C. Look at the two opinions below. Which one do you most agree with?

a 'If the victim of hacking is a business, they can lose important data. There can be serious losses because of that. People like Mitnick deserve to go to prison.' - The public prosecutor in Mitnick's case

b Mitnick isn't a thief or a terrorist, he's a recreational hacker. He didn't do it for economic gain or damage anything.' - Mitnick's lawyer, Donald Randolph

 

 

TEXT XIV. NET PIRATES

Reading & speaking

A. Match the words on the left with the definitions on the right.

download. computer programs

file-sharing the physical and electronic parts of a computer

hardware transfer a file from one computer to another using the Internet

swap exchange one thing for another

software allowing other people to copy files from your computer

(usually music, films or programs)

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B. Answer the questions and then read the article to see if you are right.

True or false? It's possible...

a to get free copies of songs from the Internet.

b to go to prison for sharing your collection of music.

с to stop people exchanging computer files illegally.

d to create your own collections of songs on a CD.

e to stop piracy by selling CDs for less money.

 

 

PIRACY ON THE NET

The Recording Industry Association of America - the RIAA - now takes legal action against people in the USA who swap music over the Internet. 'Net pirates' use their computers and special software like Kazaa to exchange music and films over the Internet. This is illegal and the RIAA says that this 'file-sharing' costs the music industry millions of dollars every year. People can download music without paying so they don't buy CDs in the shops.

The policy of the RIAA means that in the USA you can go to prison for offering music illegally on theInternet, but some experts think that you can't stop file-sharing. In a report for the US Association for Computing Machinery, four Microsoft scientists say that the systems for exchanging music like Kazaa, E-donkey or WinMX are here to stay. They say that trying to stop people using them is a waste of time and money.

The other problem for the music industry is that the hardware for making copies of CDs is very cheap. People can now make copies of CDs very easily and they can also create CDs with their own selections of favourite music, and then share them with their friends. Systems to prevent copying often don't work. In the end, perhaps the only way record companies can compete is by making music easy to obtain and cheap to buy.

 

 

LANGUAGE REVIEW

Present simple and present continuous

Present simple

Form

+ I/You/We/They work. He/She/It works.

- I/You/We/They don't work. He/She/It doesn't work.

? Do I/you/we/they work? Does he/she/it work?

Uses

1 We use the present simple to:

• give factual information about permanent activities.

Valentino makes luxury chocolates.

• describe a state that doesn't change. He looks like his father.

Nothing succeeds like success.

• talk about routine activities, repeated actions or habits.

 

 

2 This use of the present simple is associated with adverbs of frequency.

We usually have our weekly sales meeting on Mondays.

I often travel abroad on business.

We sometimes get complaints, but not many.

3 Verbs that describe permanent states or situations are used in the present simple, not with -ing.

What do you mean? (NOT *What are you meaning?)

The decision involves taking a risk. (NOT *The decision is involving...)

The premises don't belong to them. (NOT *The premises aren't belonging...)

He doesn't remember her name. (NOT *He isn't remembering...)

Present continuous

Form

+ I am going.

He/She/It is going. You/We/They are going.

-I am not going. He/She/It is not going. You/We/They are not going.

? Am I going? Is he/she/it going? Are you/we/they going?

Uses

We use the present continuous to:

• describe activities in progress at the moment of speaking.

She's talking to him on the phone right now.

• describe temporary situations.

The delegation is staying at the Hilton until Friday.

• refer to future arrangements

He's starting a new job next week.

• describe changing situations.

We're developing a new marketing strategy.

EXERCISES

1 Match the examples with the rules below.

1 Lynn runs the office of Frognation.

2 Video game sales are sky-rocketing at the moment.

3 Lynn frequently travels to Japan for meetings.

4 Lynn is working at home this week.

Use the present simple to describe:

a regular or routine activities

b permanent or long-term situations

Use the present continuous to describe:

с something happening now

d a temporary situation

 

Choose the correct alternatives in italics.

1 We usually use the present simple / continuous with these expressions:

normally every day often sometimes frequently

2 We usually use the present simple / continuous with these expressions:

at the moment now this week currently

 

 

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Choose the correct verb forms in italics to complete the text.

We're all accountants and we work/ I are working for a telecommunications company in the finance department. We sit / are sitting at our PCs in the office every day and check / are checking the invoices and payments. But this week is different: we attend/ I are attending a training course. The company currently changes / is currently changing to a new accounting system, and this week, we learn / are learning all about it. So at the moment, we stay I are staying at a big hotel in the mountains. It's wonderful! When we're at home, we usually spend / are spending the evenings cooking and cleaning for our families. But here, there's an excellent restaurant and we can relax and have a laugh together.

 

Match each sentence with the meaning expressed by its verb.

1 TransChem employs 2,560 people.

2 Ms Dubois is replacing Phil as Sales Manager till October.

3 We are improving our services to meet the needs of a much wider range of customers.

4 We are opening our sixth subsidiary next month.

5 We need a different set of skills to address our company's challenges.

6 We observe our customers' reactions carefully.

a) temporary situation

b) future arrangement

c) ongoing situation

d) routine activity

e) factual information

f) verb usually used only

in the present simple

 

Correct the three sentences that use the wrong form of the verb.

1 Our company looks for a new Marketing Manager.

2 We rarely raise our prices by more than 3%.

3 We are bringing marketing and sales resources closer to customers.

4 Our largest subsidiary, based in Ottawa, is going through a difficult period.

5 This year, all our sales staff learn French.

6 At the moment, we are not knowing the profit figures.

 

Complete the text with verbs from the box. Use either the present simple or present continuous tense.

Co-ordinate attend go have know prepare speak think travel

Sofia Grammatopoulos is Marketing Manager at Kayavis Food & Wine S.A., an expanding medium-sized business in Thessaloniki. She -------------------- the

work of a team of three people. Kayavis ----------------------- distributors in eleven

countries in Europe and America, so Sofia often -------------------- abroad. Next

week, she ----------------------- to Canada to visit their new retail outlet. She--------------

Greek, English, and Danish. At the moment she -----------------------

an intensive German course because the owner of Kayavis ------------------------- of

opening a shop and a large restaurant in Munich.

Sofia ------------------------- that she will have to work in Germany for six months, so she ------------------------ herself for her new assignment as best as she can.

Make questions for these answers. All the information is in the text in exercise C.

1 What does Sofia do?.. She co-ordinates the work of a team of three people.

2 ----------------------------------------- Eleven.

3----------------------------------------- Next week.

4---------------------------------------- To visit their new retail outlet.

5---------------------------------------- Greek, English and Danish.

6----------------------------------------- Because she will have to work in Germany.

7---------------------------------------- In Munich.

 

 

Choose the correct variant.

1. All the guides here speak/are speaking at least two foreign languages, because a lot of foreign tourists come/are coming every year.

2. Look! The meeting starts/is starting. We'd better go in.

3. I work/am working for Midmark, a firm that makes/is making medical equipment.

4. I go/am going to the supermarket. Do you want anything?

5. The train is arriving/arrives at 7 a.m.

6. They always make noise/are making noise next door.

7. Our meetings usually are starting/start at 4 p.m.

8. When a company is not successful, it is going/goes out of business.

9. I work/am working overtime this week.

10. Tom is a very reliable person, everybody is trusting/trusts him.

11. He usually is coming/comes to his office on time.

12. The sun is setting/sets in the West.

13. Great Britain becomes/is becoming more popular as a location for international business.

14. He earns/is earning over $ 20,000 a year.

15. People often spend/are spending a lot of their money on cigarettes.