Для магистрантов Института экономики, финансов и бизнеса БашГУ

ПРАКТИКУМ

"ИНОСТРАННЫЙ ЯЗЫК"

Для магистрантов Института экономики, финансов и бизнеса БашГУ

УФА

РИЦ БашГУ

 

Печатается по решению кафедры иностранных языков для профессиональной коммуникации ИНЭФБ Башгосуниверситета от 16 апреля 2015 г. протокол № 7 (54).

Составитель: д.филол.н., проф. Зайнуллина Л.М.

 

Цель учебно-методического пособия - формирование у магистрантов-экономистов навыков понимания, извлечения, обработки и воспроизведения информации из англоязычных текстов и упражнений по экономической тематике.

Unit 1.

Text 1. Read the text and summarise it in 10 sentences.

Ex.3. Discuss the following statements.

1.I finally know what distinguishes man from the other beasts: financial worries. (Jules Renard).

2.Money is like manure. You have to spread it around or it smells. (John Paul Getty).

3.The safest way to double your money is to fold it over and put it in your pocket. (K. Hubbard).

4.If you want to learn the value of money, go and borrow some. (Benjamin Franklin).

5.Beware of little expenses; a small leak will sink a big ship. (Benjamin Franklin).

6.It is not the employer who pays the wages. Employers only handle the money. It is the customer who pays the wages. (Henry Ford).

7. Wealth — any income that is at least one hundred dollars more a year than the income of one`s wife`s sister`s husband. (Henry Louis Mencken).

8.Wealth is like sea-water; the more we drink, the thirstier we become; and the same is true of fame. (Arthur Schopenhauer).

 

Ex.4. Match the terms with the examples. It's not easy - some of the terms have close meanings.

1. tax relief 2. tax break 3.tax exile 4. dirext taxation

5. indirect taxation 6. tax avoidance 7. tax evasion 8.tax free

 

a. Ms Brown is British, but to save tax she lives in Monaco.

b. No tax is payable on winnings from the National Lottery.

c. From April 6th next year, theatres will not have to pay tax on profits below $20,000.

d. VAT

e. Ms Smith pays an accountant to find legal ways to reduce her tax liability.

f. income tax

g. Liability for capital gains is reduced by 7.5% for each year of ownership of the asset

h.Mr Jones made a profit of $1000,000 from selling a business, but didn't declare it.

 

UNIT 2.

Text. Read and translate.

COOLHUNTING

Coolhunting is a term coined in the early 1990s referring to a new breed of marketing professionals, called coolhunters. It is their job to make observations and predictions in changes of new or existing cultural trends. Coolhunting is often referred to as "Trend Spotting."

Coolhunters operate most notably in the world of street fashion and design. Many webloggers now serve as online coolhunters, in a variety of cultural and technological areas.

Coolhunters are found in many different places.

A coolhunting firm is a marketing agency whose exclusive purpose is to conduct research of the youth demographic. They then compile their data and produce reports detailing emerging and declining trends in youth culture as well as predictions for future trends. These reports are then sold to various companies whose products target the youth demographic. They also offer consulting services. Coolhunting firms often provide services for some of the largest corporations in the world.

Rather than outsourcing their market research, some companies opt for in-house youth culture marketing divisions. These divisions act in much the same way as a coolhunting firm but the reports and data collected remain within the company and are used solely to promote its products. A company will often prefer this form of coolhunting as a way to gain an advantage in the valuable youth market since the research conducted by coolhunting firms is available to anyone willing to pay for it.

Coolhunting is much more than simple market research because of the nature of the subjects. The teen and preteen market is often referred to as a "stubborn" demographic in that they do not respond well to blatant advertising and marketing campaigns targeted at them. Coolhunters therefore must be more stealthy in their methods of gathering information and data.

Focus groups

Focus groups, though quite obvious in their attempts at gathering information, are very popular among coolhunters as they provide direct insight into the thoughts and feelings of their target demographic. Coolhunters will typically gather a group of randomly selected individuals from their target demographic.

Depending on the nature of the study, the methods of the information-gathering during a focus group interview may be extremely broad, with questions relating to lifestyle and youth culture, or more specific, like comparing certain brands and determining which brands the group is most responsive to.

Participants in focus groups are usually rewarded for their participation, whether it be a cash amount, free products, or other rewards.

Undercover coolhunters

Coolhunters will often seek out individuals from within their target demographic who are regarded as leaders or trendsetters. They will then hire these individuals to be undercover coolhunters, who gather information secretly among their peers and report their findings back to their employers. This is a popular method of coolhunting as it provides insight into their target demographic within their natural environment.

Online Coolhunting

There are a wide variety of methods for conducting market research online. Popular examples are online surveys where upon completion, the participant will usually receive a prize or monetary compensation. Other times coolhunters will enter chatrooms and webgroups posing as an individual within the target demographic and gather information.

There are several consumer-oriented websites dedicated to coolhunting or trend spotting that are operated by trend consulting firms. These include Trendwatching.com, Wikitrend.org and Coolhunting.com

 

Ex.1 Look at the words in italic in each of the following sentences and choose the correct one.

1. We’re setting(устанавливаем) all the prices for next year except(кроме)/accept the new range which won’t be(не будут) ready(готовы) for another(другие) three months.

2. Can you remember /remind him to bring the comparative(сравнительные) costs.

3. After the confusion(неразибирехи) over the bank transaction, they have agreed(согласились) to waive(отказться) /wave charges(сборов).

4. These two companies have been in collision/ collusion(в сговоре) with each other on the price fixing issue(по проблеме фиксации цены).

5. We should use an alternative/ alternate pricing structure to the one we use now(к той мы используем теперь).

6. We’ve had(получили) an officious/ official letter to tell(говорила) us(нам) about the changes(изменениях) in export regulations.

7. When deciding on new prices you mustn’t lose(терять) sight/ site(место) of market behaviour.

8. Once(как только) they have agreed(договорятся) on the figures(c ценами) we can precede/ proceed(продолжить) with the costing.

9. Please insure/(застрахованы) ensure(гарантируйте) that only the most recent(новые) figures(цены) are included in the calculations.

10. When we are setting standards we allow(допускаем) 10% for deficient/ defective(бракованных) goods.

11. There must be a mistake in the calculations somewhere. These figures(цены) are just not credible(не достоверны) / creditable.(похвальны)

12. The cash budget must take seasonal(сезонные) /seasonable (своевременные) variations into consideration.

13. The consultant is being(преследуется) prosecuted (по суду)/persecuted(от уклонение) for tax evasion.(от уплаты налогов)

14. The management have now decided what measurement(измерение)/ measures(меры) to take to increase(увеличат) productivity.

 

Ex.2. War Idioms. There are a lot of expressions used in business which are borrowed from the army and from war. Here are some examples:

· We've gained ground (делать успехи) in the Japanese market. We now have a 20% market share, up from just 7% last year.

· I don't think we should withdraw the product because we have such a poor(небольшая) share of the market. Let's not give up without a fight(не сдаваться без борьбы). Let's try some other marketing strategies.

· Our sales team is doing badly against (на фоне) the competition(конкуренции). We may need to reinforce(укрепить) the team with some new recruits.

· In China, we've decided to join forces(объединить усилия) with a local company and set up a joint venture(создать совместное предприятие.

· After our last radio campaign, we were bombarded(засыпаны) with calls(звонками) to our customer lines(по нашей клиентской линии).

· The boss is very angry. It would be a good idea to keep your head down(не высовываться) for a few days.

· I've set my sights on being the next sales manager.(нацелился на то, чтобы следующим менеджером продаж)

· There isn't much money(нет большого количества денег) and Accounts and Marketing are having a big battle(большое сражение) over the advertising budget.

· He's always irritating(раздражает) the boss by being(будучи опаздывающим во встречи) late for meetings. He's his own worst enemy. (он себе худший враг)

· Our target(цель) this year is to increase sales by 10%.

· We need to capture (захватить) more of the youth market(рынка молодых)

· They were a casualty(жертвой) of the last recession.

· The workers are very unhappy and so are the customers.

· Taking over that company would be a real minefield(минное поле).

Unit 3.

Text. Translate, fill in the gaps.

buy grow increase launch persuade sell

The takeover process is often described in terms of one animal hunting another: a company or individual seeking to take over another company may be referred to as a predator, and the target company as a prey. Predators are also referred to as raiders or corporate raiders. A company that wants to (7)…………. or diversify can (8)………… a raid – in other words, simply (9)……….. a large quantity of another company’s shares on the stock exchange. A “dawn raid” consists of buying shares through several brokers early in the morning, before the market has time to notice the rising price, and before speculators join in. This will immediately (10)………… the share price, and may (11) …………. a significant number of other shareholders to (12)………… for the raider to take control of the company.

 

board friendly hostile poison pill white knight

 

A company wishing to resist, ward off or fend off being taken over has a number of options. It may devise plans that give existing shareholders special rights, or it may make itself less attractive to bidders by selling off a valuable part of the company. Actions like these are poison pills. Or it may persuade a friendly partner, a white knight, to take a stake in the company, thus preventing a complete takeover by a hostile bidder. Bidders may agree to withdraw their bid if paid enough money for the shares they hold in the target company. This is greenmail. If a raid is not, or would not be, successful, a predator can make a takeover bid. A (13)……….. takeover has the consent of the directors of the company whose shares are being acquired; a (14)………. takeover bid is one undertaken against the wishes of the (15)………… of directors who think that the bidder is undervaluing the shares. Defenses against a hostile takeover include the (16)………… a defensive action taken to repel a raider, such as changing the share voting structure or the board of directors, or spending all the company’s cash reserves. If measures such as these do not work, a company can at least attempt to find a (17)………… - another buyer whom they prefer.

 

Ex.2. Match the two halves.

 

1.Benchmark a. a partner who invests in a business but

doesn’t take an active part in managing it

2. Background b. to give special permission not to pay taxes

3.Conman c. to accept the risk of any loss under insurance

contract

4.Downmarket d. expensive, of premium quality

5.Fake e. finance assets promised by a borrower to a lender

6.Hoarding f. to officially make someone pay taxes

7.Integrity g. all the things that a person has done in the past

8.Inventory h. compete

9.Loophole i. usage of knowledge of the situation that is not

available to other people in order to buy shares

10.Slush fund j. someone who buys shares in order to sell them

quickly and make profit

11.Sleeping partner k. good performance in a particular activity

that can be used as a standard

12.Track record l. complete honesty

13.insider trading m. a small mistake in a law that makes it

possible to do something illegal

14.collateral n. a copy of an original product

15.stag o. an amount of money collected for illegal

purposes

16. exempt p. education, qualification and past jobs

17.underwriter q. someone who tries to get money from people

by tricking

18. emulate r. a supply of goods kept for sale

19.high-end s. the people who buy cheap goods and services

20. levy t. a large sign used for advertising

 

Ex.3. Find the correct definition.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Unit 4.

Text. Translate, fill in the gaps.

Insider dealing

Insider dealing or insider trading is buying or selling of securities by people who have more knowledge than others of the company involved because they are connected with it in some way. Financial institutions are supposed to take measures to prevent knowledge gained in one department from being used in other departments to trade in shares at an unfair advantage. These measures are informally known as Chinese walls.

This article from The Times is about accusations of insider dealing in gilt-edged securities or gilts (British government bonds). Complete the article with the expressions listed. Each expression is used once.

a Chinese walls c inside e dealers g complaints b trades d insider dealing f allegations h leak

 

UNIT 6.

Unit 7

Text 1. Discuss the text below

How Do You Spend Your Time?

He suggests dividing your employees into three categories and then look at where you spend the majority of your time and resources. Is it with the:

• Eagles: Top performers who fly and soar?
• Robins: Those who come to work and get the job done, but who don’t rise to the top?
• Turkeys: They need to get better – or else?

Он предлагает делить Ваших сотрудников на три категории, и затем посмотрите на то, где Вы тратите большинство своего времени и ресурсов. Он с:

• Орлы: Главные исполнители, которые летят и взлетают?

• Малиновки: Те, кто приезжает, чтобы работать и сделать работу, но кто не поднимается до вершины?

• Индюки: Они должны поправиться – или иначе?

Management Success Tip:

Nine out of 10 managers will say the lion’s share goes to the turkeys – and that’s not good! The better approach is to spend most of your time encouraging the eagles to keep soaring and developing the robins to become eagles. If you have a turkey on your team, then quickly decide whether it’s worth your time to salvage that person. Remember, your time is your most valuable resource. Don’t squander it. Manage it well.

Перевод:

Совет успеха управления

Девять из 10 менеджеров скажет, что львиная доля идет к индюкам – и это не хорошо! Лучший подход трать много вашего времени поощряя орлов продолжать взлетать и развивать малиновок, чтобы стали орлами. Если у Вас есть индейка в Вашей команде, тогда быстрее решите, стоит ли это Вашего времени, чтобы спасти того человека. Помните, Ваше время - Ваш самый ценный ресурс. Не тратьте его. Управляйте им хорошо.

 

 

Ex.3. Match two halves.

1.(j)Steve Jobs, the architect of Apple’s phenomenal success and one of the biggest influences on the business of modern computing, died of pancreatic cancer Wednesday. He was 56.

Стив Джобс, архитектор феноменального успеха Apple и одно из самых больших влияний на бизнес современного вычисления, умер от рака поджелудочной железы в среду. Ему было 56 лет.

2. (f) As the world ponders Jobs’ legacy, it is perhaps worth asking if an

3 Jobs, adopted into an Armenian family in California, had no insider connections and no education at a top university.

Стив Джобc, усыновленный армянской семьей в Калифорнии, не было связей и никакого образования в лучшем университете.

4. Quite the opposite: his background was one of the hippy counterculture, and he described his time in (k)

5.(i) There remains a chance for Russia to produce.

6. The Skolkovo innovation project could yet

provide the spark needed to kick-start new high-tech projects, but the danger is

7(a) As the examples of Google’s Sergey Brin and other émigrés have shown, the new generation of Russians will almost certainly be at the forefront of global innovation in the years ahead.

как примеры Сергея Брина Google и других эмигрантов показали, новое поколение русских почти наверняка будет в центре глобальных инноваций в годах вперед.

8(d)The question is, however: Will they pursue their

9(e) So to make the analogy with Russia, it would have been as if he had been

10(с) It also requires a sea change in the way the authorities encourage innovation and diversity – without crippling bureaucracy

 

b. that under bureaucratic state control anyone in the Steve Jobs mold would quickly be stifled, corrupted or simply emigrate to another country with a climate more conducive to invention and new thinking.

d. dreams here in Russia, or abroad?

e. pursued as Mikhail Khodorkovsky or Yevgeny Chichvarkin. And we all know what happened there.

f. innovator and businessman like him could succeed in Russia.

j. computing, died of pancreatic cancer Wednesday. He was 56.

k. an ashram in India, including LSD experiences, as “one of the two or three most important things” he did in his life.

i. innovators of Jobs’ stature, it is true

 

Ex. 4. Do the quiz individually. Then compare answers with a partner.

1.How much cash do you have with you at the moment? Do you

a) know exactly?

b) know approximately?

c) not know at all?

2.Do you normally check

a) your change?

b) your bank statements and credit card bills?

c) restaurant bills?

d) your receipts when shopping?

e) prices in several shops before you buy something?

3. Do you

a) give money to beggars(нищим)?

b) give money to charities(благотворительность)?

c) give away(отдаете) used items(вещи), such as clothing?

Unit 8.

UNIT 9.

 

B. Discussion topics.

1. Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the banking system in your own country.

2. Give your reasons for and against state-owned banks.

UNIT 10.

Penetration demand

Down- priced

Fixed market

Budget- costs

Elastic strategy

 

Make expressions which are opposite in meaning: inelastic, variable, premium-, skimming, up-.

Find correct terms to complete each sentence.

1. Where sales are not affected much by price rises, this is …

2. Selling widely in a market for low profit per item is a ….

3. High quality, high-priced products are ….

4. A company accounts term meaning the cost of things like electricity, rent and other charges that do not increase with increases in production is ….

5. Low-priced goods, aiming for volume sales at the lower end of the consumer market are … goods.

Ex. 4. Match the two columns.

1. a buying spree

2. boom

3. cyclical

4. slumps

5. to drum up business

 

a. a period when an economy is doing bad

b. buying a lot in a short period

c. to try to get new customers

d. a period when an economy is doing well

e. repeating.

 

VOCABULARY

Abuse v - нарушать, злоупотреблять

Allocate v – распределять, размещать; ассигновать

Authorized shares – уставной капитал

Backlog n – задолженность, просроченная работа; портфель заказов

Bail out v – выручать, спасать

Benchmark n – база, ориентир; эталон, стандарт

Beneficiary n - бенефициар

Bottom line -итоговая строка отчета; окончательный результат

Bridge financing – промежуточное финансирование

Budget surplus – бюджетный профицит

Buyback n - выкуп; обратная покупка

Callable bond – отзывная облигация

Cap n – фиксированный минимум; верхний предел

Collateral (collat) n - обеспечение

Comply with v - соответствовать; соблюдать

Default n – невыполнение денежных обязательств, неплатеж

Downgrade v – присвоить более низкий рейтинг, понижать

Downturn n – начало спада деловой активности

Economic value added (EVA) – экономическая добавленная ценность

Emerging market – развивающийся рынок

Emulate v - cоперничать

Endorse v – делать передаточную надпись на векселе; подтверждатьправильность

Enforce v – взыскивать, приводить в исполнение

Equity n - обыкновенная акция; справедливость

Equity stake – доля в акционерном капитале

Estate n – имущество, собственность

Face value -номинал

Facility n – производственная мощность, здание; схема кредитования

Feasibility study – технико-экономическое обоснование

Feedback n – обратная связь

Fine v – взимать штраф

Fledging company -недавно созданная компания

Float v – выпустить акции на рынок

Fraud n - мошенничество

Gainful a – доходный, прибыльный

Greenfield – новое предприятие, создаваемое с нуля

Greenmail – корпоративный шантаж (покупка акций компании с целью вынудить ее выкупить свои акции по новой цене)

Hedge v - хеджировать

High-end – дорогой; высокого класса

Impair v - обесценивать, ухудшать

In the black – без убытков

In the red – с убытком

Incentive n - стимул

Infant industry – молодая отрасль промышленности

Insolvency n - неплатежеспособность

Intangible a – нематериальный

Inventory n - запасы

Kickback n - откат

Lagging a - отстающий

Leverage n – финансовый рычаг

Litigate v – оспаривать в суде

Low end - недорогой

Mezzanine financing – промежуточное финансирование

Outlay n – расходы; ассигнования, затраты, издержки

Outlook n – перспективы; прогноз

Output n – выпуск продукции; отдача

Overheads n – накладные расходы

Peg v – индексировать, привязывать

Perk n – привилегия; льгота, скидка

Pledge n – залог, обеспечение; обещание

Rebound v - иметь обратное действие; воспрянуть, оживиться

Remittance n – денежный перевод, платеж

Remuneration n – вознаграждение, оплата труда

Revamp v – переоборудовать, обновлять

Scarcity n - нехватка, недостаток

Slack a – застойный, вялый

Sluggish a – застойный, вялый

Tailor v - подгонять под конкретные нужды, цели

Throughput n – пропускная способность; производительность

Trigger off v – приводить в движение

Trouble-shooting – улаживающий конфликты, решающий проблемы

Underwriter n – гарант, андеррайтер

Withdraw v – изымать, отказываться, отходить

Write off v - списывать

 

 

ПРАКТИКУМ

"ИНОСТРАННЫЙ ЯЗЫК"

для магистрантов Института экономики, финансов и бизнеса БашГУ

УФА

РИЦ БашГУ

 

Печатается по решению кафедры иностранных языков для профессиональной коммуникации ИНЭФБ Башгосуниверситета от 16 апреля 2015 г. протокол № 7 (54).

Составитель: д.филол.н., проф. Зайнуллина Л.М.

 

Цель учебно-методического пособия - формирование у магистрантов-экономистов навыков понимания, извлечения, обработки и воспроизведения информации из англоязычных текстов и упражнений по экономической тематике.

Unit 1.

Text 1. Read the text and summarise it in 10 sentences.