Integral part – неотъемлемая часть

undergraduate – студент последнего курса

Postgraduate – аспирант, аспирантский

Challenge – запрос, опрос, сигнал

To stem – возникать, происходить

2. Read and translate the text below:

Text 1 A

Civil Engineering

Civil engineering is the oldest and one of the most highly respected of all the engineering disciplines. It is a traditional industry, by its nature. From the very beginning man has been a builder and his creative ability and skilful craftsmanship are what the modern civil engineering industry is founded on. Today these traditional skills are coupled with the entire modern technology and thinking available to enable civil engineers to carry out their work to the highest of standards.

The traditional background of the industry presents, however, some problems. First of all, it is often perceived as old fashioned and reluctant to fully come to terms with the business world today. But it is obvious that new ideas cannot be implemented until they have been tried, proved and tested. So, if new management techniques are not considered and adopted, there would be a loss in competitive advantage, a vital factor in a highly competitive industry.

That is why it is necessary to ascertain the importance and relevance of management training in the construction industry. People have been managing companies ever since companies came into existence. It is necessary to manage a company effectively and efficiently as well as to produce high quality goods. It is especially important nowadays when construction work is limited and construction companies have to cut margins. Therefore, the effective management of an organization has become an art form in itself.

Civil engineering is a business and its survival is in making a profit. And it is the success of the “team” that is important. The team could be made up of engineers, quantity surveyors, estimators, planners, QA managers; personnel and computer specialists; all form an integral and equally important part of the business. Engineers may not grow into managers, but they must be trained for this role.

But it is a recognized fact that construction managers do not come into being by themselves. The training of graduate engineers in the construction industry at present consists of the undergraduate training within tertiary education, and postgraduate training within the industry itself. Although the number of hours devoted to teaching managements is increasing at educational establishments, graduates are still not adequately prepared for industry. Further training within the industry is varied and dependent on many factors such as the needs of the company, size of the company, and current health of the industry.

Management and management training within the construction industry is varied and is dependent on the sector, consulting or contracting, within which an engineer operates. It is necessary to take into consideration the attitudes of civil engineers and their companies towards modern management practices.

Construction managers are moving rapidly to meet the challengers of a modern business world and are making full use of the tools available. Consultants are a little behind in their attitudes to modern management but are improving; they have not yet realized the full potential of management training.

The alteration of construction industry attitude towards management practice would appear to stem from the business market within which a company is going to operate.

Notes on the text:

to fully come to terms with – полностью соответствовать

have to cut margins – приходится снижать стоимость

TEXT EXERCISES

3. Give the Russian equivalents to the following word-groups. Memorize these word-groups:

Highly respected, creative ability, skilful craftsmanship, to ascertain the importance, to cut margins, quantity surveyors, estimators, to take into consideration, to meet the challengers of a modern business world

4. Fill in the necessary word:

1. Civil engineering is the oldest and one of the most highly ___ of all the engineering disciplines.

2. Today these traditional skills are coupled with the entire modern technology and thinking available to enable civil engineers to carry out their work to the highest of ___.

3. So, if new ___ techniques are not considered and adopted, there would be a loss in competitive advantage, a vital factor in a highly competitive industry.

4. People have been managing companies ever since companies came into ___.

5. It is necessary to ___ a company effectively and efficiently as well as to produce high quality goods.

6. Civil engineering is a ___ and its survival is in making a profit.

7. Engineers may not grow into ___, but they must be trained for this role.

8. Management and management training within the construction industry is varied and is ___ on the sector, consulting or contracting, within which an engineer operates.

9. It is necessary to take into ___ the attitudes of civil engineers and their companies towards modern management practices.

10. Construction managers are moving rapidly to meet the ___ of a modern business world and are making full use of the tools available.

5. Say whether the following sentences are true or false. Correct the wrong statements: