His works and investigations in the field of theoretical mechanics are always referred to. 


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His works and investigations in the field of theoretical mechanics are always referred to.



П. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, под­черкните Participle 1 и Participle II и установите функции каж­дого из них, то есть укажите, является ли оно определением, об-


стоятельством или частые глагола-сказуемого.

1. Matter consists of one or a number of basic elements accruing na­ture.

2. When hf ated to a certain temperature, this alloy increases in vol­ume.

3. The atoms form combinations known as molecules.

4. Reading English technical papers one can meet various abbrevia­tions.

III. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, под­
черкните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквива­
лент.

1. A computer should solve complicated problems many millions of times faster than a mathematician.

2. New types of plastics had to be obtained for space technology.

3. A moving body can do work by virtue of its speed.

4. These students will be allowed to perform this work by the end of this month.

IV. Прочитайте и устно переведите с 1-го по 5-й абзацы текста.
Перепишите и письменно переведите 2,4,5 абзацы.

FRICTION

1. From everyday experience people have learned that the amount of energy which is required to pull a load across в surface depends on the character of the surface. It is much easier to pull a cart over an asphalt road than over road which is cobbled. When an object is moving in re­spect to another against which it is pressed with a certain force it gives rise to a force which is opposing the motion. This force is called friction. Hence the resistance to the motion of two bodies in contact with one an­other is determined by friction. Friction may prevent the motion entirely or it may make-the relative acceleration of the surfaces less than it oth­erwise would be.

2. In general, friction can have any direction and its direction at a given moment is suclj as to oppose the motion of a body or its tendency to motion. At any rate, friction always manifests itself as a force that op­poses motion..It causes losses in every engine and machine. Part of the useful mechanical energy is transformed into useless heat because of


friction. In addition to that, it wears away metal in the moving parts, making repairs necessary.

3. Engineering, in its turn, tries to overcome these losses by various means. In order to decrease friction in the working parts of the machines, their fictional surfaces are lubricated and ball bearings or another bear­ings are introduced. In case it in necessary, a great part of the heat devel­oped due to friction may be carried off by means of circulating water or air blasts.

4. In fact, friction in the moving parts of all mechanical devices brings endless difficulties. In certain cases friction becomes a helpful ne­cessity but not only causes wear and losses. But for friction our world would be strange. Without friction between the tires and the road, a car could not move. It would be impossible to walk, nor even to stand up in spite of all our efforts, to build houses using present-day methods. Nails would fall out, screws and bolts would not hold because they require friction.

5. So friction is a complex physical phenomenon. In some cases fric­tion may be detrimental, in many other cases it is frequently a necessity. There are several types of friction, namely, sliding friction and rolling friction, static and kinetic friction.

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯРАБОТА № З\

Для того, чтобы правильно выполнить контрольную работу №3, необходимо усвоить следующие разделы курса английского языка:

1. Грамматические функции и значения слов that, one, it.

2. Пассивный залог (The Passive Voice) видо-временных форм Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect.

3. Функции глаголов to be, to have, to do.

4. Простые неличные формы глагола. Инфинитив в функции а) подлежащего; б) составной части сказуемого; в) определения, г) обстоятельства цели.

Вариант 1 _____________________________________________

I. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, опреде-




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