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Exercise 2. Read the article and underline all the film terms and words you’ve learnt fromСодержание книги
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Unit 2 PRODUCTION UNIT FILM TERMS AND VOCABULARY Exercise 1. Learn the following words:
READING AND VOCABULARY
Exercise 2. Read the article and underline all the film terms and words you’ve learnt from Exercise 1.
A PRODUCTION UNIT
Film production is a joint effort. There are about 100 people in a production unit that makes a feature-length film. Among the members of the production unit there are creative workers, executives and technicians. The main figures of the production unit are: the film director, the director of photography, the production designer / art director and the producer. As for the scriptwriter, he sometimes takes part in the film production too. Each of these people is responsible for his part of the work. The director controls the creative aspect of the production. Before the shooting begins, he works out the shooting script and the storyboard, where he gives his own interpretation of the story. He tests and casts the actors for the main and supporting roles, holds rehearsals, approves the décor and the photography and supervises the editing of the film. The production designer is responsible for the visual part, or the look of the film, which includes the sets, property (or props), costumes and make-up. He must create a suitable background for the action with the help of colour, design and composition. The director of photography heads the camera crew and is responsible for an adequate rendering of the story and the technical quality of the image on the screen. The producer is the person who is responsible for the budget and business problems. He raises money for the production, forms the production unit, engages actors, organizes the shooting on the set and on location and finally delivers the completed film to the distributors. These filmmakers have assistants who work under their supervision. Besides the director’s crew, the camera crew, the production and art departments there are a great number of technicians in the production unit, such as electricians, property-men, make-up girls, continuity-girls, cutters, camera operators and grips. All the members of the production unit try to embody the director’s conception. The credits don’t usually include the names of all the production unit members, but the contribution of each person is very important. FILM TERMS AND COMMUNICATION
Exercise 4. a) Find the English equivalents.
b) Choose 10 expressions and make up your own sentences with them. LANGUAGE USE GRAMMAR ЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНЫЕ (NUMERALS)
Ordinal numerals. One, two, three, four, five, eleven, twelve, fourteen, fifteen, twenty-one, twenty-five, twenty-eight, thirty, fifty-two, sixty-seven, seventy-four, eighty-three, ninety-nine, one hundred.
Snow, butter, sand, milk Неисчисляемые существительные часто относятся к следующим группам: еда и напитки: milk, bread, cheese, meat, tea, coffee, sugar, honey; материалы: glass, metal, wood, plastic, paper; учебные предметы и языки: film-making, aesthetics, history, art, music, English, Russian; идеи и чувства: knowledge, news, advice, love, time, education, information; группы аналогичных предметов, объединённые в классы: furniture (chairs, tables, sofas), luggage (suitcases, bags), money (euros, pounds, dollars). Некоторым неисчисляемым существительным можно придать исчисляемое значение, разделив их на порции, поместив в контейнеры или пользуясь системой измерений:
ЗАПОМНИТЕ! Следующие существительные в английском языке всегда употребляются во множественном числе: scissors glasses trousers jeans shorts tights pyjamas clothes
LANGUAGE USE GRAMMAR Many-much, few-little Many – много, few – мало – употребляются с исчисляемыми существительными. Many books – много книг Many students – много студентов Few films – мало фильмов Few cameras – мало кинокамер Much – много, little – мало – употребляются с неисчисляемыми существительными. much work – много работы little light – мало света В утвердительных предложениях вместо слов many и much часто употребляется выражение a lot of как с исчисляемыми, так и с неисчисляемыми существительными. a lot of exams, a lot of work В вопросительных и отрицательных предложениях это выражение не употребляется.
A few – a little A few – немного, несколько – употребляется с исчисляемыми существительными. a few mistakes – несколько ошибок A little – немного – употребляется с неисчисляемыми существительными. a little time – немного времени ЗАПОМНИТЕ: (a) few, (a) little не употребляются в отрицательных предложениях. В таких предложениях используются словосочетания not much, not many. He does n’t make many mistakes. – Он делает мало ошибок. Not many people know about it. – Немногие знают об этом. I do n’t have much free time. – У меня мало свободного времени. There is n’t much snow in the forest. – В лесу мало снега.
LANGUAGE USE READING AND SPEAKING GRAMMAR СПРЯЖЕНИЕ ГЛАГОЛА TO HAVE / HAVE GOT В НАСТОЯЩЕМ ВРЕМЕНИ
to have breakfast /lunch/ dinner/ tea/ supper – завтракать /обедать/ пить чай/ ужинать to have a snack – перекусить to have a talk – поговорить to have a bath / a shower – принимать ванну / душ to have a seat – садиться to have a walk – прогуляться to have fun / a good time – хорошо проводить время, веселиться to have a rest – отдохнуть to have a journey – путешествовать to have a class – быть на занятии to have a lecture – быть на лекции to have a holiday – быть в отпуске to have holidays – быть на каникулах to have a look (at) – взглянуть (на) to have a cold – простудиться COMMUNICATION Exercise 30. Make up mini-dialogues according to the example: e.g. - Have you got a camera? - Yes, I have. I’ve got a camera. - No, I haven’t. I haven’t got a camera. тетрадь, книги на английском языке, учебник, квартира, собака, гитара, сестра, братья, двоюродная сестра, мобильный телефон, свободное время Exercise 31. a) In pairs. Tell your partner what you’ve got. Name as many things as Possible. Begin each phrase with I’ve got … b) Report how many things your partner has got and name some of them. He’s got / She’s got … LANGUAGE USE -’s может обозначать:
Притяжательный падеж is has Exercise 33. Say what ’s stands for and write full forms. 1. I’m sorry. – That’s all right. 2. There’s someone behind the door. 3. Who’s there? 4. He’s got a nice smile. 5. I don’t like Nancy’s acting. 6. She’s fond of watching period films. 7. It’s Paul’s signature. 8. He’s really punctual. 9. The sound designer’s job is very difficult. 10. Mr. Gordon’s first name’s Michael. SPEAKING
Exercise 35. Speak about your flat or room according to the model given in the article "Bedroom in Arles" by Vincent Van Gogh (see ex.27).
COMMUNICATION Exercise 36. a) Translate into Russian.
b) In pairs. Choose one item and illustrate its usage in a mini-sketch. c) Show your sketches to the rest of the group. d) Complete in as many ways as you can.
LANGUAGE USE
Exercise 37. Complete this paragraph from a travel book. Put in many, few, much or little. The main town on the island is very small and does not have many important buildings. The islanders do not have (1)………………money, and they have (2)………………….contact with the outside world. There is not (3)…………………..chance of the place attracting large numbers of tourists. The roads are not very good. There are lots of bicycles but not (4)……………………cars. And there are hardly any of the modern facilities which visitors expect. There are (5)………………………shops, and there is (6)…………………entertainment.
WORD-BUILDING
От многих прилагательных можно образовать наречия, прибавив суффикс -ly. (Прилагательные употребляются перед существительными или после глагола “to be”.) It's a beautiful song. – Это красивая песня. This song is so beautiful. – Эта песня такая красивая. She sings beautifully. – Она красиво поёт.
LANGUAGE USE AND COMMUNICATION
Exercise 41. Make up similar dialogues. GRAMMAR МОДАЛЬНЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ I. Can (could) – мочь, уметь Must – должен, обязан Should – следует, нужно May (might) – можно Утвердительные предложения I can / must / should play. We can / must / should play. You can / must / should play. You can / must / should play. He / she / it can / must / should play. They can / must / should play. Отрицательные предложения I can’t / mustn’t / shouldn’t play. We can’t / mustn’t / shouldn’t play. You can’t / mustn’t / shouldn’t play. You can’t / mustn’t / shouldn’t play. He / she / it can’t / mustn’t / shouldn’t play. They can’t / mustn’t / shouldn’t play. can’t = cannot mustn’t = must not shouldn’t = should not Вопросительные предложения (Where) can / must / should I play? (Who) can / must / should we play (with)? Can / must / should you play? Can / must / should you play? Can / must / should he / she / it play? Can / must / should they play? Обратите внимание! 1. Глагол, который следует за модальным, употребляется без частицы to. 2. В 3-м лице единственного числа у модальных глаголов нет окончания -s. II. 1) Глагол can имеет две формы: can – настоящее время и could – прошедшее время. В других случаях вместо него употребляется выражение to be able to do smth – мочь, быть в состоянии что-л. сделать Напр.: I think I’ll be able to come. – Думаю, я смогу прийти. 2) Сan часто используется в вежливых просьбах. Напр.: Can you help me, please? – Помогите мне, пожалуйста. Could you do it, please? – Не могли бы Вы это сделать? III. 1) Глагол must имеет только одну формунастоящего времени. Вместо него может использоваться need или have to. 2) Может быть 2 варианта ответа на вопрос с must: Напр.: Must I do it today? – Yes, you must (do it). – Да, ты должен (это сделать). – No, you needn’t (do it). – Нет, не нужно (этого делать). IV. 1) have (got) to do smth – должен, потому что вынуждают обстоятельства Ср.: I must do it. – Я должен / обязан это делать. I have (got) to do it. – Я вынужден это делать. Мне приходится это делать. 2) Вопросы и отрицания строятся, как с любым не модальным глаголом. Напр.: Do you have to get up early? – Тебе рано приходится вставать? He doesn’t have to go there. – Ему не приходится туда ездить. V. Глагол should имеет одну форму и используется, когда мы даём советы. Напр.: You should be careful. – Тебе нужно быть внимательным. You shouldn’t stop. – Тебе не следует останавливаться. VI. Глагол may: 1) в официальном стиле выражает позволение. Напр.: May I leave the room? – Можно мне покинуть помещение? You may stay. – Вам позволено остаться. 2) выражает неуверенное предположение. Напр.: You may / might be right. – Может быть, ты и прав. 3) используется в пожеланиях. Напр.: May all your dreams come true! – Пусть сбудутся все Ваши мечты!
LANGUAGE USE AND COMMUNICATION The Show Must Go On original lyrics by “Queen”
Empty spaces - what are we living for? Another hero, another mindless crime. The show must go on! Whatever happens, I’ll leave it all to chance. The show must go on! My soul is painted like the wings of butterflies, The show must go on! Yeah! I’ll top the bill! I’ll overkill! Exercise 48. Complete in as many ways as possible:
VOCABULARY AND COMMUNICATION Exercise 51. a) Write the English equivalents in the boxes. Take the numbered letters and put them in order.
This is a quote by Henry Ford: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _’ _ – _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. b) Discuss it with your groupmates using these phrases: That’s true. I agree with him on this one. I’m not so sure about this one. I’m afraid he is not quite right. In my opinion … From my point of view … Personally, I think … If you ask me … READING, LANGUAGE USE AND SPEAKING
Exercise 52. a) Read the article below and choose the correct words in italics. Behind the Camera A lot of people take part / takes part in film production besides actors and actresses. They are / There are all members of the crew whose names appear / appears at the beginning or end of a film in screen credits. Some of them has / have strange jobs like “Best Boy” or “Key Grip”. Let's look at just some of them. Producer is the person who choose / chooses which film to make, who raises / raise the money to make it, and who deal / deals with all the business problems. Director is the person who decide / decides how to shoot (or film) each scene, and who controls / control all the actors who work / works in the set and on location and other people who help/helps to make the film. The director is the one who shout / shouts “Action!” when he or she is/are ready. There is / are usually a lot of takes. A take is one piece of film which is filmed without stopping the camera. Screenwriter is the person who write / writes the screenplay or script of a film. Sometimes many screenwriters do / does his / their job before a director is/are happy with a screenplay. And when it is a screen adaptation, it is not / does not usually the writer of the book who write / writes the screenplay but a screenwriter. Editor is the person who cut / cuts and then put / puts together the film after the filming is finished, and make / makes it into the final movie. Set Designer - the person who arranges / arrange the furniture and scenery needed in the film. The designer often plans / plan by making models of the scenery before working on the final set. Wardrobe Designer, or Costume Designer, is the person who design / designs or chooses / choose the clothes that the actors wear / wears in the film. He often get / gets them from special companies who keep / keeps every kind of film and theatre clothes that you can think of. Gaffer is the lights and lighting chief in the studio. Best Boy is the Gaffer's assistant. Key Grip is the person who move / moves the camera around. Boom Operator is the person who place / places the microphone above the heads of the actors when they are speaking. b) Compare two articles “A Production Unit” and “Behind the Camera”. Choose only those jobs, which were not mentioned in the first article. Speak of team-members’ responsibilities. Model: Editor is the person who …
WRITING |
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Unit 2
PRODUCTION UNIT
FILM TERMS AND
VOCABULARY
Exercise 1. Learn the following words:
| существительные action background colour continuity-girl camera crew contribution cutter cutting decor distribution distributor design editing director effort executive extras feature film film-maker grip image location member make-up photography property play production production unit part quality rehearsal rendering set sets screen (screen) credits schedule script shooting stage supervision taste technician treatment глаголы to create to cast to cut to deliver to embody to engage to hold to head to include to render to raise to be responsible for to shoot to supervise прилагательные artistic completed creative joint important main responsible suitable supporting visual наречия и наречные выражения about besides a lot a great number finally such as with the help of that is as for | действие фон, задний план цвет помощник режиссёра, которая ведёт запись операторская группа вклад монтажёр монтаж (технич.) оформление прокат прокатчик замысел, план; эскиз монтаж (творч.) режиссёр усилия, труд руководящий работник массовка художественный фильм кинематографист рабочий-постановщик образ, изображение натура член грим операторская работа реквизит пьеса постановка, производство съёмочная группа часть; роль качество репетиция передача площадка декорации экран титры график сценарий съёмка сцена, павильон руководство вкус технический работник трактовка, решение творить, создавать подбирать актёров резать, монтировать доставлять воплощать нанимать держать, проводить возглавлять включать передавать 1. поднимать. 2. добывать отвечать за снимать руководить художественный завершённый творческий объединённый важный главный ответственный подходящий второстепенный, эпизодический изобразительный около, приблизительно помимо множество большое количество наконец такие как при помощи то есть что касается |
READING AND
VOCABULARY
Exercise 2. Read the article and underline all the film terms and words you’ve learnt from
Exercise 1.
A PRODUCTION UNIT
Film production is a joint effort. There are about 100 people in a production unit that makes a feature-length film. Among the members of the production unit there are creative workers, executives and technicians. The main figures of the production unit are: the film director, the director of photography, the production designer / art director and the producer. As for the scriptwriter, he sometimes takes part in the film production too.
Each of these people is responsible for his part of the work. The director controls the creative aspect of the production. Before the shooting begins, he works out the shooting script and the storyboard, where he gives his own interpretation of the story. He tests and casts the actors for the main and supporting roles, holds rehearsals, approves the décor and the photography and supervises the editing of the film.
The production designer is responsible for the visual part, or the look of the film, which includes the sets, property (or props), costumes and make-up. He must create a suitable background for the action with the help of colour, design and composition. The director of photography heads the camera crew and is responsible for an adequate rendering of the story and the technical quality of the image on the screen. The producer is the person who is responsible for the budget and business problems. He raises money for the production, forms the production unit, engages actors, organizes the shooting on the set and on location and finally delivers the completed film to the distributors.
These filmmakers have assistants who work under their supervision. Besides the director’s crew, the camera crew, the production and art departments there are a great number of technicians in the production unit, such as electricians, property-men, make-up girls, continuity-girls, cutters, camera operators and grips. All the members of the production unit try to embody the director’s conception.
The credits don’t usually include the names of all the production unit members, but the contribution of each person is very important.
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