Артиклі в назвахдеякихкраїн, націй, жителівкраїн і мов

 

Назвакраїни	Прикметник	Національність	Жителікраїни	Назвамови
Belgium	Belgian	a Belgian	theBelgians	Dutch, French, German
Britain / England / Great Britain / the UK	British / English	a Brition a Brit a Britisher anEnglishman (Englishwoman)	the British Britions Britisher the English Englishmen	English
Chile	Chilean	a Chilean	theChileans	Spanish
Cyprus	Cyprian	a Cypriote	theCyprians	Greek, Turkish
Denmark	Danish	a Dane	theDanish / (the) Danes	Danish
Finland	Finnish	a Finn	theFinnish / Finns	Finnish
France	French	a Frenchman a Frenchwoman	theFrench / Frenchmen	French
Holland / theNetherlands	Dutch	a Dutchman a Dutchwoman	theDutch / Dutchmen	Dutch
Iraq (Irak)	Iraqi	anIraqi	theIraqi	Arabic / Kurdish
Israel	Israeli	anIsraeli	theIsraelis	Hebrew
thePhilippines	Filipino	a Filipino	(the) Filipinos	Filipino (Tagalog)
Poland	Polish	a Pole	(the) Poles	Polish
Russia	Russian	a Russian	(the) Russians	Russian
Scotland	Scottish / Scotch	a Scot / a Scotsman (Scotswoman)	(the) Scots	Scottish
Spain	Spanish	a Spaniard (a Spanish woman)	the Spanish	Spanish
the Sudan	Sudanese / Sudani	a Sudanese / a Sudani	the Sudanese / the Sudani	Arabic
Sweden	Swedish	a Swede	the Swedish / (the) Swedes	Swedish
Switzerland	Swiss	a Swiss	the Swiss	German, French, Italian
Thailand	Thai	a Thai	the Thais	Thai
Turkey	Turkish	a Turk	(the) Turks	Turkish
Ukraine	Ukrainian	a Ukrainian	(the) Ukrainians	Ukrainian
the USA / America	American	an American	(the) Americans	English
Zimbabwe	Zimbabwean	the Zimbabwean	the Zimbabwean	English

 

 

Артиклі з іменниками, що означають часові поняття, назви періоду доби, днів тижня, місяців, пір року і свят

 

Без артикля	А	The
Загальнезначення	Описовевизначення	Лімітованевизначеннячи контекст
Monday is always a bad day.	It was a very hectic Monday	The Monday you are speaking about was tiring.
We'll wait till night and then call the police.	I could never imagine such an awful night.	We stayed at the motel for the night.
We get good crops of apples in autumn.	We are having a wonderful autumn this year.	The autumn in Colorado was long and wet.
Особливостівживання
at dawn, at midnight, before morning, by day, in winter, on Tuesday, on New Year's day, in March, every other day, day after day, from morning till night next week, last year	in a day a week from today a fortnightfromtomorrow	in th evening, in the morning, the other morning, the day after tomorrow, the following day, the year after next, in the past, in the future, in the end, in the 19th century, in the holidays, at the moment
Артиклі з назвамиприйомуїжі
Без артикля	А	The
Загльнезначення	Описовевизначення	Лімітованевизначеннячи контекст
Dinner is served.   Let's have lunch.	That was a very nice dinner. We had a late lunch.	Soon the dinner was served. I was not invited to the formal dinner.
	Взначенні «порція»: to have a meal to have a drink to have a snack
	В значенні «прийом гостей, вечір, вечірка»: We met him at a public dinner.
	He couldn't afford in a cheap cafe.

 

 

Артиклі з особовимиіменами

Без артикля	A	The
GeorgeBush PresidentBush	В значенні «хтосьізсім’ї»: He was a Bush and wanted to become president.	В значенні «члени однієїсім’ї»: The Bushes are coming to this dinner.
АЛЕ: There are many Wilsons, Smiths and Browns in England. (значення просто множини)
MrSmith Linda	Взначенні «хтось»: A Mr Smith left a message for you. A Lindacalled.	Взначенні «визначенаособа»: He’s the Smith I met last night. Linda at 45 was still the Linda of 20.
David Beckham Alice in Wonderland	При вказівці на риси, якіасоціюються з кимось: Jack plays football well, but he’ll never be a Beckham. She felt like an Alice in Wonderland.
SalvadorDali ChristianDior	Зціллювказівки на авторські твори: The art dealer agreed to buy a Dali. She wants to wear a Dior this time.
Артиклізіменниками bed, hospital, church, school, class, college, court, market, prison, university
Без артикля	A/The
Якщоціпредмети і закладивикористовуються за призначенням	Якщо вони означають просто місце
My father is in hospital (налікуванні) He was taken to hospital after the heart attack. (з метою лікування)	I saw my father in the hospital. (уприміщеннілікарні) This is a new hospital. (приміщення)
The children are in school now, and my mother is in church.	It’s an old school. There’s a meeting at the school at 7 o’cloc.
	АЛЕ: at a/the office/factory, cathedral, mosque

 

 

Артиклі з іменникамиуфункції прикладки

 

A	The	Без артикля
Ізобчислюваними іменниками в однині	Зіменемвідомоїперсони, при наявностілімітованоговизначеннячи контексту	При зазначенніна посаду чипропозицію, яку можезаймати одна людина: president, head, author, minister
D.H. Lawrence, an author from Nottingham, wrote a book called ‘Lady Chatterley’s Lover’. (авторможебутиневідомим) My friend, a dentist, works long hours.	D.H. Lawrence, the author of ‘Lady Chatterley’s Lover’, died in 1930. (ім’яавторавідомобагатьом) Miss Hicks, the supervising nurse, is coming to see you.	D.H. Lawrence, author of ‘Lady Chatterley’s Lover’, died in 1930. (ім’яавторавідомозагалу) Mrs Banks, Head of Logistics, is from Toronto.
	АЛЕ: The prime minister is fond of dogs. (мовайде про людину, а не її посаду)	Mr Blair, prime minister of England, has arrived in Paris.
	the painter Rubens the playwright Pinter the calculating Becky the Emperor Napoleon	АЛЕ: Queen Anne Pope Benedict President Lincoln DoctorHouse
		Іменники, якіозначаютьофіційну посаду, в функціїпредикативутакожвживаються без артикля: HecametoKyivwhenhewasMinisterofDefense.

 

 

Артиклі з іменниками в словосполученнях з прийменниками

Прийменники	A	Без артикля	The
from	не вживається	from memory from day to day fromscratch	from the cradle from the stable fromthewordgo
in	in a mess in a minute in a whisper	in debt in tears in comfort	in the egg in the end inthe couds
on	on a bet on a diet on a leash	on time on strike on reflection	on the hour on the radio ontheway
with	with a nod with a heavy heart with a bounce	with smiles with good grace with kid gloves	with the word with the colors withtheexceptionof
like	like a dream like a brother like a king	like beans, like show business, like clock-work	likethewind
as	as brave as a lion as fit as a fiddle as mad as a hatter	as good as gold as hard as nails assafeashouses	as the crow files as good as the first time
by	by a majority by a hair by a closeshave	by post by degrees by credit card	by the way by the head and ears bythedozen
at	at a profit at a glance at a moment’snotice	at sea at first hand at pains	at the cross-roads at the moment attheweekend
for	for a walk for a change for a rainyday	for sale for fun for starters	for the record for the rest for the time being

 

 

Артиклівмісцевихзворотахіззначенням «цілетайогочастина»

A/TheNoun + of + Noun

 

Здійснимиіменниками	a bit of chalk – two bits of chalk a roll of paper a can of beer a kilo of sugar a grain of rice
Знеобчислюваними абстрактнимиіменниками	an item of news – some items of news a branch of knowledge a period of calm a piece of research a vase of flower
Зіменниками в множині	a book of stamps – ten books of stamps a cartoon of cigarettes a box of matches a tin of sardines a vase of flowers
Зназвами ігор	a game of football- many games of football a game of chess a game of billiards
Зназвамипарнихпредметів і одягу	a pair of gloves – two pairs of gloves a pair of jeans a pair of skates
Знеобчислюваними іменниками і обчислюваними іменниками в однині в значенні«тип, сорт, вид будь-чого»	a type of cloth – some types of cloth a brand of soap a sort of cake a species of insect a kind of friendship