словосочетания на русский язык.

At least ten people, a strange way of thinking, high mental abilities, to appreciate deeply (greatly, very much), to broaden one's outlook by read­ing, to be of no value, to get a job promotion, to improve the quality of products, to obtain no results, to require good quality, an easy task, major industry, in the area of biology, to everyone's entertainment, the problems of the world community, to do something on purpose, to be in urgent need of something.

Task 9 Прочитайте текст и ответьте на следующие вопросы:

Why is the knowledge of a foreign language important for an edu­cated person?

How can a foreign language help people in their work?

What do we call people who know several languages?

How can the knowledge of a foreign language help people who go abroad?

Why is it a good idea to study English as a foreign language?

Studying Foreign Languages

Today it is quite evident that everyone should know at least one foreign language. Knowing one or more foreign languages makes it possible to get to know different ways of thinking, to understand a new culture. Learning a foreign language stimulates mental abilities and gives you a chance to ap­preciate a new literature, a different culture and to broaden your outlook.

Besides, knowing foreign languages has a practical value. It makes it easier to choose a profession and helps to get a job promotion. It helps to improve the quality of your work, because it reduces the time lost on ob­taining the necessary information. At present many professions require a working knowledge of at least one foreign language.

There are a lot of people who know several languages. They are called polyglots. The more languages a person knows, the easier he masters a new one. As polyglots say it is difficult to begin. But when you start learning a third language «everything goes on smoothly». It is within everyone's power to know, read and speak a foreign language. But one should re­gard learning a foreign language as a very important and serious task. The knowledge of other languages is very useful, especially if you have to work abroad or if you must read foreign literature in the original. If you know the language of a foreign country, you can talk to its people and understand what they are speaking about without anybody's help.

It's a good idea to study English as a foreign language. It is not only the national or official language of some thirty states, which represent differ­ent cultures, but it is also the major international language of communica­tion in such areas as science, technology, business and mass entertainment. English is one of the official languages of the United Nations Organization and other organizations. It is the language of literature, education, modern music, and international tourism.

Belarus is integrating into the world community and learning English for the purpose of communication is especially urgent today.

Task 10 Ознакомьтесь с данной ниже информацией и продолжите список.

You'd be surprised how many people very often need English to do their jobs properly.

Long-distance lorry drivers travelling between Berlin and London.

Pilots, captains of ships and sailors (English is the international lan­guage of air and sea travel).

People who want to do business in English-speaking countries.

People who organize sports meetings.

People who translate songs or books from English into Russian.

Travel agents who organize tours to Britain, America or other Eng­lish-speaking countries.

Referees at international football matches.

Task11 Ознакомьтесь с некоторыми интересными статистическими дан­ными относительно английского и некоторых других широко распро­страненных языков.

English Today

English is a first language in 12 countries.

The number of speakers is 350 million.

• People use English as a second language in 33 countries.

The number of speakers is 400 million.

• People study English as a foreign language in 56 countries.

• The 10 most frequent words in English are: the, of, and, a, to, in, is, you, that, it.

• The 10 most studied foreign languages are English, French, Spanish, Italian, Russian, Arabic, German, Chinese, Japanese and Turkish.

Task 12 Заполните пропуски словами first, second или foreign.

In India English is a... language.

In Brazil English is a... language.

In New Zealand English is a... language.

In France English is a... language.

In Belarus English is a... language.

Task 13 Изучите материал по словообразованию и выполните приветденные ниже упражнения:

Суффиксы -er, -or образуют существительные от глаголов и обоз­начают действующее лицо или механизм, выполняющий действие.

to teach (обучать) - teacher (учитель)

to direct (руководить) - director (руководитель)

- Образуйте от данных глаголов существительные с помощью суффикса -er и переведите их на русский язык.

To work, to farm, to plant, to grow, to lead, to write, to read, to speak, to sleep, to drive, to fight, to mine, to report, to sing, to skate, to swim, to teach, to travel, to found, to compose.

- Образуйте от данных глаголов существительные с помощью суффикса -or и переведите их на русский язык.

To act, to visit, to direct, to invent, to generate, to indicate, to translate, to refrigerate, to collect, to select, to instruct, to dictate, to conduct.

- Ответьте на следующие вопросы.

1. Are you a smoker?

2. Are you a good dancer?

3. Are you a heavy sleeper?

4. Who is an early riser in your family?

5. Is your friend a great talker?

 

 

UNIT 11

ENGLISH IN OUR LIFE

 

People began to speak many centuries ago, and since then they have been speaking different languages. Every language reflects the soul, behaviour and temperament of each nationality. Peoples created their own alphabets and rules, but they always wanted to communicate with each other, to understand and to know more about each other. Languages help people to understand each other better, they help them to solve different economic and political problems, which stands before them, and so people learn foreign languages

All languages are different. Some are very hard, some are easier, some are similar, but there are no identical languages in the whole world. There are more than 2,700 languages in the world. Many of them are "alive" because people use them, but there are some "dead" languages, for example Latin.
Two thousands years ago, Latin was the world's most important international language. Today this title belongs to English. It's a global language of travel, business, pop culture, sport and science.
Over one billion people speak English. That's almost one fifth of the world's population. For over 400 million it's their first language. For the other 600 million it's either a second language or a foreign language.
Today, in fact, over 250 million people are learning English. That's more than the population of the USA

The average person in Britain has a vocabulary of between 10,000 and 15,000 words. In his plays William Shakespeare used a vocabulary of about 30,000 words. Shakespeare was born over 400 years ago. At that time, only six or seven million people spoke English.
Now English is spoken practically all over the world, it has become the world's most important language in politics, science, trade and cultural relations. It is spoken as a mother tongue in Great Britain, the United States of America, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Besides, a lot of people speak English in Japan, India, China, Africa and many other countries. English is one of the official languages of the United Nation Organisation. Half of the world's scientific literature is in English. It is the language of computer technology

To my mind English is worth studying. There is a proverb: "A new language is a new world". "Knowledge is a power", one great man said. Speaking a foreign language one can not only read the papers, magazines and original books by outstanding writers, but as well watch satellite programmes, travel easily to different parts of the world. Besides, understanding and speaking a foreign language became necessary while applying for a good and well-paid job.
Now I know that it is a must for XXI century professional no matter what job to choose. The world is getting smaller and international connections tighter. A lot of foreign delegations keep coming to our country, hundreds of joint ventures have appeared in every city of our country recently. So without doubt you can't do without learning this beautiful language

Vocabulary
to reflect — отражать soul — душа
behaviour — образ действий, манеры, поведение
to create — создавать similar(to) — подобный, похожий, сходный
average — нормальный, обыкновенный, обычный, средний
a mother tongue— родной язык

worth — достойный, заслуживающий satellite— спутниковый
to apply for — обращаться с просьбой, заявлением (особ, в письменной форме); for — за чем-л.
well-paid job — хорошо оплачиваемая работа
joint venture — совместное предприятие
do without — обходиться без

Task 1 Ответьте на вопросы:

1. What was the world's most important international language two thousands years ago?
2. How many people speak English as their first language, a second language or a foreign language?
3. How many languages are there in the world?
4. How large is the vocabulary of the average British person?
5. Where is English spoken?
6. Why do you learn English?

Task 2 Согласны вы или не согласны со следующими утсверждениями? Почему?

Do you agree or disagree? Why?

· English is the best way to escape from everyday life!

· Learning English will make you not so lonely!

· Think of English in your career!

· Communication is a universal means of practising your English.

· Creative personality can’t be done without English peculiarity.

· Creation in English is the mighty source of education.

· Study English not to be alone!

· Study English, the language of the Universe!

· I have chosen the language that will help me change the world. What about you?

· The world chooses topic. However, you choose the language.

· You are free in your choice.
Your choice is your freedom.
My freedom is English, a foreign language!
English was, English is, English will always be!

· The modern world is becoming smaller all the time. Every day distances between different countries seem less. For this reason it’s becoming more and more important to know different languages, especially English.

Task 3 Подберите определения из правого столбика к выражениям из левого:

Match the following idioms with their meanings.

1. to talk the same language	a. Correct English. It may be spoken in any accent, provided it is clear and intelligible.
2. broken English	b. To learn a language by listening to native speakers without taking lessons and studying the grammar rules and vocabulary.
3. pidgin English	c. Humour that is logical and intellectual, wit rather than humour.
4. it's all Greek to me	d. To share a common background with the person one is speaking to, to share the same problems and difficulties.
5. Gallic humour	e. Badly spoken English, containing many mistakes in grammar and pronunciation.
6. to pick up a language	f. A corrupt, simplified form of English used by many people in Papua New Guinea and the Far East for trading.
7. Queen's English	g. I can’t understand a word of it, it’s like listening to a foreign language.

 

Task 4 Вы получили письмо от англоговорящего друга Джека. Напишите ему ответ. В совеем письме…:

- answer his questions

- ask 3 questions about the rights and responsibilities of members of the School Government.

- Write 100-140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.

 

This year we started learning French. I think it’s fun. I can already use some simple phrases. I like the melody of the language, but it’s quite difficult to pronounce some sounds. Is English the only foreign language that pupils learn in Russia or can you choose other foreign languages? Is it fun to learn a foreign language for you? How do you plan to use it in the future?

… By the way, I was elected to our School Government and hope to get the position of the Minister of Sports…

 

UNIT 12

THE WORLD OF PROFESSIONS.