Графология и экспертиза документов – это одно и тоже?

Graphology or graphoanalysis attempts to predict character traits from handwriting examination. Forensic document examination involves the analysis and comparison of questioned documents with known material in order to identify, whenever possible, the author or origin of the questioned document. Some graphologists call themselves handwriting analysts or document examiners and are therefore confused with FDEs. In U.S. the court rejected the testimony of a proffered handwriting examiner, in part, because his training was completed through a correspondence school and strongly emphasized graphoanalysis. But it also pointed out that the witness was not certified by the ABFDE.

4. TEST YOUSELVES:

Choose the right answer

 

1. …. includes comparison, identification of handwriting, verification of the author and analysis of questioned documents.

 

a) Graphology

b) Handwriting examination

c) Forensic science

d) Forensic linguistic

 

2. …. is the study and analysis of handwriting especially in relation to human psychology.

 

a) Graphology

b) Handwriting examination

c) Forensic science

d) Forensic linguistic

 

3. Handwriting features that examiners evaluate include ….

 

a) the analysis of semantic meaning in words and pragmatic meaning in words

b) the comparison of speech patterns

c) the size and slope of the writing, pen pressure, the spacing between words and letters, height, beginning and ending strokes, and line quality.

d) the physical evidence of a document

 

4. Everyone's writing consists of a combination of …

 

a) letters and sounds

b) class and individual characteristics

c) dots and commas

d) letters and numbers

 

5. …. studies all aspects of a document to determine its authenticity and origin, including handwriting, typewriting, fingerprinting, commercial printing, photocopies, inks and papers.

 

a) a graphologist

b) a criminalist

c) a forensic document examiner

d) a scientist

 

6. …. is a means of identifying forgery and establishing the authenticity of documents in dispute.

 

a) Crime scene examination

b) Speech examination

c) Handwriting examination

d) Document examination

 

 

2. Fill in the chart with the information that you can remember from text 3 and text 4:

 

JOB TITLE	GRAPHOLOGISTS	FORENSIC EXAMINERS
WHAT DO THEY DO?
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF HANDWRITING?
ARE THEY CREDIBLE IN TESTIMONY?
THINGS IN COMMON

 

GLOSSARY

 

1. authentication – 1. удостоверение или засвидетельствование подлинности;

2. заверка (подписи)

2. authenticity – подлинность, достоверность; ~ of documents – подлинность документов

3. credibility – правдоподобность, вероятность

credible – правдоподобный, вероятный, заслуживающий доверия

credibly – достоверно

4. credit – вера, репутация

5. characteristic – характерная черта, особенность, свойство

class characteristics – общие характеристики;

directly perceptible ~ - непосредственно воспринимаемые особенности

6. document – v. документировать, документально доказывать, обосновывать, подтверждать;

(n) документ, свидетельство

document examination – экспертиза документа

questioned document examination - идентификационная экспертиза

7. expertise – профессиональная компетентность; деловой опыт

8. graphology – графология

9. genuineness - подлинность, неподдельность

genuine text of … - подлинный текст чего-либо

10. handwriting – почерк

~ analysis – почерковедческая экспертиза

~ identification – распознавание почерка

~ sample – образец почерка

~ individual characteristics – индивидуальные особенности почерка

11. item – 1) пункт, параграф; 2) вопрос; 3) отдельный предмет в списке

12. profile – 1) краткий биографический очерк; 2) краткий очерк политического,

исторического или географического характера

13. proffer (v) – предлагать документ (суду)

13. verification - проверка, исследование, установление истинности

14. validation - утверждение, установление истинно законной силы

valid – действительный, имеющий силу (юр)

 

 

UNIT 4

AUTHORSHIP IDENTIFICATION

TEXT 1