Word order in compound and complex sentences – Порядок слів у складносурядних і складнопідрядних реченнях

Складносурядні речення Сompound Sentences
A compound sentence has two “subject + verb” pairs and two independent clauses connected by the conjunctions “and, but, or”.	Maria lives in Moscow, and her friend Elizabeth lives in New York. He wrote a letter to the manager, but the manager didn’t answer.
Складнопідрядні речення Complex Sentences
A complex sentence has one “subject + verb” pair in the main clause, and one “subject + verb” pair in the subordinate clause (dependent clause). The clauses are connected by subordinating conjunctions (e.g. that, after, when, since, because, if, though,etc.).	I told him thatI didn’t know anything about their plans. Betty has worked as a secretary since she moved to California.

 

Types of clauses – Типи підрядних речень

 

Підметове підрядне речення The subject clause	What you told me was interesting. Who brought the roses is a secret.
Присудкове підрядне речення The predicative clause	The problem is that he is rude. The question is where I can find the money.
Підрядне речення означення The attributive clause	The man who helped her is Dr. Lee. The bag that he bought cost $50. Here’s the book that you asked for.
Підрядне речення додатку The object clause	He told us that he had already bought a new car. I know where he lives. I asked if he could help me.
Підрядне речення обставини The adverbial clause	This cat sleeps wherever it wants. She left while he was sleeping. If he calls, tell him the truth. It was so cold that I stayed home. Though I was tired, I kept working.

 

Перевірте себе:

Завдання I. Допишіть складнопідрядне (the complex) речення використовуючи слова в дужках.

1. She is in great form because (every week / goes / she / to the gym)

2. I think (likes / Susan / you)

3. I can't talk to you because (time / do not have / I / now)

4. We are glad that (at home / did not leave / we / our umbrella)

5. I will miss him when (to Chicago / moves / he)

6. He was reading the paper while (she / in the garden / was working)

7. They don't know where (have left / the key / they)

8. Ring me if (have / you / a problem)

9. I'd like to know why (her holiday / does not spend / she / in France)

10. They told him that (wanted to play / they / tennis)

 

Завдання II. Перекладіть речення.

1. He came, he saw, he won. 2. Man has his will, but woman has her way. 3. Mr. Dursley hummed as he picked out his most boring tie for work, and Mrs. Dursley gossiped away happily. 4. He couldn't bear people who dressed in funny clothes — the getups you saw on young people! 5. Paul was in a very good mood until lunchtime, when he thought he'd stretch his legs and walk across the road to buy himself a bun from the bakery. 6. He laid the baby gently on the doorstep, took a letter out of his cloak, tucked it inside the blankets, and then walked away. 7. Mrs. Figg gave him a bit of chocolate cake that tasted as though she'd had it for several years. 8. Questions exploded inside Nikita's head like fireworks and he couldn't decide which to ask first. 9. We are pleased to inform you that you have been accepted to our school. 10. He realized his mouth was open and he closed it quickly.

Завдання III. Встановіть тип підрядного речення.

1. I realized that they had fallen in love. 2. If you are successful, people will forgive you practically everything. 3. Will you be still using the computer when I come back to the office after lunch? 4. If you've got the means of getting something done, use it. 5. This afternoon Martha was late for the lecture because she had had a sleepless night. 6. It was an absolutely freezing day when we arrived in Moscow. 7. Although she was extremely surprised she didn't show any sign of it. 8. Since he had lost the keys, he had to break down the door. 9. As he had no alarm clock, he overslept. 10. Once they had found somewhere to park, they were able to have dinner.

 

KEYS

Types of sentences – Типи речень

Завдання I.

1. interrogative
2. declarative
3. imperative
4. exclamatory
5. exclamatory
6. interrogative
7. declarative
8. imperative
9. interrogative
10. imperative

Завдання II.

1. compound

2. compound-complex

1. simple
2. compound
3. simple
4. complex
5. compound-complex
6. complex
7. simple
8. compound-complex

 

 

TНЕ MEMBERS OF THE SENTENCE – Члени речення

Завдання I.

1. Життя повне винагород

2. Ненсі моя близька подруга

3. Для неї було тяжко в це повірити

4.Все, що було перед нами, було новим і таємничим

5.Твій вибір був розумним

6.Я маю на увазі, що ми повинні піти на компроміс

7.Читання - спосіб вчитися.

8.Прийняти цю пропозицію значить радикально змінити своє життя

9.Тринадцять хитре число - в одних народів воно означає щастя, в інших - нещастя

10. Багаті та могутні керують цією країною

Завдання II.

1) noun

2)adjective

3)compound noun

4) adjective

5)adjective

6)numeral

7)noun

8)infinitive

9)participle II

10)personal pronoun in the objective case

11)gerund

Завдання III.

1) Gives lessons-direct object

2) A painting=direct object

3) For living room-prep.obj

4) The child-direct; him-ind; story,song-direct

5) Kids-ind. Presents-direct

6) Us-ind;collection-direct

7) Student-ind;a copy-dir

8) Message-dir;for the manager-prepositional

9) Me-ind;files-direct

10) Computer,printer-direct obj

11) Us-ind;you-ind;sights-dir

Завдання IV.

1.Перед Різдвом багато людей ходять купувати подарунки в останню мить.

2. Коли я відчуваю депресію, я роблю собі канікули, щоб збігти від усіх і прямую до мого старого будинку.

3. Ця п’єса стала подарунком року.

4.Ти завжди була заклопотаною матусею, навіть коли була маленька.

5.Санта –Барбара –місто на Каліфорнійській Рівєрі, яке варте відвідання.

6. Це легкий рецепт супу для спекотного дня.

7. Вона зробила винувате обличчя.

8. Максим був працівником офісу з 9 до 5.

9. Він поводився так, наче йому все одно.

10.Чудові новели Сью Таунсенд - це варті читання книги, які стали англійською класичною літературою.

 

Завдання V.

1. You can always get your car serviced here.

2. He would have never been able to do it.

3. I have been rarely told what to do.

4. The old woman hardly ever goes out on her own.

5. You will not often see men queuing up.

6. Normally I do not give interviews to the press.

7. People often have wondered what he does.

8. We liked to meet for a chat sometimes.

9. They have never done ice-skating before.

10. Usually I am too busy to go out in the evenings.

11. Denny would often lend money to strangers.

12. You must never answer me back.

Compound and complex sentences

Завдання I.

1. She is in great form because she goes to the gym every week.
2. I think Susan likes you.
3. I can't talk to you because I don’t have time now.
4. We are glad that we didn’t leave our umbrella at home.
5. I will miss him when he moves to Chicago.
6. He was reading the paper while she was working in the garden.
7. They don't know where they have left the key.
8. Ring me if you have a problem.
9. I'd like to know why she doesn’t spend her holidays in France.
10. They told him that they wanted to play tennis.

Завдання II.

1. Compound
2. Compound; but
3. Compound; and
4. Compound; -
5. Complex (adverbial clause); when
6. Complex (adverbial clause); and then
7. Complex (attributive clause); as though
8. Compound; and
9. Complex (object clause); that
10. Compound; and

Завдання III.

1) object clause

2) adverbial clause

3) subject clause

4) adverbial clause

5) object clause

6) attributive clause

7) adverbial clause

8) adverbial clause

9) object clause

10) adverbial clause

ДОДАТОК

v СЛОВОТВІР (WORD FORMATION)

Словотвір визначає способи утворення нових слів та словотворчі моделі.

Слова, які утворюються за допомогою додавання до основи префікса або суфікса, називаються похідними словами. Для утворення похідних слів від основи слова необхідно знати словотвірні префікси та суфікси англійської мови.

Ось основні словотвірні префікси, за допомогою яких можуть утворюватися нові частини мови - і менники, прикметники, дієслова, прислівники:

 

anti-: anticorrosive	im-: to immigrate	mis-: to misunderstand	re-: to renew
co-: co-author	in-: independent	non-: nonprogrammable	sub-: subsoil
counter-: to counteract	inter-: to interchange	over-: to overeat	un-: unable
dis-: to dislike	ir-: irregular	pre-: preface	under-: underground