IV. Complete the sentences, putting the verbs in brackets into the correct form.

a) “What are all those people doing with those lights and cameras?”

“They ______ (must/ make) a film.”

b) “I wonder how the thief got into our apartment.”

“He ______ (could/ use) the fire escape or he _____ (might/ climb up) that tree.”

c) “I saw Harry waving someone off in a taxi.”

“That_____(would/be) his cousin from Australia.”

d) “Bill told me that he'd spent £50,000 on a birthday present for his girlfriend, but

he_____ (may/ joke). He_____(can't/ spend) that much.”

“I think you _____ (must/ mishear) him.”

e) “It's five past eleven. Ken and Cathy's plane_____ (should/ touch down) in Kennedy Airport right now.” “Your watch ______ (must/ be) slow. It's nearly half past. Their plane_____ already _____ (will/ land).”

f) “Bring very warm clothes. It______ (could/ snow) when we arrive. It _____ (can/ snow) in the mountains even in summer.”

V. Choose the correct preposition: a) in; b) with; c) on; d) from.

1. She is ___a poor state of health.

2. The criminal was arrested ___suspicion of murder.

3. Mix the eggs ___ milk before you fry them.

4. Please, don't interfere ___ me.

5. ____ reflection he agreed with our plan.

6. It was mean of you to turn your back her when she needed help.

7. She is very shy and always keeps ____thebackground.

8. If you compare these results ____ last year, you'll see the improvement.

9. The trees protect the garden ____ the wind.

10. I'm afraid, he suffers ____ constant headaches.

VI. Filling in an application form.

1. Mark wants to study journalism at a British college. He has completed the application form for the course below. Some of the headings and questions from the form have been cut out. Can you put them back in the correct place?

West London College

Application form 2004/05

1. a. ___________________________________

1st choice 1 year Diploma in Journalism

2nd choice none

b. ___________________________________

Day ________ Part-time / Day_________ Evening_________

Information about you

c. _________________ Mr d. ______________ Male

Family name Brem Date of birth 24-8-82

Personal name Mark Age on 31/8/04 22

Address: 17 Birchwood Close, West Norwood, London

e. ______________ SE271TZ Telephone number 0181 650 7788

3. Have ever been resident outside the UK? Yes

f. _______________________________________________ 3-4-92

Is English your first language? No

What other languages do you speak? German (first language )French (beginner)

4. g. _______________________________________________

(give your last school and any further education)

Dates School/college

1992 - 1994 Kingsley School, London SE24

1994 - 1997 University of West London

h. _______________________________________________

Year Qualifications Subject Grade

June 1994 A-level English, Economics B and C

June 1997 BA Hons Degree Media Studies 2:1

5. i. _______________________________________________

Dates Types of work Employer

1993 - 1994 Part-time waiter Westlands Hotel

1994 – 1996 Part-time waiter Enzo’s fish restaurant

August 1997 Telephone sales Computing magazine

6. j. _______________________________________________

I have wanted to be a journalist for several years. I have had considerable experience of working on school and university newspapers and radio, including a year as editor of my college magazine. I would like to pursue- a career in newspaper journalism, and believe that course would give me the necessary skills and practical experience.

k. ______________________________________________ Mark Brem Date 3-4-98

Signature of applicant

Mr. / Ms / Mrs. / Miss

For which course are you applying?

List work experience in order of date

Your education and training background

If yes, what was your date of entry to the UK?

Why do you wish to take this course and what future education/ employment are you considering?

List any qualifications in order of date, including exams to be taken before September

How do you wish to study?

Male/ Female

Postcode

2. Check your answers with the blank application form (KEYS). Complete the blank form for yourself, choosing from the list of courses:

- 1-year Diploma in Travel and Tourism

- Diploma in European Literature

- Certificate in Film, Video and Photography

- Certificate in Child Care

UNIT 18

I. Read the article and answer the questions.

STANDARDIZED TESTS

Students in the United States take standardized tests in elementary school, in high school, and at the undergraduate and graduate levels of higher education. Most standardized tests are administered through the Educational Testing Service (ETS) or the American College Testing (ACT) Program. Educational institutions use the results of standardized tests to evaluate a student’s academic performance, as well as to assess a high school or college student’s potential for undertaking an undergraduate or graduate degree program. More than 100 million tests are administered each year in the United States.

In 1900 a consortium of prestigious East Coast colleges and universities known as Ivy League schools formed the College Entrance Examination Board, or College Board. The College Board was designed to address the concerns of students who were required to take different entrance examinations for each college or university to which they applied. In 1901 the College Board began administering essay exams in a variety of subjects. The introduction of these exams enabled students to take a single set of exams when applying for admission to several different schools. In 1926 the College Board introduced a multiple-choice entrance examination called the Scholastic Aptitude Test, or SAT. The SAT had been developed in the 1920s by a commission headed by Princeton University psychologist Carl Brigham. By the early 1940s most colleges and universities in the United States were using the SAT.

In 1937 the Cooperative Graduate Testing Program, a division of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, introduced the Graduate Record Exam (GRE) to evaluate students applying for graduate degree programs. In 1947 the Carnegie Foundation, together with the College Board and the American Council on Education, created the Educational Testing Service (ETS) to administer both the SAT and the GRE.

Elementary schools use standardized tests to assess scholastic achievement, to determine student placement, and to teach specific test-taking skills. High school students wishing to continue their education after graduation generally take standardized tests, since most American colleges and universities require test results in applications for admission. The most common of these tests include the Preliminary Scholastic Aptitude Test (PSAT), taken in preparation for the SAT; the SAT; and the American College Test (ACT), an aptitude test taken in addition to or in place of the SAT. The GRE tests prospective graduate students for general aptitude and knowledge of a specific subject.

In the early 1990s administrators of standardized tests began offering computerized examinations. Computerized tests adapt to the skill level of the individual test-taker. Each correct answer given by a student is followed by a more difficult question, and incorrect answers are followed by less difficult questions. The more difficult the question, the more points the student can score. Besides adjusting questions to a student’s performance level, the computerized test calculates an immediate score and allows students to instantly transmit results to institutions of their choice.

Critics of standardized testing argue that the tests do not account for differences in social and economic backgrounds among test-takers. They also argue that the exams do not accurately assess the scholastic performance of female students. Females consistently earn higher grades on average than males in both high school and college, but their average scores on standardized tests are lower. Some critics claim that the emphasis on high test scores encourages schools to teach only the material likely to be covered in the tests rather than provide a comprehensive education. Supporters of standardized tests maintain that test scores provide a valid measure of academic aptitude. They also contend that the exams offer a reliable way to impartially compare students from a variety of social and educational backgrounds.

1) When do students take standardized tests?

2) What is the purpose of this procedure?

3) What kinds of tests were introduced by the College Board?

4) What is the Graduate Record Exam used for?

5) What can be defined by standardized tests at elementary school?

6) Why did computerized test prove to be more effective?

7) What are the arguments against standardized testing?

8) What is the opinion of the supporters of standardized tests?

II. Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct.

1. Mumps area very common disease which usually affects children.

A B C D

2. Nancy said that she went to the supermarket before coming home.

A B CD

3. Before she moved here, Arlene had been president of the organization since four years.

A B C D

4. Each of the nurses report to the operating room when his or her name is called.
A B C D

5. The athlete, together withhis coach and several relatives, are traveling to the Olympic

A B C D

Games.

6. Professor Duncan teaches both anthropology as well as sociology each fall.

A B C D

7. My brother is in California on vacation, but I wish he was here so that he could help

A

merepairmy car.

B C D

8. I certainly appreciate him telling us about the delay in delivering the materials

A B

because we had planned to begin work tomorrow.

C D

9. The chemistry instructor explained the experiment in suchof a way that it was easily

A B C

understood.

D
10. Rudolph Nureyev has become one of the greatestdancer that the ballet world has

A B C D

ever known.

III. Put the verb in brackets in either the -ing form or the infinitive.

a) I used_____ (think) that life ended at 40, but now I know it's not true.

It's five in the morning. I'm not used to _____ (get) up this early.

b) Remember______ (lock) the door when you leave the house.

I remember_____ (fall) out of my pram when I was a baby.

c) Stop_____ (make) such a terrible noise.

Carol stopped ______ (make) herself a cup of tea.

d) I mustn't forget______ (buy) Jane a birthday card.

I'll never forget______ (meet) my husband for the first time.

e) I've always tried______ (do) my best.

If you can't do this exercise, try______ (ask) a friend for help.

f) I started_______ (play) golf last year.

Oh, look! It's starting_______ (rain).

g) I need______ (speak) to you.

The house needs_______ (paint).

h) Do you like_______ (cook)?

I like______ (cook) something special when guests come.