Ex. 9. Speak about the structure of British police using the scheme.

 

Home Office

 

 

combined police

county borough police   ppp

county police   poli police ppppolice

Metropolitan Police

City of London police

Commissioner of police of Metropolis

is headed by

are headed by

Chief Constable

 

 

Text 2

Police Service

 

Vocabulary for reading the text:

1. drug misuse – злоупотребление наркотиками
2. assisting at accidents – оказание помощи при ДТП
3. safeguarding public order – охрана общественного порядка
4. national police force – национальная полиция
5. the Metropolitan Police – столичная полиция
6. councillor, n – советник, член совета
7. magistrate, n – мировой судья
8. Chief Constable – главный констебль
9. the Home Secretary – министр внутренних дел (в Великобритании)
10. cover, v – зд. охватывать
11. put forward proposal – вносить/ выдвигать предложение
12. local authorities – местные органы власти
13. grant, n – субсидия, дотация
14. approve, v – одобрять
15. cost of policing – расходы на нужды полиции
16. appointment, n – назначение
17. removal, n – отставка

Ex. 10. Form the Gerund of the verbs given below and translate the sentences into Russian.

 

V + ing

to assist – помогать

to safeguard – охранять

to deal with – имеет дело, заниматься

to provide – обеспечивать

1. Police are responsible for assisting at accidents.

2. Safeguarding public order and dealing with lost property are the duties of the police.

3. The Home Secretary together with police authorities and chief constable are responsible for providing an effective police service.

Ex. 11. Translate the word chains, move from “tail to head”.

police forces, county council, police authority, police committee, law enforcement, police service, Criminal Invesigation Department

 

Ex. 12. Study the following synonyms.

to deal with = to handle

crime = offence

community = society

duty = task

to assist = to help

similar = the same

to found = to create = to set up

to combat = to fight

be responseble for = be charged with

objective = goal = aim

to cover = to include

be responsible to = to report to

 

Ex. 13. Learn the connectives given to understand the text.

such as – такой как

as well as – а также

like – подобно

though – хотя

while – в то время как

 

Ex. 13. Read the text. Learn the structure and the main tasks of British Police. What are the particular features of their organization?

Police Service

Policemen and policewomen today have to deal with very serious problems such as continuing crime, drug misuse, terrorism as well as a number of other problems like relations with ethnic communities and an increasingly complex society.

The civilian police are responsible in Britain for the maintenance of law and order. The duties of the police are varied, ranging from assisting at accidents to safeguarding public order and dealing with lost property. One their main function is, of course, the control of crime.

Though the duties and functions of the British police are broadly similar to many other countries, it is organised very differently in that Britain has no national police force controlled by central government.

The oldest police force in Britain is the Metropolitan Police which was founded in 1829 by Sir Robert Peel to combat crime in London, and from which the modern forces have grown.

Outside London the police are all local forces, there are 52 separate police forces for each area (43 in England and Wales, eight in Scotland and one in Northern Ireland), which corresponds either to county council or to regional areas. Each regional force has a local police authority – a police committee of local councillors and magistrates, which are charged with law enforcement in their localities. In the 41 police areas outside London, they normally have 17 members – nine locally elected councillors, three magistrates and five independent members. The professional head of each regional force is the Chief Constable, who is responsible for all operational and administrative decisions including the actions of the force. The police authorities, in consultation with the chief constables and local community, set local policing objectives, while the Government sets key objectives for the police as a whole.

The Home Secretary and the Scottish and Northern Ireland Secretaries, together with police authorities and chief constables, are responsible for providing an efficient police service in the UK.

The Metropolitan Police zone of operation covers Greater London, and is currently under the direct responsibility of the Home Secretary, although the Government has put forward proposals for a new body with a majority of elected representatives. The “Met” as it is popularly called, also provides certain national police services, including the maintenance of a national record of all criminals and crimes, to which local police forces may refer. The famous “Scotland Yard” is the Criminal Investigation Department (CID), which gets its popular name from the New Scotland Yard, where its offices are situated.

The central government gives the local authorities grants towards the cost of policing. Inspectors from the Home Office direct and control the local forces, reporting to the Home Secretary who can approve and disapprove the appointments and removals of Chief Constables, but the actions of a local police force are normally not the responsibility of any minister.

There are over 150,000 policemen and policewomen in the UK, which means one officer for every 400 people in the total population.