Перфектні часи (perfect Tenses, Active and Passive)

 

	Active	Passive
	to have + Participle II	to have + been + Participle II
Present	He has written a letter today.	The letter has been written today.
Past	He had written a letter when I came in.	The letter had been written when I came in.
Future	He will have written a letter by 6 o’clock.	The letter will have been written by 6 o’clock.

Ex. 7. Перекладіть речення українською мовою, звертаючи увагу на час і стан дієслова:

1. Не had brought some English books by 3 o’clock. 2. The text­ books had been brought from the library by that time. 3. They have been sent to the hospital this week. 4. They have been in the hospital today. 5. Our students had fulfilled this task when the teacher came in. 6. This work had been done by 6 o’clock yesterday. 7. My friend will have translated this medical article by that time. 8. This text will have been translated by tomorrow. 9. The doctor has already examined all his patients. 10. These patients have not been examined today. 11. The old medical system had been modernized by that time. 12. They have already rebuilt the old hospital.

Ex. 8. Перекладіть, враховуючи особливості перекладу речень у па­сивному стані:

1. We are being shown a new film now. 2. We were being shown a new medical film when you came. 3. They have just been shown a new film. 4. He said that we should have been given new textbooks by Friday. 5. They will have been told this material before they write tests. 6. We had been told the rules before going to practice.

 

ПИТАЛЬНІ РЕЧЕННЯ У PERFECT TENSES

Active		Have you done it tоdаy?
	What	have you donetoday?
Passive		Hasit been done today?
	When	has it been done?

Ex. 9. Поставте запитання до речень, починаючи їх словами, які стоять у дужках:

а) 1. Не has written to his friend. (Has?) 2. You have already seen him today. (Have?) 3. She will have written the article when he comes. (Will?) 4. The doctor has prescribed effective medicines to this patient. (What medicines?) 5. This doctor has discharged five patients from the hospital. (How many?)

б) 1. The text has been translated today. (Has?) 2. This hospital had been built when we came to this town. (When?) 3. This problem has been discussed by them. (Whom?) 4. Many patients had been examined by 5 o’clock yesterday. (When?) 5. This department had been reconstructed by June. (What month?)

 

Lesson 17.

Прийом у лікаря. Історія хвороби

Ex. 1. Read and memorize the words

cardiological — кардіологічний

pulmonological — пульмонологічний

gastroenterological — гастроентерологічний

to give an injection — робити ін’єкціі

cup a patient — ставити хворому банки

to palpate — пальпувати

to feel somebody’s pulse — перевіряти чийсь пульс

to check blood pressure — перевіряти тиск крові

to be admitted — бути прийнятим

to be discharged — бути виписаним

to take the temperature — вимірювати температуру

chart — карта; temperature chart — температурний лист

medicine — ліки

to carry out — виконувати

prescription — приписи, рецепт

ward — палата

to examine — оглядати (хворого)

ward nurse — палатна сестра

condition — стан

to prescribe — приписувати, призначувати

injection — ін’єкція

bed-patient — лежачий хворий

sitting patient — сидячий хворий

up-patient — ходячий хворий

in-patient — стаціонарний хворий

out-patient — амбулаторний хворий

AT THE HOSPITAL

This hospital is new and modern. It is well-planned, four-story building. It has all the modern conveniences. This hospital houses many departments. There are cardiological, pulmonological, gastroenterological and other departments.

The working day at the hospital begins at 6 o’clock in the morning. First of all the nurses take the patients’ temperature and write it down in temperature charts. They fulfill the doctors’ prescriptions. They give injections and medicines, apply mustard plasters, make compresses and others. They open the windows and air the wards. Each ward nurse tells the doctor about her patients.

Every day the doctors in charge make the morning round. They examine the patients and talk with them. Every doctor listens to their hearts and lungs, palpates the abdominal parts, feels their pulse, checks blood pressure and others. He makes the diagnosis and prescribes the treatment to every patient. The doctor gives advice and takes care about the patients.

Ex. 2. Answer the questions

1. What kind of hospital it is?

2. What departments are there in this hospital?

3. What do the nurses do at the hospital?

4. What do the doctors in charge do every day?

5. What does every doctor do during the examination of the patients?

Ex. 3. Are the sentences true or false? Correct false statements.

l. Many doctors and nurses work at a hospital.

2. First of all the nurses begin to give the patients medicine.

З.Тhе doctors air wards.

4. The doctors usually examine the patients in the morning.

5. Every nurse tells the doctor about the patients' condition.

6. Nurses make the morning round.

7. The doctor doesn't prescribe treatment to the patients.

 

Ex. 4.. Match the words from the left column with the words from the right one.

1. out-patient	a) hospital
2. children's	b) centre
3. isolation	c) resort
4. health	d) hospital
5. medical	e) institution
6. mental	f) clinic
7. prophylactic	g) department

 

Visiting a Doctor When You Are Sick

When you are sick, you go to a doctor. The doctor may ask many questions. How do you feel? When do you feel worse? Where does it hurt? Then the doctor conducts your check-up. During a check-up, the doctor examines your body. After the check-up, the doctor talks about a treatment. The treatment is what you can do to become well again.

Visiting a Doctor When You Are Not Sick

Sometimes you go to a doctor when you are not sick. You go to a doctor for a check-up. During a check-up the doctor learns much about your body. Your eyes, ears, nose, mouth, and throat are also checked. The doctor listens to your heart and lungs.

The doctor writes down all the facts about your check-up. Your records are kept in the office. These records help the doctor treat you when you are sick.

Ex. 5. Answer the questions.

l. The doctor asks many questions, doesn’t she? 2. What does treatment mean? 3. What does the doctor try to find out? 4. Can we go to the doctor when we are not sick? 5. What organs are checked? 6.Does the doctor write all the facts about your check-up? 7. What questions might the doctor ask during a check­-up?

Ex. 6. Give the Ukrainian equivalents to the English word-combnations:

to be in good health, to restore one's health, to build up one's health, to be in poor (bad) health, to protect one's health, to injure one's health;healthy lifestyle; healthy food;oral health;

Give the English equivalents:

поправити здоров'я, охороняти здоров'я, бути здоровим, бути хворим;відновлювати здоров'я, завдати шкоди здо­ров'ю.

 

Ex. 7. Fill In the blanks with the suitable words: ill, to be taken ill, sick, to feel sick:

1. When people are... and have a high temperature we say they are in a high fever. 2. The nurse gave the medicine to the... man who sat up in bed to take it. 3. When I go on board a ship or a boat, I.... 4. He was suddenly.... 5. There's nothing pleasant than being... when you are away from home.

 

Ex. 8. Translate the following sentences:

1. First of ail I shall prescribe you some drugs.

2. This mixture is for your cough.

3. I'll put you on a sick-leave.

4. Gargle your throat several times.

5. Apply cupping-glasses and mustard plasters on your back.

6. Your lungs should be X-rayed.

Ex. 9. Carry out the following exercises and memorize the doctor's instructions:

a) Read the doctor's instructions to his patient:

1. Stay in your bed for some days.

2. Apply mustard plasters andcupping-glasses.

3. Gargle your throat.

4. Take hot tea with raspberry jam.

b) Give instructions to your patient using the verbs in the Imperative form:

1. To apply cupping-glasses every other day.

2. To take hot tea with raspberry jam.

3. To stay in your bed for 2—3 days.

4. To gargle your throat.

5. To come to me next week.

 

THE PASSIVE VOICE

The Passive Voice

To be + III форма дієслова

(змінюється (1) правильні дієслова основа + ask — asked

за часами, 2) неправильні дієслова по таблиці

особами, третя колонка: write — written

числами)

 

 

Subject	Verb	Object	Agent
Active	The mayor	opened	the new hospital
Passive	The new hospital	was opened	-	by the mayor

 

	Active voice	Passive voice
Present Simple	They write tests (вони пишуть тести)	Tests are written (тести пишуть)
Past Simple	They wrote tests yesterday (писали)	Tests were written yesterday (писали)
Future Simple	They will write tests (будуть писати)	Tests will be written (будуть писати)
Present Continious	They are writing a test now (пишуть)	Tests are being written now (пишуть)
Past Continious	They were writing a test at 10.00 (писали)	Tests were written at 10.00 (писали)
Present Perfect	They have written a test (написали)	Tests have been written (були написані)
Past Perfect	They had written a test by 12.00 (написали до 12.00)	Tests had been written by 12.00 (були написані до 12.00)
Future Perfect	They will have written a test by 12.00 (напишуть до 12.00)	Tests will have been written by 12.00 (будуть написані до 12.00)
Present Infinitive	They should write tests (їм слід написати тести)	Tests should be written (тести слід написати)
Perfect Infinitive	They should have written a test (їм слід було написати)	Tests should have been written (тести слід було написати)
-ing form	I know students writing tests (я знаю, що студенти пишуть тести)	I know tests being written by them (я знаю що тести пишуться ними)
Perfect –ing form	Having written tests they… (написавши тести, вони...)	Tests having been written… (після того, як тести були написані...)
Modals + be + P.P.	They must write tests (вони повинні написати)	Tests must be written (тести повинні бути написані)

СПР №10. Fill in: