С. З'єднайте лініями американські і англійські еквіваленти.

subway	return ticket
cab	shopassistant
apartment	company
corporation	autumn
downtown	petrol
highway	city centre
attorney	underground
baggage	time-table
soccer	luggage
railroad	taxi
round-trip ticket	football
salesman	railway
ticket-office	motorway
one-way ticket	lawyer
fall	flat
gas	single ticket
schedule	booking office
D. З'єднайте лініями абревіатури і відповідні їм значення:
Nb	the same
i.e.	compare
eg-	against
p.a.	important note
q.v.	that is
cf.	regarding
v.s.	this year
p.m.	for example
v.v.	for and on behalf of
re	reference
vs.	see above
h.a.	after noon
id.	with the terms reversed
PP	for each year
ref.	conversely

Питання для самоконтролю:

Реферативна робота: Створення індивідуального словника професійно-орієнтованої термінології по спеціальності «Обслуговування програмних систем і комплексів»(100-500лексичних одиниць)

 

Оцінка________________ Викладач____________________

САМОСТІЙНА РОБОТА № 7

 

Дисципліна: «Іноземна мова за професійним спрямуванням»

Тема для самостійного опрацювання: Сучасний світ науки і технологій. Використання комп’ютерів(4 год.)

 

Література: Карпусь І.А. «Английский деловой язык»; Письменная О.А. «Английский для офиса»; Деловой английский. English for business; Богацкий И.С., Дюканова Н.М. Бизнес-курс английского языка; двомовний англо-український, українсько-англійський словник

О.М.Павліченко «Граматичний практикум».

Завдання для самостійної роботи:

1. Групова проектна робота: З історії розвитку інформаційних технологій

2.Приступити до виконання завдань, що подані у вигляді вправ

 

Вправи:

Exercise 1. Read and translate the texts. Get some information about the history of computers.

 

The First Computer

 

Nothing epitomizes modern life better than the computer. For better or worse, computers have infiltrated every aspect of our society. Today computers do much more than simply compute: scanners in supermarkets calculate our grocery bill while keeping store inventory; computerized telephone switching centers play traffic cop to millions of calls and keep lines of communication untangled, etc.

But everything started in 1940s with the onset of the Second World War when the rapidly advancing field of electronic computer in 1946 at the University of Pennsylvania. That device contained 18,000 vacuum tubes and had a speed of several hundred multiplications per minute. Its program was wired into the processor and had to be manually altered. This way the first generations of computers appeared.

Governments sought to develop computers to exploit their potential strategic importance. This increased funding for computer development projects hastened technical progress. In fact, the first generation computers were characterized by the fact that each computer had a different binary-coded program called a machine language that told it how to operate. This made the computer difficult to program and limited its versatility and speed. Other distinctive features of first generating computers were the use of vacuum tube and magnetic drums for data storage.

 

The Computer’s Development

 

By 1948, the invention of the transistors greatly changed the computer’s development. The use of the transistor greatly changed the computer’s development. The use of the transistor in computer began in the late 1950s. It marked the advent of smaller, faster elements than it was possible to create with the use of vacuum-tube machines. As a result, the size of electronic machinery has been shrinking ever since. Coupled with early advances in magnetic –core memory, transistors led to second generation computers that were a number of commercially successful second generation computers used in business, universities, and government.

Jack Kilby, an American engineer, developed the integrated circuit in 1958. The integrated circuit combined three electronic components onto a small silicon disc which was made from quartz. Scientists later managed to fit even more components on a single chip, called a semiconductor. As a result, computers became ever smaller as more components were squeezed onto the chip. They were computers of the third generation. Another third-generation developed included the use of an operating system that allowed machines to run many different programs at once with a central program that monitored and coordinated the computer’s memory.

 

Exercise 2. Project work: From the history of computers.

 

Методичні рекомендації:

Підбираючи інформацію, звернути увагу на ступінь адаптації текстового матеріалу. Не використовувати застарілі дані. Оскільки тема досить широка, поставити перед собою чітку мету і опрацювати конкретний напрямок, який представляється найцікавішим або найбільш значуваним. Результати оформити в вигляді реферату або проекту.

Над проектом працює група від двох до чотирьох студентів. Матеріал підбирати самостійно, потім оговорити і включити у проект найкраще. Підготувати усний захист у довільній формі.

Оформляючи реферат, звернути увагу на відповідність до вимог оформлення рефератів. Вказати джерела інформації (відповідні сайти інтернету). Бути готовим до переказу змісту реферату англійською мовою.

Оцінювання проектної роботи проводиться з урахуванням інформаційної насиченості, оформлення і захисту роботи. Додаткові бали додаються за нестандартні і творчий підхід до підготовки проекту.

 

 

Оцінка________________ Викладач____________________

 

 

САМОСТІЙНА РОБОТА №8

 

Дисципліна: «Іноземна мова за професійним спрямуванням»

Тема для самостійного опрацювання: Сучасне комп’ютерне забезпечення(4год.)

Література: Карпусь І.А. «Английский деловой язык»; Письменная О.А. «Английский для офиса»; Деловой английский. English for business; Богацкий И.С., Дюканова Н.М. Бизнес-курс английского языка; двомовний англо-український, українсько-англійський словник

О.М.Павліченко «Граматичний практикум».

Завдання для самостійної роботи:

1. Реферативна робота про розвиток інформаційних технологій

2.Приступити до виконання завдань, що подані у вигляді вправ

Вправи:

Exercise 1. Read and translate the texts. Get some information about modern computers.

 

Modern Computer Generation

 

After the invention of integrated circuits, the only place to go was down – in size. In 1981, IBM introduced its personal computer for use in the office, home and schools. The 1980s saw an expansion in computer use, made the personal computer even more affordable. The number of personal computers in use doubled in 1982. Ten years later, 65 million PCs were being used. Computers continued their trend toward a smaller size, working their way down from desktop to laptop computers, which are able to fit inside a breast pocket. In direct competition with IBM’s PC was Apple’s Macintosh line, introduced in 1984. Notable for its user-friendly design, Macintosh offered an operating system that allowed users to move screen icons instead of typing instructions. Users controlled the screen cursor using a mouse, a device that mimicked the movement of one’s hand on the computer screen.

Defining the fifth generation of computers is somewhat difficult because the field is in its infancy. Using recent engineering advanced, computers may be able to accept spoken word instructions and imitate human reasoning. The ability to translate a foreign language is also a major goal of fifth generation computers. Computers today have some attributes of fifth generation computers.

In fact, the fifth generation of computers is the beginning of artificial intelligence.

 

The Digital Computer’s Era

 

There probably isn’t an area of human endeavor that has evolved as rapidly as computing technology has over the last 30 years. Along with that, we’ve also undergone some significant changes in terms of our understanding if the applications and effects of computing technologies.

On November, 15 1971 the first microprocessor, the 4004, developed be Marcian E. Hoff for Intel, was released. It contains the equivalent of 2300 transistors and was a 4 bit processor. It was running at a clock rate of 108 Khz. This day became the beginning of the digital computer’s era. Next year 8008 processor released by Intel itself. The great work just began and in 30 years we have 64-bit computers running at a clock rate of 3.5 Ghz. The increase in raw processing speed over this time is striking.

Digital computer is an electronic device that can receive a set of instructions that also is called a program, and then carry out them. Computers were invented last century and spread a lot for the last 30 years. Modern digital computers are all conceptually similar, regardless of size. Nevertheless, the can be divided into several categories on the basis of cost and performance. The first one is the personal computer or microcomputer, a relatively low-cost machine usually of desk-top size, some, called laptops, are small enough to fit in a briefcase. The second is the workstation, a microcomputer with enhanced graphics and communications capabilities that make it especially useful for office work; and the server computers, a large expensive machine with the capability of serving the needs of major business enterprises, government, departments, and scientific research establishments. The largest and fastest of these are called supercomputers.