Рецензенты: ержанова Ф. О. , мастер делового администрирования кимэп; кабдргалинова С. Б. , к. Ф. Н. , ст. Преподаватель ату

Республики Казахстан

Алматинский Технологический Университет

Омарова Ш.Б., Сейтказы Г.О.

Учебник английского языка для студентов I курса

Алматы 2007

 

УДК 811

ББК.81.2Я7

О57

 

 

О57 Омарова Ш.Б., Сейтказы Г.О. Учебник английского языка для студентов I-го курса, – Алматы, 2007- 99 с.

Учебник английского языка для студентов I-го курса.

 

ISBN 9965-756-34-1

 

Учебник соответствует программе по английскому языку для студентов I курса. Первая часть учебника охватывает повторительный курс фонетики, грамматики, тексты для чтения,пересказа, перевода, ряд закрепительных упражнений.Вторая часть содержит дополнительный материал по избранным специальностям.Учебник может быть использован студентами ВУЗов, колледжей,а также для самостоятельной работы.

 

ББК 81.2Я7

 

Рецензенты: Ержанова Ф.О., мастер делового администрирования КИМЭП; Кабдргалинова С.Б., к.ф.н., ст. преподаватель АТУ

 

 

О 4602020102

00(05)-06

 

ISBN 9965-756-34-1 © АТУ, 2007

 

 

Предисловие

 

 

Настоящее учебное пособие предназначено для студентов 1 курса, обучающихся по кредитной технологии.

Основу каждого из 10 уроков первой, общей части составляет тематический текст. В первой части предлагаются обязательные вузовские темы. Отбор и презентация лексико-грамматического материала соответствует программе обучения студентов в технологическом вузе.

Каждая из тем включает в себя задания, выполняемые под руководством преподавателя (СРСП), предполагающие необходимость консультации со стороны преподавателя. Все упражнения и задания нацелены на развитие и совершенствование навыков и умений основных видов речевой деятельности. Уроки содержат так же специальные упражнения, рассчитанные на самостоятельную работу студента (СРС),которые предусматриват контроль и взаимоконтроль студентов, степень усвоенности ими материала.

Особенностью учебного пособия является то, что вторая его часть

включает тексты, направленные на профессиональную ориентацию студента технологического вуза и актуальны для всех специальностей. Teксты и разработанные к ним задания предназначены для аудиторных и внеаудиторных занятий по английскому языку на втором курсе.

Основная цель курса-формирование лингвистической и коммуникативной компетенции студентов с учетом их профессиональной подготовки.

Учебник снабжен хорошим справочным грамматическим материалом, что, безусловно, облегчит работу преподавателей и студентов в процессе изучения английского языка.

 

Good luck in learning English!

 

English alphabet

(Английский алфавит)

 

Буква	Название	Буква	Название
Аа	[ei]	Nn	[en]
ВЬ	[bi]	Oo	[ou]
Сс	[si:]	Pp	[pi:]
Dd	[di:]	Qq	[kju:]
Ее	[i:]	Rr	[a:]
Ff	[ef]	Ss	[es]
Gg	[dзi:]	Tt	[ti:]
Hh	[еitς]	Uu	[ju:]
Ii	[ai]	Vv	[vi:]
Jj	[dзei]	Ww	['d^blju:]
Kk	[keij	Xx	[eks]
LI	[el]	Yy	[wai]
Mm	[em]	Zz	[zed]

Phonetic Drills. Фонетические Упражнения

1. [ǽ] cat can cap back as tag fat man

2. [i] it is in sit city ticket fit pit pin

3. [e] pen set bed neck said net bet

4. [^] but cut nut must front some run

5. [u] book put push full hood foot pull

6. [ә] a an ago again under mister brother

7. [o] not pot dog clock lot got John on

8. [i:] me sea see meal tea feet free need

9. [u:] too food fruit root roof spoon pool

10. [a:] arm bar part aunt farm large charm

11. [ә:] girl first verb bird shirt skirt heard

12. [o:] tall small horse ball salt fault fork

13. [ei] day play may make main pain rain

14. [ai] my buy side find kind fine five by

15. [oi] boy toy enjoy coin soil spoil boil

16. [iә] ear beer near tear fear here

17.[ou] go no so cold sold soap blow

18.[au] town cow noun blouse house now brown[h1] [h2] [h3]

19. [uә] plural February January during usual

20. [o:] more door four your floor bore

21. [εә] pear pair fare fair chair hair hare

22. [θ] theatre think thought thumb health birthday bath

24. [ŋk] thank uncle think ink

25. [ŋg] English England finger

26. [h] he has have had who whole head hole

27. [w] we when wish was which woman window why

28. [j] year you young your yellow yesterday

29.[ju:] unit united new few usual fuse mute

30. street straight me may had head heard

31. bad bird beard board bed bet barrel burn

32. mother money many much more moral memory

33. some same seem sole sun soap soup sin singer

34. bake but boot back book barm butcher balm

35. run ran ruin roast risk reason rapid range

36.toast table tune turn torn task tusk tour till tell

37.come comb came climb corn course cure cake

38.[d3] jacket just jumper vegetable cabbage

39.[3] pleasure measure television usual

40.[ς] she shirt shut shall expression Russian

41.[tς] chair child children butcher watch che

LESSON 1. MY FAMILY

A Rhyme

Father, mother, sister, brother

Hand in hand with one another.

Ex.2. Topical vocabulary

1.mother-мать

2.father- отец

3.brother-брат

4.sister-сестра

5.aunt- тетя

6.uncle- дядя

7.parents- родители

8.relatives- родственники

9.to work- работать

10.to be married- быть женатым (замужем)

11.to know- знать

12.to be friendly – быть дружным

13.to be fond of- любить. увлекаться

14.to like- нравиться любить

15.different- различный

16.to learn- учиться

17.education- образование

18.to take care of- заботиься

19.to be sure- быть уверенным

20.foreign- иностранный

21.language- язык

22.to be in a good mood- быть в хорошем настроении

23.to like-любить

24. to sing- петь

25.to repair- чинить

26. experienced- опытный

27. scientist- ученый

28. opinion- мнение

29. knitting- вязание

30. upbringing- воспитание

Ex.4.Comprehension Check.

I.What is your first name? What is your surname?

2.How old are you?

3. When is your birthday?

4.1s your family large? How many are you in the family?

5.Have you got any brothers or sisters?

6.What are your parents? Where do they work? How long have your parents been married?

8.Do they have much in common?

9.Do you spend a lot of time with your family?

10. What sort of things do you do together?

II.Do you go out with your parents?

12. Who runs the house in your family?

13.What are your household duties?

14.What is your father's hobby?

15. Can you describe your mother?

16.What is your aunt (niece, nephew, uncle, grandmother)?

SSW (Self Study Work)

Ex1. Insert prepositions where necessary:

 

My family is not large. We are six... the family. My mother works... college. She is teacher... Biology. My father is a computer programmer. He works... a factory. My father is fond... sports.2.... the way, do you know my sister? She works...a joint venture company. Her children go... a nursery school.3.We have got a lot... relatives. My married sister lives... her mother's-in law. Her husband helps her...the housework. She is very good... cooking and she is clever... her hands

Ex.2. Write who is in relation to you:

1. your mother's brother........ my uncle

2.yourfather's sister...................

3.уоuг mother’s father...................

4.your husband's mother..................

5.your brother's daughter....................

6.уоuг sister's son...................

7your daughter's son..................

8.your husband's sister..................

9.your father's brother’s children...........

10.your father's second wife.........

Ex.3 Complete the sentences:

1.I …..two brothers and a sister.

2.You ….. no English friends.

3..He ….. much work to do.

4.She …. a good engineer.

5.We.... students of the Technological University.

6.They … a lot of relatives in Astana.

7.Asan …seventeen years old

8.Asan’s sister … married and…. her own family.

Ex.4 Ask questions to the underlined words in the text" My family"

Ex. 5. Read the dialogue and act it out:

A. Tell me, who is that little boy?

B. What boy? There?

A. Yes. Who is he? What's his name?

B. He is my little brother. His name is Nurlan.

A. And the big girl? Who is she?

B. She is my big sister. Her name is Kamila.

A. Is that man, there, your father?

B. That little man? Oh no. My father is that very big man standing over there.

A. Oh,yes! And that woman sitting there is your mother?

B. That's right!

Ex.7.Write short answers

1.Are you married? No, I’m not.

2.Are you a foreigner? ____________

3.Is it very cold today?___________

4.Are your hands dirty?___________

5.Is it dark now? __________

6.Are you a teacher?_____________

LESSON 2. MY HOUSE

Personal pronouns.

I live here,

We live near,

You live near,

They live here,

Tom lives so far

That he goes in a car.

Tom and Ray

Live far away.

Ex.2.Topical Vocabulary

1.house- дом, жилье

2.private- частный

3.entrance- вход, подъезд

4.balcony- балкон

5.floor- этаж,пол

6.convenient- удобный

7.central heating- центральное отопление

8.electricity- электричество

9.running water- водопровод

10.telephone- телефон

11.flat (Am. apartment)- квартира

12.bedroom- спальня

13.living (sitting) room- гостинная,зал

14.study- кабинет

15.kitchen- кухня

16.furniture- мебель

17.table- стол

18.desk- парта

19.to live- жить

20.to move (to)- переезжать

21.cosy- уютный

22.mirror- зеркало

23.refrigerator- холодильник

24.wardrobe- шифоньер

25.cupboard- шкаф кухонный

26.carpet- ковер,палас

27.curtain- занавеска

28.arm-chair- кресло

29.bookshelf- книжная полка

30.hallstand- вешалка

Ex.3. Pre-reading task. Answer the questions:.

1. Where do you live?

2. Do you live in a private house or in a block of flats?

3. Is there a garden in front of your house?

4. What is there next to your house?

5. Is your house far from the bus stop?

6. What floor is your flat on?

7. What modern conveniences are there in your flat?

8. Is your flat large or small?

9. How many rooms are there in your flat? What are they?

Ex.6 Complete the sentences

There is a …. in the picture. There are … in my house. There is no …..in his flat. Are there any …in the wardrobe? There are some … in the fridge. There is a … on the floor. Is there any … in the room? There isn’t any chair ….

SSW (Self Study Work)

Ex 1. Describe your flat

You've moved to a new flat in Astana suburb. You like it. Advise your friend to move to this district.(Speak in favour of the place).

Ex.2.Discuss with your friend:

- your family country house

- moving into a new flat;

- buying furniture for a new flat;

a well -furnished room;

- modern conveniences in your flat;

- the plan of your flat.

Exercise 5

Answer the questions.

1) When was your University or Academy established?

2) Who is the University headed by?

3) Were there any famous scientists, engineers, politicians, artists among the graduates of your Academy or University?

4) How many people are currently enrolled?

5) What is the most popular faculty in your Academy?

Exercise 6.

Agree or disagree.

a) Larger schools are better than smaller ones.

b) It is impossible to enter the university if you haven’t attended preparatory courses.

c) The best professors are the oldest ones.

d) It is better to live in a dormitory or student’s hostel than to rent an apartment.

e) Professors always know more than students and teaching instructors.

S.S.W (Self Study Work)

Ex 1.Write the sentences using the verbs in the correct form.

1.The mechanic (ask, asks) us a question. 2.The pupils (like, likes) to learn English. 3.The agronomist (know, knows) English very well. 4.Ann (want, wants) to write on the blackboard. 5.Kate (is, are) a good nurse. 6.Students (learn, leans) English, too. 7.We (keep, keeps) pieces of chalk in this box. 8.He (clean, cleans) the blackboard with the duster. 9.We (answer, anwers) our teacher’s questions. 10.We (read, reads) texts at our English lessons.

We must not fret, -

When the weather is cold

We must not scold.

When the weather is warm

We must not storm,-

But be thankful together

Whatever the weather.

Ex.2. Topical Vocabulary.

1. awake- будить. просыпаться

2. fill- заполнять

3. cut- резать

4. harvest time- время урожая

5. orchards- фруктовый сад

6. oblige- обязывать,делать одолжение

7. indoors- внутри помещения

8. out of doors-снаружи, на улице

9. sleet- дождь со снегом

10. stream- поток, ручей

11. bad-плохой

12. begin-начинать

13. best of all-больше всего

14. better-лучше

15. brightly-ярко,ясно

16. Christmas-Рождество

17. best-лучший

18. weather-погода

19. field-поле

20. fruit-фрукты

21. ground-земля,почьва

22. holiday-праздник

23. holidays-каникулы

24. hot-горячий,жаркий

25. which-какой,который

26. cold-холодный

27. wet-мокрый,влажный,дождливый

28. cool-прохладный,свежый

29. super-супер

30. wonderful-удивительный, замечательный

Seasons and Weather

The year is divided into four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter. In spring nature awakens from her long winter sleep. The trees are filled with new life, the earth is warmed by the rays of the sun, and the weather gets gradually milder. The fields and the meadows are covered with fresh green Grass. The woods and forests are filled with the songs of the birds. The sky is blue and cloudless. All night, millions of stars shine in the darkness.

When summer comes the weather gets warmer still and sometime its very hot. It’s the farmers’ busy season – he works in his fields from morning till night. The grass must be cut and the hay must be made, while the storms with thunder, lightning and hail starts.

Autumn brings with it the harvest – time the crops are gathered in the orchards. The days get shorter and the nights are longer. The woods turn yellow and brown, leaves begin to fall from the trees. And ground is covered with them. The sky is often grey, and often it rains.

When winter comes, we are often obliged to spend more time indoors because out-of-doors it’s cold. We may get fog, sleet and frost. Pond, lakes, rivers and streams are frozen, and the roads are sometimes covered with slippery ice or deep snow. The trees are bare. Bitter north winds have stripped them off all their leaves.

Ex 4. Comprehension check.

How many seasons are there in a year?

What season is your favourite one?

Why do you prefer this season to others?

What are the weather like in summer?

When are the days get shorter and the nights longer?

Which season is the hardest time for country time?

When is the ground white with snow?

Ex.7. Underline the days

Circle the months.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 7 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

23/8/9/3/8 19/5/1/19/15/14 9/19 20/8/5 3/15/12/4/5/19/20?

The Future Simple Tense.

Ex.3. Pre-reading task

1.Can you name some British dishes that are really good?

2.How many meals do the British usually have a day?

3.When do English people have the main meal of the day?

Ex.4 Study the text “Traditional British Food” to find the correct answers to the questions above.

Although Britain has a bad reputation for food, there are some dishes that are really good: meat pies, roast beef, Yorkshire pudding and a wide variety of cheeses.

Traditionally English people have three meals a day: breakfast, lunch and dinner. Breakfast is served in the morning: it used to be a large meal with cereal, eggs and bacon, sausages, mushrooms and grilled tomatoes, toast and marmalade and coffee or tea. Now people do not have the time to eat so much and they usually have a bowl of cereal (corn-flakes or muesli), a piece of toast with butter and marmalade and a cup of coffee or tea.

Lunch (sometimes called dinner) has also become a light meal, often just a snack since today everyone is too busy to stop and have a large meal. At school, children have a two course meal consisting of meat and vegetables followed by a pudding or fruit. Working people usually have a sandwich and a glass of fruit juice or a beer. In summer a lot of Londoners like to have their lunch outside in one of the many parks.

The main meal of the day is dinner (sometimes called tea or supper) and the British have it between 6 and 7 pm.

Traditional afternoon tea has become rare, although the British are ready for a cup of tea (a “cuppa”) at any time of the day. At weekends, when they have visitors, tea is served at about 5 pm, with sandwiches, scones, cakes and,of course tea served with sugar and either milk or lemon.

 

Ex.5. Scan the text to find the English equivalents of the following words, spell and transcribe them:

Второй завтрак, каша, кукурузные хлопья, бекон, тост, мармелад, пудинг,

фруктовый сок, основательная еда, сосиски, булочки с изюмом.

Ex.6. Say if the statements are true or false.

1.Britain has a very good reputation for food.

2.Britain is famous for its wide variety of cheese, meat pies and roast beef.

3.The British have 5 meals a day.

4.Nowadays breakfast is a large meal in the UK.

5.Lunch is also a large meal in Britain.

6.The main meal of the day is dinner.

7.Traditional tea is served in the morning.

Self Study Work (SSW).

Ex.1. Translate into English:

Много хлеба, мало черного хлеба, много людей, много кафе и ресторанов, мало чая, много кофе с молоком, много булочек, мало салата, много супа, много овощей, много фруктов, мало каши, много лука.

Ex.2. Make up sentences and translate it into Russian.

There’s There’re	Some	Soup and meat in the fridge. Sandwiches on the dinner plate. Coffee in the cup. Hard drinks in this bar. Soft drinks in the menu.
Is there Are there	Any	Fish and onions in the menu? Sugar in my coffee? Cucumbers in this salad? Fruit for desert? Brown bread at home?
There is There are	No Not (a, an)	Hard drinks in our restaurant. Soft drinks in our coffee. Table-cloth on the table. Menu on the table. Hors d’oeuvre in the menu. Fried chickens at McDonald’s.

Ex.3. Put in the suitable prepositions where necessary:

1.The English usually have four meals … a day.

2.Peter’s friends always have dinner … the evening.

3.The traditional English breakfast is a meal … bacon and eggs.

4.I’d like a bowl … porridge.

5.What do you have … breakfast?

6.My sister likes potatoes done … their jackets.

7.I have apple-pie … hot custard.

8.May I trouble you … the salt?

9.Lunch is served … one o’clock?

10.What shall we have … dessert?

Ex.4. Complete the necessary word:

1.Moter gave me a cup of (carrot, milk)

2.Nurlan bought a box of (lamb, sweets) for his wife.

3.Saule brought a pail of (cheese, potatoes).

4.He put (sugar, salt) into the cabbage soup.

5.Do you like much (vinegar, sugar) in your tea?

6.Father always drinks coffee with (cream, pepper).

7.Will you pour me a plate of (juice, soup)?

8.They usually have fish with (honey, potatoes)

Ex.5. Complete the following sentences:

1.We eat meat with….2. We eat soup with… 3. We drink milk from…4. We eat fish with… 5.We put salad on…6.We drink tea with …7.We take coffee without…

Ex.2.Topical Vocabulary

1.to be born- родиться, быть рожденным

2.to own- владеть, иметь

3.slave- раб

4.education- образование

5.widow- вдова

6.to fight (fought, fought)- сражаться, бороться

7.to be tired of- уставать от

8.politics- политика

9.politician- политик

10.chemistry- химия

11.to work hard- усердно работать

12.to need- нуждаться

13.to be afraid of- бояться

14.to bomb- бомбить

15.to survive- выживать

16.to resign- уходить в отставку

17.to be in tears- быть в слезах

18.to leave (left,left) - покидать,оставлять

19.outstanding- выдающийся

20.War of Independence- война за независимость

Ex.3 Pre-reading task

1.Who were famous people in your country?

2.What were they famous for?

3.What did they do for the Motherland?

About Margaret Thatcher.

His early life

George was born in Virginia. His family owned a big farm and had slaves. George didn’t have much education. During his life he had three jobs: he was a farmer, a soldier, and a politician. He loved the life of a farmer. He grew tobacco and owned horses. He worked hard but he also liked dancing and going to the theatre. In 1759 he married a widow called Martha Custis. They were happy together, but didn’t have any children.

His later life

He was Commander-in Chief of the army and fought the British in the War of Independence. When the war ended in 1781 he was happy to go back to the farm, but his country wanted him to be President. Finally, in 1789, he became President, and gave his name to the new capital city. He started the building of the White House, but he never lived in it. By 1797 he was tired of politics. He went back to his farm and died their to years later.

Margaret Thatcher(1925-)

Her early life

She was born above a shop in the small English town of Grantham. Her father, Alfred Roberts, was a grocer. He worked very hard for little money. Margaret also worked hard, and she went to Oxford University, where she studied chemistry. In 1951 she married Denis Thatcher, a rich businessman. They had twins, a girl and a boy. The love of her life was politics. She didn’t have much time for other interests. She said she only needed four hours’ sleep a night.

Her later life

She became a politician in 1959, leader of the Conservative Party in 1975, and Prime Minister of Britain four years after that. She had a strong personality. A lot of people were afraid of her, and she was called “The Iron Lady”. In 1984 Irish terrorists bombed her hotel, but she survived. She was Prime Minister for a

eleven years. She finally resigned in 1990, but she didn’t want to, and she was in tears when she left 10 Downing Street.

About George Washington

1.How many jobs did he …?

2.When did he … president?

3.What did he … doing in his free time?

4.Did George and Martha have any…?

5. What … he build?

6. How long … he president?

About Margaret Thatcher

1. What … her father’s job?

2. When did she …Denis?

3. How many children did they…?

3. How much sleep…she need?

5.When did the terrorists …her hotel?

6.How long…she Prime Minister?

Self Study Work (SSW)

A Street Incident

To run across, to be out of breath, to run into somebody, to fall, to hurt oneself, by chance, a doctor, to pass by, to help, to reach home.

2.Moving into a New Flat.

To look forward to, as a matter of fact, as a result, to mix up, special, to look like, a dining room, a bedroom, to be fond of, lovely.

LESSON 7. HEALTH and SPORT

Ex.2. Topical Vocabulary

1.to allow-разрешать

2. to be able-быть способным

3.blood-кровь

4.chest-гpyдь

5.lung-легкие

6.healthy-здоровый

7.to hurt-делать больно

8.headache-головная боль

9.pressure- давление

10.pulse- пульс

11. medicine-лекарство

12. pill-таблетка

13. prescribe- назначать

14. temperature-температура

15. X-ray-peнтген

16. to cough-кашлять

17. to sneeze-чихать

18. illness-бoлезнь

19. sore throat-aнгина

20. to fall ill-заболеть

21. to recover – выздоравливать

22. patient- пациент

23. to breathe- дышать

24. can- мочь

25. may- можно

26. must- должен

27. ought to-должен (моральный долг)

28. have to- должен

29. do sports = go in for sports-зaниматься спортом

30. to compete- cocтязаться

31. competition- copeвнование

32. rowing- rpeбля

33. stadium- стадион

34.boating-катание на лодке

35. sailing- napycный спорт

35. skiing-лыжный спорт

36. skating- катание на коньках

37. boxing- бокс

38. fencing- фехтование

39. athletics- атлетика

40. rugby- рэгби

At the Doctor's.

Doctor: You may come in.

Patient; Thank you. (he coughs)

D: This cough sounds very bad. You have a sore throat, don't you?

P: No, I don't. I just sneeze and cough.

D: I think I should listen to your chest and to your lungs. Take off your shirt.

Breathe in deeply, that's all right...and once more, please. Sit down. I'm going

to take your blood pressure.

P: Can I put my shirt on?

D: Certainly, you can. How long have you been coughing?

P: For about a week.

D: Did you take any medicine for it?

P: No, I didn't. I want you to prescribe me something effective for my illness.

D: Well, I need to take your temperature. It looks like influenza. So you ought to stay in bed not to contact other people. You must take these pills 3 times a day

after meal. You should drink a lot of hot milk and keep yourself warm. If you

follow all my recommendations you will recover very soon.

P: Thank you,doctor. Good bye.

Ex.4. Answer the questions

1.Why did the patient visit the doctor?

2. What did the "doctor ask the patient to do?

3.Did the doctor listen to his chest and lung?

4.What else did he do?

5.What illness did the patient have?

6.Why did the patient have to stay in bed?

7.In what case will the patient recover soon?

SSW(Self Study Work)

Sports in Britain.

Sports play an important part in the life of the English people. All sports are very popular among them. The British are proud that many sports originated in their country. The national British sports are: golf, cricket, table tennis, lawn tennis, snooker, racing, darts.

Football the most popular game in the world is of two kinds in Britain: association football (soccer) and rugby. Soccer played almost in all countries remains one of the most popular games in Great Britain.

Rugby football originated at Rugby public school. Rugby is played by teams of 15 men with an oval ball. In this game players may carry the ball.

Englishmen are fond of cricket. Cricket is played in schools, colleges, universities. Test matches with other countries are held regularly. The game is very slow.

. Golf, one of the popular sports in Britain, originated in Scotland.

Table-tennis originated in England in 1880. Wimbledon is known world­wide as the centre of lawn tennis.

Englishmen like all kinds of racing. Horse-racing, motor-car racing, boat-racing, dog-racing, donkey-racing are very popular in England. The most famous boat-racing in England is between Oxford and Cambridge. It first started in 1820 and has been held almost every spring since 1836. A lot of people come to watch it.

Ex.2 Comprehension Questions:

1 What kinds of football are their in Britain?

2. Where did golf come from to England?

3. What is the most popular English game?

4. What is Wimbledon famous for?

5. What kinds of racing do you know?

6. What is the most famous race in England?

Ex.3 Translate into English using modal verbs:

1.Bчера мне пришлось посетить врача.

2 Мы должны писать диктант сегодня.

3.Можно мне погулять сейчас?

4.Что о на может делать хорошо?

5 Я не мог помочь тебе по дому.

6. Вы сможете встретить их завтра.

7.Тебе следует быть очень внимательным.

8.Марат вынужден был остаться дома.

Ex.4. Insert the necessary modal verbs:

1....leave for a while? — Yes, you may.

2. Who... answer my question?

3.You....visit her, she is in the hospital.

4.He... be very attentive at the lessons.

5.It's urgent, you...to do this task at once.

6....you tell me the way to the station?

Dialogue 1.

Passenger: I want a ticket to Shimkent, please. Which train must I take?

Clerk: If I were you, I should take the 8.35 train.

P: Do I have to change anywhere?

C: No, no change, it’s a through train.

P: Thank you. A ticket to Shimkent, please.

C: Single or return?

P: Return please, first class.

C: Here you are.

P: Thank you. Can you tell me, what time the train leaves?

C: You’ll have to hurry if you want to register your luggage.

P: Thanks. (he hurried away)

Dialogue 2

Arman: Hi, Marat. I haven’t seen you for ages. Where have you

been, old boy?

Marat: I’ve just come from Astana.

A: Have you really? What were you doing there?

M: Oh, it was just a business trip.

A: Did you fly there?

M: Yes, I did. And it was very exciting.

A: Where did you get your ticket?

M: I went to the Air Company office and fixed up everything in

a few minutes. Then I came home, packed my things and

got ready for the trip.

A: Do you feel nervous or afraid?

M: Not a bit. Just excited.

A: How long were you up?

M: About three hours.

A: Was it very expensive?

M: Rather. But it saved me a lot of time.

 

SELF STUDY WORK. (SSW)

Ex.1. Make up your own dialogues using the following words and expressions.

a) A ticket to, to take a train, to change, single, return, if I were you, carriage, to be due to arrive, attendant, to while away the time.

b) Airport, plane, to take off, to have one’s luggage weighed and registered, stewardess, fasten the seatbelts, to be airsick, to go through customs, to be overweight.

TRAVELLING BY AIR

Nowadays people who go on business mostly travel by air, as it is the fastest means of travelling.

Here are some hints on air travel that may be helpful. Passengers are requested to arrive at the airport two hours before departure time on international flights and an hour before on domestic flights as there must be enough time to complete the necessary airport formalities.

Passengers must register their tickets, weigh in and register the luggage. Most airlines have at least two classes of travel, first class and economy class, which is cheaper. Each passenger of more than two years of age has free luggage allowance. Generally this limit is 20 kg for economy class passengers and 30 kg for first class passengers. Excess luggage must be paid for ex­cept for some articles that can be carried free of charge.

Each passenger is given a boarding pass to be shown at the departure gate and again to-the stewardess when boarding the plane.

Watch the electric sign flashes when you are on board. When the "Fasten Seat Belts'' sign goes on, do it promptly, and also obey the "No Smoking" signal.

Do not forget your personal effects when leaving the plane

Landing formalities and customs regulations are more or less the same in all countries.

When these formalities have been completed the pas­senger goes to Customs for an examination of his lug­gage.

As a rule personal belongings may be brought in duty free. If the traveller has nothing to declare he may just go through the "green" section of the Customs.

In some cases the Customs inspector may ask you to open your bags for inspection it sometimes happens that a passenger's luggage is carefully gone through to prevent smuggling.

Ex.6 Answer the questions.

1. What information is usually given to the passengers on board a plane?. 2.What services does a stewardess offer them? 3. At what speed and altitude do modern aircrafts fly? 13. On what flights do they servemeals? 14.When do students and schoolchildren pay.reduced prices for tickets? 15. Is travelling by air more expensive than railway travel? 16. What are advantages and disadvantages of air travelling?

LESSON 9. VISITING LONDON

Ex.2.Topical vocabulary

1.to recognize- узнать

2.to show (showed, shown)- показывать

3.welcome- добро пожаловать

4.to drive (drove, driven)- ехать, везти

5.map- карта (географическая)

6.guide - 1)гид2)путеводитель

7.to admire- восхищаться

8.place of interest- достопримечательность

9.financial- финансовый

10.political- политический

11.all over the world- во всем мире

12.to advise- советовать

13.unfortunately - к сожалению

14.reasonable - разумный

15.Europe - Европа

16.famous (for) - знаменитый чем-либо

17.the Tower of London - Лондонский Тауэр

18.the National Gallery - Национальная Галерея

19.Buckingham Palace - Бэкингемский Дворец

20.capital - столица

21.treasure - сокровище

22.the Thames - р.Темза

23.ancient - древний

24.century - век

25.population - население

26.the West End -Уэст-энд (районЛондона)

27.the East End - Ист- Енд

28.Westminster Abbey- Весминстерское Аббатство

29.to crown- короновать

30.the Houses of Parliament- Парламент

31.St. Paul’s Cathedral- Собор св. Павла

32.to bury- хоронить

33.to divide- делить

34. the House of Commons- Палата Общин

35.the House of Lords- Палата Лордов

36.to get used to- привыкать

37.to be tired- уставать

38.to forget (forgot, forgotten)- забыть

39.to seem-казаться

40.unusual- необычный

41.Heathrow- аэропорт Хитроу

42 to book- заказать заранее

42.accomodation- условия проживания

43. expensive-дорогостоящий

44. to get used to-привыкать

45.to go sightseeing-осматривать достопримечательности

Ex.3.Pre-reading task

1.Have you ever been to London?

2.Do you have a friend who has already been to London?

3.What do you think is unusual for foreign tourists there?

ТУРИСТОВ.

Продолжительность тура-8 дней.

Стоимость тура- 895 долларов

В стоимость тура включены

---авиабилеты

---встреча-проводы в аэропорту

---проездные карточки на все время поездки

---медицинская страховка

---входные билеты в музей мадам Тюссо, Вестминстерское Аббатство, Морской музей в Гринвиче.

Программа поездки

/ день — Встреча группы в аэропорту Хитроу (Гэтвик) представителем фирмы с транспортом. Разме щение в семьях.

2 день — Уик-энд в семье.

3 день — Встреча группы в назначенном месте в 8.30. Поездка в Лондон на целый день: Вестмин­стерское Аббатство, Парламент, Букингемский Дворец, конногвардейский парад, отдых в парке Се. Джеймса (ланч).

4 день — Встреча группы в 8.30. Поездка в Лондон: му­зей мадам Тюссо, Галерея Тейт.

5 день — Встреча группы в 8.30. Теплоходная прогулка от Вестминстера до Гринвича. Посещение морского музея в Гринвиче.

6 день — Встреча группы в 8.30. Поездка в Лондон на целый день: Национальная Галерея, Трафаль­гарская площадь,

7 день — Встреча группы в 8.30. Поездка в Лондон на целый день: Британский Музей, прогулка по Oxford Street.

8 день -— Доставка в аэропорт. Возвращение на родину.

Желаем приятного путешествия!

AIRPORT RESERVATIONS

Travel agent: Can I help you?

B: I want to fly to London next week. I'd like to make reservations for a roundtrip ticket.

T.A: What day are you planning to leave for London?

В: On the 12th of March.

T: There are three flights to London on that day at 10 a..m., at 8.30 and 9 p.m. Do you have any prefer­ence about the time of the day?

B: I'd rather leave at 9 p.m I want to get to London early in the morning.

T. A.: I can make a reservation for a TWA flight. Are you going to travel class or economy?

B:I prefer economy. How much will it be?

Т.A: 440 dollars.

В:Are meals and refreshments served on the flight?

T. A: Yes, they are.

B: What's the flying time?

T. A: Six hours. ',

B: What's the London airport we'll arrive at?

T. A.: Heathrow Airport. How many days are you plan­ning to stay in London?

B: Seven days..

T. A.: When would you like to fly home from London?

B: March 22nd.

T. A.: A11 right. Your name and address?

B: Boris Brown, 64-42 99th Street, Rego-Parte, NewYork 11374..

T.A: And your telephone number?

В:(7 18) 439-7286.

T. A.: Will you pay by credit card?

B:Yes, by Master Card. Number... Valid until January 15, 1993. When can I get my tickets?

T. A.: You'll have them 2 days before your departure.

 

Ex.8.Make up your own dialogue or a story about visiting Astana.

Ex.2. Topical vocabulary

1.market- базар,рынок

2.marketing-маркетинг

3.priсe- цена

4.meat-мясо

5.fish department-рыбный отдел

6.milk department-молочной отдел

7.vegetable department-овощной отдел

8.clothes department-отдел одежды

9. chemists-аптека

10.a shoe department-обувной отдел

11.food-пища

12.meat-мясо

13.fish-рыба

14.tea-чай

15.coffee-кофе

16.white coffee-кофе с молоком

17.brown bread-черный хлеб

18.sandwich-сэндвич

19.clothes-одежда

20.jumper-джемпер

21.blouse-блузка

22.trousers-брюки

23.shop-assistant-продавец

24.customer-покупатель

25.changing –room-примерочная

26.cashdesk- касса

27 cashier-кассир

28.size- размер ерять

29.selection- выбор

30.to try on- мерить,

ThINGS TO BUY

Milk pizza orange juice cheese

Coffee bread apples eggs

Conversations.

 

1. Would you like

Do you like a cigarette?

No, thanks. I don’t smoke.

2. Do you like

Would you like your teacher?

Yes. She’s very nice.

3. Do you like

Would you like a drink?

Yes, please/ Some Coke, please.

4. Can I help you?

Yes, I like a book of stamps, please.

Yes, I’d like

5. What sports do you do?

Well, I’d like swimming very much.

Well, I like

6. Excuse me, are you ready to order?

Yes, I like

Yes, I’d like a steak, please.

S.S.W.(Self Study Work)

Ex. 1.Complete these requests with Can / could I…?or Can/ could you…?

1 ______________________ have a cheese sandwich, please?

2 ______________________tell me the time, please?

3.______________________take me to school?

4.______________________________ see the menu, please?

5_______________________________lend me some money, please?

6.______________________________help me with my homework,please?

7._____________________ borrow your dictionary, please?

Ex 2. Read the text: My Uncle’s a Shopkeeper.

My uncle’s a shopkeeper. He has a shop in an old village by the river Thames near Oxford. The shop sells a lot of things: bread,milk, fruit, vegetables, newspapers-

Almost everything! It is also a village post office. The children in the village always

stop to spend a few pence on sweets or ice-cream on their way home from school.

My uncle doesn’t often leave the village. He hasn’t got a car, so once

A month he goes by bus to Oxford and has lunch at a Grand Hotel with some friends.

He is one of the happiest man I know.

Ex.3. Answer the questions:

1. What is my uncle?

2.Where is his shop?

3.What does his shop sell?

4.What do the children buy in his shop?

5.Is he one of the happiest man?

Ex.4.Retell the text to your partner.

Ex.5 Check your grammar.

Complete the sentences. Use some or any + a suitable noun.

1) Asem has gone to the bank to get some money.

2) Can I have _________ in my tea? I don’t like it black.

3) I want to light the barbecue but I haven’t got________________.

4) Nurlan is not happy with his chemistry exam. He knows he made____________.

5) Can I borrow____________________ I need to wash my hair.

6) Sorry, but everyone has to sit on the floor. We haven’t got__________yet

7) Can I have_____________on my bread? I prefer strawberry jam if you have it.

8) I’ d like ____________about hotels in London, please.

9) There wasn’t_____________in my village last winter so we couldn’t go skiing

Some thing/body

any + one/body

every where

1)”Did you meet____________nice at the party?”

“Yes. I met_________who knows you!

2)”Ouch! There’s________ in my eye!”

Let me look. No I can’t see_________

3) ‘Let’s go___________hot for our holidays.

“ But we can’t go ___________ that’s ‘ expensive”.

4) I’m so unhappy____________ loves me.

I know _____________ who loves you.Me.

5) I lost my glasses. I looked ___________, but I couldn’t find them.

6) I’m bored, I want_______________interesting to

read, or__________interesting to talk

to, or ___________ interesting to go.

8) It was a great party. _______________ loved it.

Topical vocabulary

Decent порядочный Indecent непорядочный

Intelligent умный Silly глупый

Persistent настойчивый Stupid глупый

Straightforward прямой Foolish глупый

Reasonable разумный Weak-willed безвольный

Moral моральный Lying лживый

Conscientious совестливый Blockheaded бестолковый

Reserved замкнутый Immoral аморальный

Reliable надежный Dishonest нечестный

Smart способный Nasty гадкий

Kind добрый Naughty непослушный

Cheerful веселый Bad плохой

Nice милый Vulgar вульгарный

Open-hearted открытый Unreliable ненадежный

Wise мудрый Crafty коварный

Shy застенчивый Rude грубый

Bright способный Dull тупой

Brave смелый Malicious злой

Calm спокойный Impudent наглый

Gifted одаренный Sly хитрый

Communicable общительный Selfish эгоистичный

Faithful верный Naivie наивный

Fair справедливый Narrow minded ограниченный

Frank откровенный Bore надоедливый

Just справедливый Ill-bread невоспитанный

Diligent прилежный Irritable раздражительный

Generous великодушный Jealous ревнивый

Noble благородный Lazy ленивый

Honest честный Mean низкий, подлый

Industrious трудолюбивый Nervous нервный

Punctual пунктуальный Light minded легкомысленный

Resolute решительный Stringy скупой

Strong-willed волевой Touchy обидчивый

Tactful тактичный Nuisance нудный

Well-bred воспитанный Liar лжец

Witty остроумный Coward трус

Purposeful целеустремленный

 

ENGLISH CHARACTER

One of the most striking features of English life is the self-discipline and courtesy of people of all classes. There is little noisy behaviour, and practically no loud disputing in the street. People do not rush excitedly for seats in buses or trains, but take their seats in queues at bus stops in a quiet and orderly manner.

Englishmen are naturally polite and are never tired in saying “Thank you”, “I’m sorry”, “Beg your pardon”. If you follow anyone who is entering a building or a room, he will hold a door open for you. Many foreigners have commented on a remarkable politeness of the English people.

English people don’t like displaying their emotions even in dangerous and tragic situations, and ordinary people seem to remain good-tempered and cheerful under difficulties.

The Englishman does not like any boasting or showing off in manners, dress or speech. Sometimes he conceals his knowledge: a linguist, for example, may not mention his understanding of a foreigner’s language.

The Englishmen prefers his own house to an apartment in a block of flats, because he doesn’t wish his doing to be overlooked by his neighbours. “An Englishman’s house is his castle.”

Many Englishmen help their wives at home in many ways. They clean the windows on Saturday afternoon, they often wash up the dishes after supper in the evening.

Sunday is a very quiet day in London. All the shops are closed, and so are the theatres and most of the cinemas.

Londoners like to get out of town on Sundays. The sea is not far – only fifty or sixty miles away and people like to go down to the sea in summer or somewhere to the country for skiing in winter.

AMERICAN CHARACTER

American society seems to be much more informal than the British and

In some ways, is characterized by less social distinction. Students do not rise when

A teacher enters the room. One does not always address a person by his title, such as

“Major “ or “General” or “Doctor” in the case of a holder of a Doctor of Philosophy

Degree. The respectful “Sir” is not always used in the northern or western parts of the country.

However it is best to use a person title when first meeting him/her and then allow the person to tell you how he/she wishes to be called.

They use first names when calling each other clap on the back, joke and are much freer in speech, which is more slangy than the conventional British English. You will often hear the word “Hi” (a form of greeting among friends) used instead of usual “Hello”, and “Howdy” instead of “How do you do?”

Those who don’t easily show these signs of friendship are called “snooty” or “snobbish”. In contrast, people who show such simple signs of friendship, particularly to their own economic and social inferiors, are praised as “regular guys”, or as “truly democratic”. As a description of character, democratic is generally used to signify that a person of high social or economic status acts in such a way that his or her inferiors are not reminded of their inferiority.

Yet, in spite of all the informality, Americans, even in the way they address each other, show consciousness of social distinction. For example, one is likely to use somewhat more formal language when talking to superiors. While the informal “Hello” is an acceptable greeting from employee, to employer, the employee is more apt to say “Hello, Mr. Ferguson”, while the employer may reply “Hello, Jim.” Southerners make a point of saying “Yes, sir,” or “Yes, Ma’am,” or “No, sir,’ or “No, Ma’am,” when talking to an older person or a person in a position of authority. While this is good form all over the United States, “Yes, Mr. Weston” or “No, Mrs. Baker” is somewhat more common in a similar situation in the North or West.

Certain other forms of politeness are observed on social occasions. Women may wear hats in church, in restaurants, and often when attending luncheons in public places and other public social functions except those take place in the evening. Men who do wear hats ordinarily remove them in elevators, churches, restaurants, private homes, business offices- in fact, in most public situations when they wish to show respect.

 

Emily Morgan, My Aunt

Of all my relatives, I like my Aunt Emily the best. She’s my mother’s youngest sister. She has never married and she lives all alone in a small village near Bath. She’s in her late fifties, but she’s still quite young in spirit. She has a fair complexion, curly grey hair, and deep blue eyes. She has a kind face, and when you meet her, the first thing you notice about her is her warm, friendly smile. Her face is a little lined now, but I think she is still rather attractive. She is the kind of person you can always go to you have a problem.

Aunt Emily likes reading and gardening, and she likes to take her dog, Buster, for long walks in the park. She’s a very active person. Either she’s making something or mending something or doing something to help others. She does the shopping for some of the old people in the village. She’s extremely generous, but not very tolerant of people who don’t agree with her. I hope that I am as contented as she is when I am her age.

 

Ex.10. Character adjectives. Do the personality quiz to discover what type of person you are. Write Y for Yes, N for No, and S for sometimes. What type of person are you?

1. Are usually smiling and happy?

2. Do you enjoy the company of other people?

3. Do you find it difficult to meet new people?

4. Do you have definite plans for your future career?

5. Does your mood change often and suddenly for no reason?

6. Do you notice other people’s feelings?

7. Do you think the future will be good?

8. Can your friends depend on you?

9. Is your room often a mess?

10. Do you get annoyed if you have to wait for anyone or anything?

11. Do you put off until tomorrow what you could do today?

12. Do you work hard?

13. Do you keep your feelings and ideas to yourself?

14. Do you often give presents?

15. Do you talk a lot?

16. Are you usually calm and not worried by things?

Ex 11. Work with a partner. Ask your partner to do the quiz about you. Compare your ideas and your partner’s ideas about you. Are they the same or different?

Ex12.

Mrs. Snell

I’ve got a new neighbour. He moved in a few weeks ago. He’s got a job, because I see him leaving the house every morning and then coming home in the evening. He’s a builder, I think. He wears jeans and a T-shirt, so it can’t be a very good job. Sometimes he comes home late.

I’ve never spoken to him. When he sees me, he says hello, but I don’t answer back because nobody has introduced us. How can I speak to him?

His girlfriend is living with him. I know it’s not unusual these days, but I still don’t like it, boys and girls living together and not married. It’s such a small flat. I don’t how two people can live there.

He had a party last week. Forty people! The noise! It went on until two in the morning/ he said sorry the next day, but it was a bit late by then. I didn’t sleep all night.

Oh, there’s the door. I can see him now. He’s going out with his girlfriend. I wonder what they’re doing tonight. Having a good time. Going to the pub, probably.

Steve

I moved into this flat a few weeks ago, and I’m really enjoying living here. There’s only one bedroom, and at the moment my sister is staying with me because she’s looking for a job.

I work in advertising. It’s hard work, and the hours are really long, but I like it. And it’s well paid. The office is really relaxed. No one wears a suit or a tie.

The only thing I don’t l