Ex. 4 Grammar focus 7. Simple Tenses (Passive Voice).

a)

Present	Past	Future
am, is, are + V I am often asked about it. Меня часто спрашивают об этом. Are you often asked about it? Yes, I am. Вас часто спрашивают об этом? Да. I am not often asked about it. Меня не часто спрашивают об этом.	was, were + V I was asked about it yesterday. Меня спрашивали об этом вчера. Were you asked about it yesterday? Yes, I was. Вас спрашивали об этом вчера? Да. I was not (wasn’t) asked about it yesterday. Меня не спрашивали об этом вчера.	will be + V I will be asked about it tomorrow. Меня спросят об этом завтра. Will they be asked about it tomorrow? Yes, they will. Их спросят об этом завтра? Да. They will not (won’t) be asked about it. Их не спросят об этом.

b) Read the sentences and identify the underlined tense-forms. Pay attention to the usage of Passive Voice.

Model: The academic year at Oxford University runs from October to June. (runs-Present Simple Active).

1. The Ural State Law Academy was founded in 1931.

2. The academic year is divided into 2 terms.

3. After graduating from our Academy the graduates will receive Bachelor’s degrees if they complete a four-year program successfully.

4. The Academy trains judges, prosecutors, jurisconsults, customs officials and other lawyers.

5. During the academic year the students are given lectures on different subjects.

6. At the end of the semester the students will have tests and exams.

7. The students who will complete a six-year program will be awarded master’s degree.

 

Ex. 5 Choose the correct grammar form of the verb.

1. Students (provide / are provided) with hostels, well-equipped laboratories and libraries.

2. The student’s progress (evaluates / is evaluated) by means of tests and examinations in each course.

3. Theory is usually (accompanies / accompanied) by practical training.

4. The programmes are (elaborated / elaborate) in accordance with the State Educational Standards.

5. The Bachelor’s Degree (awards / is awarded) after successful completion of 4 years’ full-time study.

6. Citizens of Russia have the right to education which (guarantees / is guaranteed) by the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

7. The academic year at Oxford University (divides / is divided) into three terms.

 

Ex. 6 Make the sentences negative.

Model: They will translate this text in class. They will not (won’t) translate this text in class.

1. She liked to work in the evenings.

2. They finished their experiment yesterday.

3. He often works at the English laboratory.

4. The students attend lectures and seminars every day.

5. They will go on vacation to the Crimea.

 

Ex. 7 Put wh -questions to the words given in bold type.

Model: We discussed the plan for the second term at the meeting.

Where did you discuss the plan for the second term?

1. The best students receive scholarships.

2. He didn’t follow my advice.

3.They will play football after the classes.

4. The seminar will take place on Monday.

5. My friend works at the district court.

6. The students went to the canteen after the lecture.

Ex. 8 Put the verbs in brackets into the Present, the Past or Future Simple Tense Active(A) or Passive(B).

A. Model: We always consult a dictionary when we (to translate) texts.

We always consult a dictionary when we translate texts.

1. My friend (to pass) admission examinations to the University last month.

2. He (to study) at the Law Department now.

3. She (to graduate) from the University and become a lawyer in five years.

4. The meeting (to begin) at 10.00 a.m.

5. They (to participate) in a sport competition last week.

B. Model: He (to invite) to our place yesterday.

He was invited to our place yesterday.

1. This article (to publish) in the law journal some days ago.

2. The letter (to post) tomorrow.

3. The report (to deliver) by her next seminar.

4. He (to ask) to come later.

5. English (to speak) all over the world.

 

Text 1

Higher Education in Russia

Pre-reading task: Scan the text and answer the questions:

1. What is higher education guaranteed and ensured by?

2. What is the higher school admission based on?

3. What are the levels of higher education?

4. What are the requirements for getting the first study degree?

5. What do the programs of higher education include?

6. What fields is the Bachelor’s degree awarded in?

Citizens of Russia have the right to education which is guaranteed by the Constitution and ensured by the broad development of compulsory secondary education, vocational, specialized secondary and higher education, extramural, correspondence and evening courses, also by the provisions of state scholarships, grants and privileges of students.

Higher education is provided by public and non-public (non-state) accredited higher educational institutions/tertiary such as universities, academies and institutes covering a wide range of fields of study.

Higher school entrance is based on the results of the Uniform State Exam usually on three subjects, passed at schools. These subjects are: mathematics, history, the Russian language and the Russian literature.

According to the two level educational system, we have:

· basic higher education -4 years of full time university level study, leading to the Bakalavr’s degree (equivalent to the Bachelor’s degree in the UK and western countries);

· postgraduate higher education - 2 years. After two years of studying post-graduates are entitled to receive the Magistr’s degree (this is equivalent to the Master’s degree in the UK or European countries). After getting the Master’s degree students can continue to study towards the doctoral degree: Kandidat Nauk degree (the first level, equivalent to Ph. D) and Doctor Nauk degree (the second highest level, equivalent to Doctor of Sciences).

These programs include professional and special courses in science, the humanities and social-economic disciplines, professional training, completion of a research paper / project and passing state final exams (degree exams).

Having obtained the Bachelor’s (Bakalavr’s) degree, students may apply for the Master’s degree programmes which are competitive, or continue their studies in the framework of the Specialist’s Diploma programmes.

The Bachelor’s degree is awarded in all fields, except medicine. Diploma project is prepared under the guidance of a scientific supervisor. Students must carry out a year of research (including practice), prepare and defend a thesis which constitute an original contribution and sit for final examinations.

 

Ex. 9 Match the English and Russian words and word-combinations.

1. the right to education 2. postgraduate course 3. the Bachelor’s degree 4. higher educational institution 5. research 6. humanities 7. subjects 8. to defend a thesis 9. state final exams

a) гуманитарные науки b) защитить диссертацию c) предметы d) вуз e) государственные экзамены f) аспирантура g) право на образование h) научная работа i) степень бакалавра

 

Ex.10 Match the words to definitions.

1. extramural classes/courses 2. scientific supervisor 3. compulsory university 4. full time study 5. vocational 6. specialized

a) a person who is in charge of smth b) involves only one limited area c) smth that makes you do smth d) organized by a college or university for people who are not students e) the whole of a working week f) providing skills and education that prepare you for a job

 

Ex. 11 Give your opinion on the following topics:

1. a) What do you think are the advantages and disadvantages of new two-level education system?

b) Is applying to university easy or stressful in your country?

2. In England university admission is based on the results of the A-level exams (an examination in a particular subject taken in schools in England and Wales usually at the age of 18), but there are a number of steps which many pupils go through in the two years before university. Here are some of the main ones. How many of them are also necessary in your country?

a. Visit the careers office at school.

b. Discuss their choice of universities with their teachers.

c. Send off for brochures from various universities, which describe the university and its courses.

d. Visit the university they are interested in (go to ‘open days’).

e. Apply to the University by filling in a form listing five choices.

f. Take school exams: the results are used to predict A-level results, and are recorded on university applications.

 

Section II

Text 2

The Ural State Law Academy.

Pre-reading task: Scan the text and say:

- when the Academy was founded;

- how many institutes and faculties it has;

-what specialists it trains

The History.

The Ural State Law Academy is a higher educational institution. It includes law oriented institutes, a college, several faculties and other public graduate educational institutions.

The Academy’s main campus is located in the centre of Yekaterinburg. Founded as the law faculty of the Irkutsk State University in 1931, it is one of the largest law schools in the Russian Federation and is commonly ranked among Russia’s most prestigious universities. The USLA has high school admission requirements for its prospective students.

 

The Structure.

Till 1976 there was only one faculty at the Sverdlovsk Institute of Law - the law faculty. At present, the Academy has four institutes at the day department: the Institute of Procuracy (Prosecutor’s Office), the Institute of Justice, the Institute of Business and Law and the Institute of State and International Law.

There are also part-time and correspondence departments. The Academy is housed in three study buildings / premises with libraries and reading halls where the students can get ready for lectures, tutorials and seminars.

 

The Teaching Staff.

The Academy possesses a high intellectual potential: over 60 full professors (Doctors of Sciences), more than 180 assistant professors, and many experienced lecturers work at the Academy.

The teaching staff is over 530 people. The Academy is headed by Rector and 3 Vice Rectors (Pro-Rectors). The study methodical and research work is guided by dean’s offices and by different chairs.

 

Careers.

The Academy trains judges, prosecutors, advocates / counsels, jurisconsults, investigators and other lawyers. After completing the education our graduates work in different law enforcement organs: at courts, procuracy, Bar, notary offices and also at state and government bodies of different levels and in legal service of the national economy system.

 

The Curriculum.

The future work of our graduates is not easy, so they have to learn hard to be ready for that work and study many different subjects which are important for it: criminal law, civil law, criminology and others. The students also learn some humane, theoretical, optional and additional subjects, such as Theory of State and Law, Philosophy, Logics etc.

The student body of all the departments taken together numbers more than 14 thousand people. Our students are to take tests and exams on each subject included into the curriculum. As the academic year is divided into two semesters, terminal test and exams are held in January and in June. At the end of the whole course of studies the students take degree examinations. Those who have inclination for research may enter the post-graduate courses. The time table of lectures, tutorials and seminars is regulated by a study schedule.

 

Ex. 12 Answer the questions:

1. What can you say about the structure of the Academy?

2. What do you know about the teaching staff/faaculty of the Academy?

3. What are the types of subjects the students study?

4. How many semesters is the academic year divided into and when are tests and exams held?

5. Where do our graduates work after completing their education?

Ex.13 Say whether it is true or false:

1.There are only ten higher schools/tertiaries in Ekaterinburg.

2.The Law Academy was founded in 1940 as a law faculty.

3.The teaching staff/faculty numbers more than 500 people.

4.The Academy trains different law specialities such as judges, counsels, jurisconsults and other lawyers.

5.The students study many different legal subjects.

6.At the end of the course of study the students take terminal tests and exams.

7.The student body of all the departments taken together numbers more than 14000 people.

 

Ex. 14 Complete the sentences with the words and phrases from the list below:

a) qualification e) rector, vice-rectors

b) faculties f) individuality

c) colleges g) law-enforcement organs

d) curriculum

1. There are several … at our Academy.

2. Cambridge University consists of 24 different…

3. Specialist’s … will determine the scientific and technical progress of the country.

4. Colleges give a specialized training and at the Academy / University the … is wider.

5. The Academy is headed by…

6. Each institute has its own character and …

7. The graduates from the Institute of Procuracy are required to work in …

 

Ex. 15 Match the beginning of the sentence with the ending.

1. At present a distance education system

2. Higher law education trains students

3. If the results of the exams are good

4. Higher education in our country

5. Students from different regions

6. Each group has a tutor

7. Study, methodical and research work

 

a) who practically guides the students through the whole course of studies

b) students get grants

c) to the work in law enforcement organ such as procuracy and courts

d) is introduced in our country

e) is accessible and free of charge for some students

f) study at the full-time, correspondence and evening departments

g) is guided by dean’s offices and by different departments.

 

Ex. 16 Complete the sentences with a suitable word:

runs is guided goes are located is headed

is possesses has is situated moved into

1. The foundation of our Academy … back to April 1931.

2. In 1934 the Institute of Law … Sverdlovsk.

3. The USLA … in Ekaterinburg.

4. The Academy … 4 Institutes at the day department.

5. Besides the full-time department, there … also the part-time department and the correspondence department.

6. The Academy … a high intellectual potential.

7. The Academy … by Rector and Vice-Rectors.

8. The study, methodical and research work … by the dean’s offices and different departments.

 

 

Section III