Для ландшафтных архитекторов

Т. А. Саркисян

 

ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫЙ АНГЛИЙСКИЙ

Содержание

Unit 1 Landscape architecture………………………………………………5

Unit 2 Landscape architect’s job……………………………………………12

Unit 3 Problem solving in landscape architecture…………………………21

Unit 4 Natural garden elements…………………………………………….22

Unit 5 Constructed garden elements……………………………………….28

Unit 6 The kingdom of plants……………………………………………….37

Unit 7 Flower gardening…………………………………………………….44

Unit 8 Popular flowers for the garden……………………………………...49

Unit 9 Developing a landscape design……………………………………....57

Unit 10 Problem solving in getting a job……………………………………59

Unit 11 Parks’ and gardens’ styles………………………………………….60

Unit 12 Contemporary landscape design…………………………………...71

 

Appendixes

Appendix 1 Expressing opinions……………………………………………..74

Appendix 2 Students’ sinkweins……………………………………………..75

Appendix 3 Students’ poetry…………………………………………………76

Appendix 4 Reflections………………………………………………………..77

Appendix 5 Students’ quotes………………………………………………….79

Appendix 6 Preparing presentations…………………………………………80

Appendix 7 Writing annotations and abstracts……………………………...81

Appendix 8 Design presentation………………………………………………85

Appendix 9 Six hats of thinking………………………………………………88

Bibliography……………………………………………………………………91

 

Содержание

Unit 1 Landscape architecture………………………………………………5

Unit 2 Landscape architect’s job……………………………………………12

Unit 3 Problem solving in landscape architecture…………………………21

Unit 4 Natural garden elements…………………………………………….22

Unit 5 Constructed garden elements……………………………………….28

Unit 6 The kingdom of plants……………………………………………….37

Unit 7 Flower gardening…………………………………………………….44

Unit 8 Popular flowers for the garden……………………………………...49

Unit 9 Developing a landscape design……………………………………....57

Unit 10 Problem solving in getting a job……………………………………59

Unit 11 Parks’ and gardens’ styles………………………………………….60

Unit 12 Contemporary landscape design…………………………………...71

 

Appendixes

Appendix 1 Expressing opinions……………………………………………..74

Appendix 2 Students’ sinkweins……………………………………………..75

Appendix 3 Students’ poetry…………………………………………………76

Appendix 4 Reflections………………………………………………………..77

Appendix 5 Students’ quotes………………………………………………….79

Appendix 6 Preparing presentations…………………………………………80

Appendix 7 Writing annotations and abstracts……………………………...81

Appendix 8 Design presentation………………………………………………85

Appendix 9 Six hats of thinking………………………………………………88

Bibliography……………………………………………………………………91

 

Содержание

Unit 1 Landscape architecture………………………………………………5

Unit 2 Landscape architect’s job……………………………………………12

Unit 3 Problem solving in landscape architecture…………………………21

Unit 4 Natural garden elements…………………………………………….22

Unit 5 Constructed garden elements……………………………………….28

Unit 6 The kingdom of plants……………………………………………….37

Unit 7 Flower gardening…………………………………………………….44

Unit 8 Popular flowers for the garden……………………………………...49

Unit 9 Developing a landscape design……………………………………....57

Unit 10 Problem solving in getting a job……………………………………59

Unit 11 Parks’ and gardens’ styles………………………………………….60

Unit 12 Contemporary landscape design…………………………………...71

 

Appendixes

Appendix 1 Expressing opinions……………………………………………..74

Appendix 2 Students’ sinkweins……………………………………………..75

Appendix 3 Students’ poetry…………………………………………………76

Appendix 4 Reflections………………………………………………………..77

Appendix 5 Students’ quotes………………………………………………….79

Appendix 6 Preparing presentations…………………………………………80

Appendix 7 Writing annotations and abstracts……………………………...81

Appendix 8 Design presentation………………………………………………85

Appendix 9 Six hats of thinking………………………………………………88

Bibliography……………………………………………………………………91

 

Введение

 

С появлением стандартов третьего поколения, нацеленных на компетентностно-ориентированное образование, одной из приоритетных целей современного иноязычного образования становится формирование умения осуществлять профессиональную деятельность на иностранном языке. Студент нелингвистического вуза должен овладеть коммуникативными умениями, необходимыми для устной и письменной коммуникации в различных ситуациях профессионального общения, что предполагает активное формирование иноязычной профессионально-речевой компетентности, которая является составляющей иноязычной профессионально-коммуникативной компетентности, означающей способность выражать свои мысли с помощью языка и понимать мысли других людей в процессе речевой интеракции.

Учебное пособие «Профессиональный английский для ландшафтных архитекторов» направлено на достижение вышеназванной цели. Данное пособие выполнено в соответствии с педагогической технологией «Развитие критического мышления через чтение и письмо» и нацелено на формирование базовых знаний по специальности и овладение профессионально-ориентированным английским языком. Материал пособия включает как тексты учебного характера, в которых широко представлена терминология области, так и различные упражнения, способствующие не только формированию умений чтения и расширению лексического запаса студентов, но и нацеленные на формирование умений говорения на профессиональном английском языке.

Особый интерес представляют включенные в пособие тексты. Они современны, заимствованы из оригинальных источников и соответствуют темам основного курса обучения архитекторов. Существенным фактором, способствующим поддержанию интереса студентов к изучению профессионального языка, являются задания, разработанные на основе активных методов и, несомненно, способствующие развитию речи студентов.

Данное пособие готовит студентов к будущей профессиональной деятельности. Они учатся читать профессионально-ориентированные тексты, находить и читать литературу в Интернете, делать профессиональные презентации докладов и проектов, публично выступать, писать деловые письма и письменные размышления, выражая свои мысли, отстаивая своё мнение и дискутируя на профессиональном английском языке.

Учебное пособие поможет студентам эффективно и интересно организовать самостоятельную работу над текстом, а также научиться общаться на профессиональном английском языке, что будет способствовать подготовке ландшафтных архитекторов к их будущей профессиональной деятельности.

 

 

Module 1

Unit 1

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

I. Warming up (Разминка)

Listening & Speaking

1. Group work. Reflect on the following quote about landscape architecture, interpret it and share your ideas with the class. Get ready to discuss different points of view answering questions and persisting in your own opinion. (See appendix 1):

"Landscape architecture is an extraordinary blend of science and art, proposition and thought." Jason Prior.

 

Useful terms and phrases

2. Read the following terms and phrases, mind their pronunciation:

to adorn	украшать
to modify	видоизменять, модифицировать
feature	деталь, элемент
inanimate elements	неживые элементы
animate elements	живые элементы
masonry work	работа с камнем
woodwork	работа с деревом
to comprise	включать
horticultural elements	садовые, флористические элементы
tile patio	плиточный дворик, патио
brick walkway	кирпичная аллея, пешеходная дорожка, галерея
design	замысел, план, проектировать, составлять план
to arrange gardens and parks	обустраивать сады и парки
landscaping and site finishing	благоустройство и озеленение территории
external conditions	внешние условия
three-dimensional expanse	трёхмерное, объёмное пространство
surroundings	среда, окрестности
to tackle climate change	заниматься вопросами изменения климата
sustainable and aesthetically pleasing places	жизнеспособные и эстетически привлекательные места
to address issues	изучать, решать проблемы/вопросы
to improve land	благоустраивать территорию
to regenerate towns and cities	обновлять/возрождать маленькие и большие города

 

Vocabulary Focus

3. Match the words to their explanations:

Environment	To adorn or improve a section of ground by contouring and by planting flowers, shrubs, or trees.
Design	The art of arranging or modifying the features of a landscape for aesthetic or practical purposes.
Space	Consists of the inanimate elements of landscaping, especially any masonry work or woodwork.
Landscape architect	Comprises the animate, horticultural elements of landscape design, i.e., plants. These elements are complemented by such design elements as stone walls, tile patios and brick walkways.
Landscape design	A general plan or intention that someone has in mind when doing something.
Hardscape, or "hardscaping	The unlimited three-dimensional expanse in which all material objects are located.
Softscape	A person who designs gardens or parks so that they look attractive.
Landscape	External conditions or surroundings, in which people live or work.

4. Match the words and phrases to their translation:

 a)

to adorn	деталь, элемент
landscaping and site finishing	ландшафт, благоустраивать участок, озеленять
feature	живые элементы
external conditions	трёхмерное, объёмное пространство
landscape	среда, окрестности
animate elements	улучшать качество жизни
three-dimensional expanse	внешние условия
surroundings	украшать
to arrange gardens and parks	неживые элементы
inanimate elements	благоустройство и озеленение территории
to improve the quality of life	обустраивать сады и парки

b)

sustainable and aesthetically pleasing places	изучать, решать проблемы/вопросы
to tackle climate change	знания и опыт
to address issues	садовые, флористические элементы
expertise	место; участок
horticultural elements	кирпичная аллея, пещеходная дорожка, галерея
site	обновлять/возрождать маленькие и большие города по всему миру
to improve land	жизнеспособные и эстетически привлекательные места
brick walkway	пригодный для жизни
liveable	благоустраивать территорию
to regenerate towns and cities across the world	заниматься вопросами изменения климата

 

II. Evocation (Вызов)

Listening & Speaking

5. Group work. Reflect on the following questions about landscape architecture and share your ideas with the group:

1. What is landscape architecture and what does this profession deal with?

2. What does a landscape architect do?

3. What spheres of activity does the profession combine?

 

6. Group work. Report your ideas to the class in order to put them on the board.

7. Structure the received information in the form of the “ cluster ” (графическая организация материала, показывающая смысловые поля того или иного понятия):

8. Group work. Prepare a presentation about landscape architecture and deliver the presentation to the class. Get ready to discuss different points of view answering questions and persisting in your own opinion. (See appendix 1, 6.)

Vocabulary Focus

14. Pair work. Match the words from two columns to create a phrase and make sentences to use them in the text entitled “My concept of landscape architecture”. Share your ideas with the partner. (See appendix 1):

a)

to deal	in the planning and design of different sites
to combine	great issues of our day
the range	the environment human and liveable
areas	environment and design
to design	with the design of outdoor and public spaces
to make	of ways
to involve	of outstanding natural beauty
to address	public squares and parks

b)

to manage	towns and cities across the world
to tackle	boarders
to regenerate	the needs of people
to increase	the quality of life
to expand	climate change
to meet	cooperation among landscape architects
to improve	sustainable and aesthetically pleasing places

Reflection (Рефлексия)

Listening & Speaking

15. Prepare a presentation about landscape architecture according to the text and deliver your presentation to the class. Get ready to discuss it answering questions and persisting in your own opinion. (See appendix 6, 1.)

Writing

16. Make a “sinkwein” (a poem consisting of 5 lines) about landscape architecture. (See appendix 2.)

Listening & Speaking

17. Ground your “sinkwein” about landscape architecture and present it to the class. (“Sinkwein” is a poem consisting of 5 lines). Get ready to discuss different points of view answering questions. (See appendix 1.)

18. Make a poem about landscape architecture. Ground your poem and present it to the class. Get ready to discuss different points of view answering questions. (See appendix 3.)

Grammar Focus

The Passive Voice

19. Group work.Read the sentence and answer the following questions:

Unit 2

Landscape architect’s job

Part I

I. Warming up (Разминка)

Listening & Speaking

1. Group work.Reflect on the following quote about a landscape architect, interpret it and share your ideas with the class. Get ready to discuss different points of view answering questions and persisting in your own opinion. The following lexis can be helpful. (See appendix 1):

 

“The  landscape  architect  probes  to  discover,  not  what  the  client  has,  but  what she  dreams  of  having: not  what  she does  but what she would like to do”.

“Dreaming enables  us  to  withdraw  into  ourselves  for  brief  moments  and  rests  us. It is good and if the garden makes it easier and pleasant to dream, then it is a good garden.” Fletcher Steele.

to probe	исследовать
to withdraw into oneself	уходить в себя
to enable	давать возможность
to rest somebody	давать отдых

 

Useful terms and phrases

2. Read the following terms and phrases, mind their pronunciation:

to appreciate nature	высоко ценить природу
analytical skill	умение анализировать
creative vision	творческое видение
desirable qualities	желательные качества
communication skills	навыки общения
to convey ideas to	выражать, передавать мысли к-л.
draft	делать чертеж, рисунок, эскиз
computer application	применение ЭВМ; компьютеризация
to develop a report	делать отчёт
to be self-employed	заниматься собственным бизнесом
business acumen	деловая хватка
marketing skills	маркетинговые умения
landscaping	садово-парковая архитектура
to put roads and buildings	прокладывать дороги и строить здания
to conserve natural resources	сохранять природные богатства
to restore	восстанавливать
to consider	обсуждать, рассматривать
to project	делать проект
soil	почва
work location	рабочая обстановка, рабочее окружение
geographic information system (GIS)	геоинформационная система (ГИС)
sketch	эскиз, набросок
simulation	воспроизведение, воссоздание
to estimate	оценивать, составлять смету
to get clients to agree	уговорить клиентов
to draw up documents	составлять документы
to meet a deadline	успеть закончить работу к установленному сроку
to fix historic places	обустраивать исторические места

 

3. Match the words and phrases to their translation:

a)

soil	оформлять документы
to appreciate nature	творческое видение
communication skills	выражать, передавать мысли к-л.
creative vision	оценивать, составлять смету
to convey ideas to	высоко ценить природу
to get clients to agree	почва
to estimate	делать чертеж, рисунок, эскиз
draft	деловая хватка
to meet a deadline	заниматься собственным бизнесом
business acumen	сохранять природные богатства
to conserve natural resources	навыки общения
to be self-employed	успеть закончить работу к установленному сроку
to draw up documents	уговорить клиентов

b)

analytical skill	делать отчёт
desirable qualities	маркетинговые умения
to develop a report	прокладывать дороги и строить здания
computer application	геоинформационная система
marketing skills	умение анализировать
to put roads and buildings	эскиз, набросок
simulation	восстанавливать
geographic information system	желательные качества
sketch	садово-парковая архитектура
landscaping	применение компьютера
to restore	воспроизведение, воссоздание

 

II. Evocation (Вызов)

Writing, Listening & Speaking

4. Individual work. Read the following key words and make your own text reflecting your own view on the landscape architecture profession. Entitle the text:

Computer application, business acumen, plan a career in landscape architecture, creative vision, convey ideas to, communication skills, to make presentations, appreciate nature, work with one’s hands, make outdoor places more beautiful and useful, to put flowers, trees, walkways, analyze the nature around the place, draw plans, to explain their ideas, work outside, draw up a list of needed materials.

 

5. Individual work. Present your text to the class. Get ready to answer questions and discuss different points of view.

Reading

6. Read the following terms and phrases, mind their pronunciation:

CAD software (computer-aided design system)	система автоматизированного проектирования (САПР)
word processing	обработка текстов; подготовка текстов
desktop publishing	настольные издательские средства
spreadsheet	крупноформатная таблица
tool	инструментальное средство
impact studies	изучение воздействия
environmental scientist	учёный-эколог

 

7.Read the text and find answers to the following questions:

1. What kind of people should make a career in landscape architecture?

2. What qualities and skills should they possess?

3. How do landscape architects improve places?

4. What is the most important about making a project?

 

8. Read the text once again and make marginal marks (пометки на полях):

√ I knew it;

+ New information;

- The information contradicts my knowledge(противоречит моим представлениям);

? The information isn’t enough or understandable (непонятна или недостаточна).

 

9. Get ready to answer the following questions:

1. What did you know about architecture before reading the text?

2. What information did you find new reading the text?

3. What information contradicts your knowledge?

4. What information isn’t enough or understandable for you?

 

Landscape Architect’s Job

There are various places for people’s activities: parks, playgrounds, colleges, soccer fields, shopping centers, backyards. What do these places have in common? They all look better with good landscaping.

Landscape architects make outdoor places more beautiful and useful. They decide where to put flowers, trees, walkways, and other landscape details. They keep sports fields in good playing conditions. They work with architects, surveyors, and engineers to find the best place to put roads and buildings. They work with environmental scientists to find the best way to conserve or restore natural resources.

Landscape architects must first consider the reason for a project. They analyze the nature around the place where they are working. They see where sunlight falls at different times of the day and year. They think about the weather, the kind of soil, the water, and the plants that are at the work location.

Then, landscape architects draw what they want the landscape to look like. Most landscape architects draw their plans using computers and Computer-Aided Design (CAD) systems. Landscape architects also use Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to say exactly where plants and other things should be.

Once the design is complete, landscape architects write reports. They also make sketches, models, and photographs to explain their ideas. Many architects use video simulation to help clients see what the land will look like when the plans are finished. They also need to estimate how much their ideas will cost. Then, they have to get clients to agree with their ideas.

Next, landscape architects draw up a list of needed materials. Then, they tell other workers how to do the planting and construction shown in the design.

Some landscape architects work on all kinds of projects. Others focus on one kind of outdoor place. For example, they might focus on backyards, on parks, or on the land around highways. More landscape architects work on projects to help the environment or to fix historic places.

Landscape architects spend a lot of time in offices. They also work outside to see the places they are designing and to watch the work being done. Landscape architects usually work regular hours. They may work longer sometimes to meet a deadline.

 

Reading & Writing

10. Read the text again and fill in the “marginal chart”:

√	+	-	?
I knew that	I didn’t know that …	The information about … contradicts my knowledge because …	The information about … isn’t enough or understandable for me, because …

Speaking & Listening

11. Pair work. Discuss the following questions:

1. What are the main stages of the landscape project?

2. What project stages do you find the most important?

3. How do landscape architects work on the project?

4. What difficulties do landscape architects face projecting?

Vocabulary Focus

12. Match the words from two columns to create a phrase and make sentences to use them in your own text entitled “My vision of the landscape architect’s job”. Share your ideas with the partner. (See appendix 1):  

a)

to make outdoor places	roads and buildings
to keep sports fields	falls at different times
to put	the nature around the place
to find the best way	in good playing conditions
to consider	using Computer-Aided Design
to analyze	more beautiful and useful
sunlight	to explain ideas
to draw plans	to conserve natural resources
to make sketches, models	the reason for a project

 

b)

to get clients	the planting and construction shown in the design
to draw up	regular hours
to do	with good landscaping
to meet	to agree with their ideas
to work	a list of needed materials
to look better	a deadline

Reflection (Рефлексия)

Writing, Listening & Speaking

13. Role-play the following situation: On the Open Day a leading lecturer of the landscape architecture chair tells the entrants about landscape architecture profession. His task is to convince them to choose this job. The entrants interestedly talk with the lecturer and ask her numerous questions.

Take into account the following points:

1. Project yourself (перевоплотиться) either into a character of a leading lecturer or an entrant;

2. Your speech should correspond with your character.

Speaking & Listening

14. Group work. Reflect on your own professional speech. (See appendix 4.)

15. Group work. Reflect on the professional speech of other students- lecturers. (See appendix 4.)

Writing, Listening & Speaking

16. Create a quote about landscape architect’s job, ground it and present to the class. Get ready to discuss it persisting in your opinion. (See appendix 5.)

17. Write a reflection on the following quote:“The landscape architect probes to discover, not what the client has, but what she dreams of having: not what she does but what she would like to do”. “Dreaming enables us to withdraw into ourselves for brief moments and rests us. It is good and if the garden makes it easier and pleasant to dream, then it is a good garden.” (See appendix 4.)

Part II

Curriculum Vitae

 

Personal Details

 

Name/Surname:

 

Address:                                                                   Tel.:

 

Date of birth:                                                    Nationality:

 

Education

Qualifications:

 

Languages:

 

Work Experience (most recent first)

 

Personal Qualities

 

6. Answer the questions in the plan. Use your answers and your CV to write the letter of application in Ex. 6

Plan

· Who will you address your letter to?

  Introduction ( Paragraph 1) reason for writing? For what position? Where was it advertised?

· Main body ( Paragraph 2-3) age? qualifications? current job? previous experience? personal qualities?

· Conclusion (Paragraph 4) closing remarks?

· How will you sign off?

Unit 3

I. Warming up (Разминка)

Listening & Speaking

1. Group work.Reflect onthe following questions and share your ideas with the class. Get ready to discuss different points of view answering questions and persisting in your own opinion. (See appendix 1):

Do soft jobs exist in our life? Can you name them? Ground your answer.

Useful terms and phrases

2. Read the following terms and phrases, mind their pronunciation:

 

to reach a compromise	найти компромисс
to face a challenge	стоять перед проблемой
to respect the client’s choice	уважать выбор клиента
to find a mutual understanding	найти взаимопонимание
to suit both parties	устраивать обе стороны
to develop a report	делать отчёт
to have a good grasp of something	хорошо разбираться в чем-либо
legislation	законодательство
to perform a сode analysis	проводить анализ законов
material science	материаловедение
to acquire a complete understanding	достичь полного понимания
resolve unexpected issues	решать непредвиденные проблемы
ins and outs of the profession	тонкости професии

 

II. Evocation (Вызов)

Listening & Speaking

3. Group work.Discuss the following questions and report to the class. Get ready to discuss different points of view answering questions and persisting in your own opinion. (See appendix 1):

 

1. Is it hard to work as a landscape architect?

2. What difficulties does a practitioner run into?

3. What is the secret of the landscape architect’s success?

 

Writing

10. Write a short essay entitled “Landscape Architect’s challenges”.

Module 2

Vocabulary Focus

3. Match the words and phrases to their translation:

a)

to create a garden	существенный элемент
manmade/artificial elements	подбирать почву
to consider various factors	питательные вещества
essential element	созданные человеком, рукотворные элементы
to select soil	учитывать различные факторы
soil texture	создать сад
nutrients	структура почвы
soil pH	слюдянистый песчаник
for the decorative purpose	белый мрамор
flagstone	мелкий гравий
white mar le	с декоративной целью
pea gravel	мера кислотности и щёлочности почвы

b)

boulder	строительные элементы
to keep the plants healthy and growing	здоровый рост, нормальное развитие растений
constructed elements	придавать привлекательный вид
garden path	живая изгородь
to prettify/ give attraction to	бутон, цветочная почка
timber fence	содержать цветы в хорошем состоянии, способствовуя их росту
hedge	садовая дорожка
primary nutrient	валун, крупная галька
healthy plant growth	деревянный забор
fl wer bud	действующее вещество