Запомните значения данных слов.

 

engineer 1. инженер, механик. 2. сооружать, проектировать

engineering 1. инженерное искусство, техника. 2. машиностроение

new machines for packaging engineered by our laboratory; to be a good engineer one must know the principles of engineering; engineering all over the world has considerably developed due to the application of steam and mechanical power

 

closure 1. закрытие (средство для укупоривания и закатывания) 2. перегородка 3. закрывание, заделывание

enclosure 1. вложение, приложение 2. огороженное место, ограда, ограждение

 

enclosure of the product in the package; different types of closures; the process of bottle closure was automated; the closure in the device was metal; the garden enclosure was rather high

the former…, the latter… -первый из упомянутых…, второй (последний) из перечисленных… (употребляется только в письменной речи)

2. Переведите данные словосочетания на русский язык.

 

marketing and distributing products to customers and consumers; to serve marketing purpose; to incorporate products into a broad range of packages; to design products for a specific market segment; a barrier against the environment; to act as communication in the marketing function; to retain form and colour in the desired attractiveness; both product and package must be appealing; to make a purchasing decision; to result in a considerable increase; to affect the progress of packaging industry; to estimate the benefits of packaging

 

3. Прочитайте и переведите текст.

 

PACKAGING OPERATIONS

Packaging is a means for marketing and distributing products to customers and consumers. The process of bringing product and package together is usually the last step of the manufacturing operation. To do this successfully depends first on recognizing that the result must serve the marketing purpose.

Movement of solid and liquid products by pumps, conveyors, or other motive forces have been well-studied and engineered.

The objective of the packaging operation is to bring together the product and its packaging material and create a finished packaged product in quantities demanded at the appropriate time.

Simple enclosure of the product in the package is no longer acceptable, since the package usually serves functions other than protection. Although acting as a barrier against the environment is still a primary function. Retention of form and colour in the desired attractiveness must be also of great importance. Both product and package must be appealing – the former to the consumer in use, the latter to the consumer when making the purchasing decision. With the overwhelming majority of products, the consumer decision is based on the information and image (образ) conveyed by the package. There are three fundamental types of packages:

1) integral (as part of product manufacture: product and package must coexist) – for canned foods or carbonated beverages;

2) formed on the product (the packaging material does not exist in form until it envelopes the product) – pouches for beverage mixes;

3) preformed packages (the package is formed at one site and the product is inserted) – ready-to-eat cereal cartons.

Historically, the package making and package filling and closing operations were manual. Boxes, barrels, bags, bottles and even tin cans were hand fabricated. Products were measured out and filled manually. Mechanization and automation have resulted in considerable increase of productivity in this field. The development of new packaging materials and their combination in parallel with the development of closures for packages (caps, plugs, seals, and ties) have greatly affected the progress of packaging industry.

The benefits of packaging in the preservation, distribution, handling, and marketing of food and nonfood products are immense and can not be overestimated.

 

 

ASSIGNMENTS

1. Используя текст, назовите английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний.

 

процесс приведения в единое целое продукта и упаковки; широкое разнообразие упаковок; цель операции упаковки; упаковочный материал; конечный упакованный продукт; привлекательная упаковка; основные виды упаковок: неотъемлемая (от продукта), формованная на продукте и заранее формованная; средства закрывания упаковки; тароупаковочное производство; выгоды процесса упаковывания

 

2. Укажите номера синонимичных пар.

 

1. customer 2. engineer (v) 3. incorporation 4. identical 5. bring together 6. appropriate 7. protection 8. retain 9. purchase 10. appealing 11. manually 12.package/pack

1. wrap up 2. attractive 3. buy 4. by hand 5. defence (by a covering) 6. equivalent 7. keep 8. enclosure 9. connect 10. consumer 11. proper 12. construct

 

3. Используя текст, закончите данные предложения.

 

1. Packaging is a means for …. 2. The last step of the manufacturing operation is the process of …. 3. The objective of the packaging operation is …. 4. One of primary functions of packages is not only to act as a barrier against the environment but also as …. 5. Both product and package must be …. 6. Historically, the package making and package filling and closing operations …. 7. Mechanization and automation have resulted in …. 8. The development of new packaging materials in parallel with the development of closures for packages have greatly affected….

 

4. Переведите данные предложения на английский язык.

 

1. Процесс упаковки в области консервации, распределения (продвижения), транспортировки (перемещения) и сбыта очень важен в пищевом производстве и его роль трудно переоценить. 2. Процесс соединения продукта и упаковки в единое целое является неотъемлемой операцией тароупаковочного производства. 3. Цель упаковки – создать конечный упакованный продукт в размерах, имеющих спрос на рынке в соответствующее время. 4. Первостепенная задача производителей – сделать как продукт, так и упаковку привлекательными. 5. Решение потребителя основано на информации и образе, передаваемых непосредственной упаковкой. 6. Существуют три вида упаковки: неотъемлемая от продукта, формованная на продукте и заранее сформованная. 7. Прежде производство упаковок и их наполнение и закрывание выполнялись вручную. 8. В настоящее время разработка новых упаковочных материалов и средств закрывания упаковок сильно повлияла на развитие тароупаковочного производства.

 

5. Ответьте на вопросы:

 

1. What does the process of packaging consist in? 2. What is the objective of packaging operation? 3. What are primary functions of the packaging process? 4. What are fundamental types of packages? 5. What affects the progress of packaging industry?

 

6. Перечислите по-английски:

а) виды упаковки;

б) виды средств закрывания тары;

в) последовательность операций последнего этапа производства пище-

вых продуктов.

 

7. Выскажите свое мнение о роли тароупаковочного производства (на английском языке).

 

Text B₃ “ THE ASEPTIC FILLING OF BEVERAGE IN BOTTLES ”

 

1. Прочитайте текст и разделите его на логические части.

2. Составьте план текста на английском языке.