II. Imagine today's the Grand Tour. In your opinion, what would be the reasons to continue studying in Europe? Use the expressions below.

For example: I think, studying abroad is the optimal way to learn a language.

As for me It seems to me To my opinion I think I can’t say for sure, but I suppose Personally, I believe that From my point of view In my view/ opinion As far as I know I guess

studying abroad

provides allows you affords you will help you is the better way to gets to gives you an opportunity

to promote personal growth to improve/perfect language skills to provide the opportunity to travel to expand your world view to give you new ideas and perspectives to reconsider your own beliefs and values know another culture first-hand develop your skills to break out the monotony of the routine new experiences to discover new strengths and abilities to conquer new challenges to solve new problems to make friends around the world

PART 4 THE MODERN HISTORY OF TRAVEL

VOCABULARY

Read and memorize the following words

to lure

to escape

countryside _n

pace _n

to catalyse

destination _n

entrepreneur _n

to indulge

raw _n

to enhance

chain _n

terminus _n

to follow

first hand

at first hand

to arouse

curiosity _n

well off

scale _n

private

to proliferate

surplus _n

aircraft, airline _n

aid _{n, v}

expansion _n

steadily

jet _n

flight _n

to boost

seat _n

to bring down

sharply

initial

spot _n

corresponding

to diversity

to flock

volume _n

to occur

emergence _n

COMMENTS

Package tour – a tour arranged by a travel agent; transposition and food & lodging are all provided at an inclusive price

To charter – to rent a vehicle, especially an aircraft, for a special use and not as part of a regular service

Motoring – the act of driving an automobile travelling in a car

Domestic tourism – is the activity of people visiting destinations within their own country’s boundaries

Annual – occurring once a year

Meditation – continuous and profound contemplation on a subject of a deep or abstruse nature

MNC – a multinational corporation that manages production or delivers services in more than one country

LANGUAGE FOCUS

We form most adverbs by adding –ly to the adjective: sharp – sharply. Adjectives ending in –le form adverbs by changing –le to –ly: simple – simply. Adjectives ending in –y form adverbs by changing –y to –ily: easy – easily. Adjectives ending in –ic form adverbs by adding –ally: tragic – tragically.

WORD STUDY

I. Make the correct adverb form of adjective

Initial – …, normal – …, private – …, steady – …, annual – …, special – …, regular – …, active – …, increasing – …, automatic – …, common – …, frank – …, personal – …, hard – …, wide – …, comfortable – …, natural – …, actual – …, general – …, ostensible – …, gradual – …, heroic – …, careful – …, original – …, occasion – …, possible – …, usual – …, real – …, diplomatic – …, direct – ….

II. Make up derivatives

verb	noun	adjective
organize
		corresponding
diversify
	meditation
	flight
mean
expand
	introduction
	occurrence

III. Match the words with their definitions

curiosity n	is a vehicle which is able to fly
first hand	belonging to some particular person
private	the gradual beginning or coming forth
aircraft n	a desire to know or learn
emergence n	to gather or go in a crowd
to flock	something obtained directly from the original source

IV. Match the word from A with its synonym from B

A	B
to boost	to vary
to occur	help n
to diversify	through
airline n	site n
scale n	to increase
surplus n	airway
aid n	to take place
spot n	internal
domestic	degree n
across	excess n

 

V. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word from the box in the right form

to lure countryside to follow to indulge hotel enhance industrial destination (x2)

 

1. France’s civilization, history and way of life … travellers from everywhere.

2. Philippine travel … guide gives you an overview of popular tourist spots in the Philippines.

3. Our Alliance works for everyone who loves the … and the rural way of life.

4. Deland … in South Beach Miami is ultimate world-class urban resort and self-contained …, a haven of relaxation.

5. What rules should tourists … to protect the Earth.

6. Can tourism … cultural integration?

7. During leisure time, guests can swim in the heated indoor pool or … in a spa treatment.

8. Before the … revolution tourism was open only to the aristocracy and the wealthy merchant class.

READING

TEXT 1 Role of the industrial revolution in promoting travel in the west

The rapid urbanisation due to industrialisation led to mass immigration in cities. These people were lured into travel to escape their environment to places of natural beauty, often to the countryside they had come from change of routine from a physically and psychologically stressful jobs to a leisurely pace in countryside.

 

TEXT 2 Highlights of travel in the nineteenth century

· Advent of railway initially catalysed business travel and later leisure travel. Gradually special trains were chartered to only take leisure travel to their destinations.

· Package tours organised by entrepreneurs such as Thomas Cook.

· The European countries indulged in a lot of business travel often to their colonies to buy raw material and sell finished goods.

· The invention of photography acted as a status-enhancing tool and promoted overseas travel.

· The formation of first hotel chains; pioneered by the railway companies who established great railway terminus hotels.

· Seaside resorts began to develop different images as for day-trippers, elite, for gambling.

· Other types of destinations-ski resorts, hill stations, mountaineering spots etc.

· The technological development in steamships promoted travel between North America and Europe.

· The Suez Canal opened direct sea routes to India and the Far East.

· The cult of the guidebook followed the development of photography.

TEXT 3 Tourism in the Twentieth Century

The First World War gave first-hand experience of countries and aroused a sense of curiosity about international travel among less well off sector for the first time. The large scale of migration to the US meant a lot of travel across the Atlantic. Private motoring began to encourage domestic travel in Europe and the west. The sea side resort became annual family holiday destination in Britain and increased in popularity in other countries of the west. Hotels proliferated in these destinations.

ACTIVITIES