Grammar topic: the general types of questions.

«Weather and climate».

Climate has a very important influence on plants, animals and humans and is different in different parts of the world. Some scientists think that the world is becoming hotter. If you compare Moscow winter and summer temperatures at the beginning of our century and at its end you will see that climate has really changed. Winters have become warmer.

 

Sometimes there is little snow in January, and there were winters when it rained on the New Year’s Eve. Many people say that it is so because of the greenhouse effect. During the last 100 years people have produced a lot of carbon dioxide. This gas in the atmosphere works like glass in a greenhouse. It lets heat get in, but it doesn’t let much heat get out. So the atmosphere becomes warmer.

 

Where does the carbon dioxide come from? People and animals breathe in oxygen, and breathe out carbon dioxide. We produce carbon dioxide when we burn things. Trees take this gas from the air, and produce oxygen. But in the last few years, people have cut down and burn big areas of rainforest. This means there are fewer trees, and, of course, more carbon dioxide!

 

As we see the climate in different parts of the world changes a little from year to year. These changes can be dangerous for our planet, which needs protection.

Vocabulary:

1. breezy	1. продуваемый ветром
2. bright	2. яркий;
3. clear	3. светлый, ясный;
4. cloud	4. облако; туча
5. damp	5. влажный, сырой
6. dry	6. сухой
7. dull	7. пасмурный, хмурый
8. fog	8. туман
9. lightning	9. молния
10. rain	10. дождь; идти, литься (о дожде)
11. shower	11. ливень
12. snow	12. снег; идти (о снеге)
13. snowflake	13. снежинка
14. sun	14. солнце
15. sunshine	15. солнечный свет
16. thunder	16. гром
17. wet	17. мокрый, влажный
1. wind	ветер
2. chilly	холодный; прохладный
3. cold	холод; холодный
4. hot	жаркий; горячий;
5. warm	тёплый
6. freeze	замерзать
7. hail	идти (о граде); град
8. shine	светить, сиять, озарять
9. rain	идти, литься (о дожде)
11. snow	снег; идти (о снеге)
13. weather forecast	прогноз погоды
15. temperature	температура
17. weatherman	метеоролог
19. humid (climate)	влажный (климат)
21. mild (climate)	мягкий (климат)
23. continental (climate)	континентальный(климат)
25. lovely (weather)	прекрасная (погода)
27. changeable (weather) -	изменчивая (погода)
29. dreadful (weather) -	ужасная (погода)
31. unpredictable (weather) - (погода	непредсказуемая

 

* В США, в Англии и ряде других стран для измерения температуры используется шкала, в которой температурный интервал между точками таяния льда и кипения воды (при нормальном атмосферном давлении) разделён на 180 частей - градусов Фаренгейта (°F), причём точке таяния льда присвоено значение 32°F, а точке кипения воды 212°F. шкала Фаренгейта предложена в 1724 году немецким физиком Д. Г. Фаренгейтом (D. G. Fahrenheit, 1686-1736).

 

PRACTICE.

1. Prove with the help of the opinions that:

2. Climate has a big influence on our planet.

3. Climate has changed considerable.

4. We can see green house effect’s influence on the weather.

5. People and animals produce a lot of carbon dioxide.

6. The problem of climate is very important nowadays.

 

2. Answer the questions:

1. What has a very important influence on plants, animals and humans?

2. Give the examples that the climate has changed.

3. What is the carbon dioxide?

4. Where does the carbon dioxide come from?

5. Why can changes be dangerous for our planet?

 

3. a) Find the synonyms:

breezy	chilly
wet	bright
rainy	hot
cold	dull
sunny	damp
cloudy	windy
warm	showery

b) Find the antonyms:

dry	heat
windy	clear
warm	rain
cloudy	windless
winter	cold
frost	wet
sun	summer

 

c) Ask people about the weather in the world!

 

4. a) Find the equivalents!

1) April weather- rain and sunshine together	a. куй железо, пока горячо
2) Everything is good in its season	b. То дождь, то солнце
3) March winds and April showers	c. Ветрено в мае, в апреле дожди
4) Bring forth May flowers	d. В мае фиалок и ландышей жди
5)After rain comes fair weather	e. все хорошо в свое время
6)It rains cats and dogs	f. после бури наступает затишье
7)Make hay while the sun shines	g. льет как из ведра

 

b) Make up adjectives: