Это важные новости. Когда вы их получили?

Она дала очень сомнительные показания. Неужели вы верите им?

Где он спрятал деньги?

Я думаю, никто не найдет их.

Это вполне надежная информация.

Полиция находится совсем неподалеку.

Присяжные находятся в комнате 23.

Все присяжные уже собрались.

b) Write a few short sentences of your own with the following words and word combinations:

Important information …………………………

Financial news…………………………………………………………………

Friendly advice…………………………………………………………………

Lack of evidence………………………………………………………………

Lack of money…………………………………………………………………

 

 

Unit 12

THE ORGANISATION OF POLICE FORCES

The British Police

The British police officer is a well-known figure to anyone who has visited Britain or who has seen British films. Policemen are to be seen in towns and cities keeping law and order, either walking in pairs down the streets ("walking the beat") or driving specially marked police cars. Once known as 'panda cars' because of their distinctive markings, these are now often jokingly referred to as 'jam sandwiches' because of the pink fluorescent stripe running horizontally around the bodywork. In the past, policemen were often known as 'bobbies' after Sir Robert Peel, the founder of the police force. Nowadays, common nicknames include 'the cops', •the fuzz', 'the pigs', and 'the Old Bill' (particularly in London). Few people realize, however, that the police in Britain are organised very differently from many other countries.

Most countries, for example, have a national police force which is controlled by central Government. Britain has no national police force, although police policy is governed by the central Government's Home Office. Instead, there is a separate police force for each of 52 areas into which the country is divided. Each has a police authority — a committee of local county councilors and magistrates.

The forces co-operate with each other, but it is unusual for members of one force to operate in another's area unless they are asked to give assistance. This sometimes happens when there has been a very serious crime. A Chief Constable (the most senior police officer of a force) may sometimes ask for the assistance of London's police force, based at New-Scotland Yard — known simply as "the Yard".

In most countries the police carry guns. In Britain, however, this is extremely unusual. Policemen do not, as a rule, carry firearms in their day- to-day work, though certain specialist units are trained to do so and can be called upon to help the regular police force in situations where firearms are involved, e.g. terrorist incidents, armed robberies, etc. The only policemen who routinely carry weapons are those assigned to guard politicians and diplomats, or special officers who patrol airports.

In certain circumstances specially trained police officers can be armed,

but only with the signed permission of a magistrate.

All members of the police must have gained a certain level of academic qualifications at school and undergone a period of intensive training. Like in the army, there are a number of ranks: after the Chief Constable comes the Assistant Chief Constable, Chief Superintendent, Chief Inspector, Inspector, Sergeant and Constable. Women make up about 10 per cent of the police force. The police are helped by a number of Special Constables — members of the public who work for the police voluntarily for a few hours a week.

Each police force has its own Criminal Investigation Department (CID). Members of CIDs are detectives, and they do not wear uniforms. The other uniformed people you see in British towns are traffic wardens. Their job is to make sure that drivers obey the parking regulations. They have no other powers — it is the police who are responsible for controlling offences like speeding, careless driving and drunken driving.

The duties of the police are varied, ranging from assisting at accidents to safeguarding public order and dealing with lost property. One of their main functions is, of course, apprehending criminals and would-be criminals.

 

TASK 1. Answer the following questions:

1. Who was the founder of the British police?

2. What does ‘walking the beat’ mean?

3. Why British police cars are called ‘jam-sandwich’ cars in colloquial speech?

4. Is there a single police force, organised by central government?

5. What is the major difference in police organization between British and some other countries?

6. When do British police forces co-operate with each other?

7. What is the name of London's police headquarters?

8. In what situations can policemen carry arms?

9. What are the ranks of policemen?

10. What is the job of CID officers?

11. What are the duties of traffic wardens?

12. What is Scotland Yard and what does it do?

TASK 2. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the appropriate words and expressions from the previous text:

In Britain different areas have different 1____ ____. For instance, the Metropolitan police operate in London, but there are different police forces in the counties outside London.

The top man in each police force is 2______ _____. He is appointed by the local Watch Committee which is a 3_____ ____ of the local government. The Watch Committee can dismiss him, too, if the central government agrees. The Chief Constable appoints all the 4_____ below him in his force.

Things are slightly different in London. The top man is known as the Metropolitan Police Commissioner and his appointment is arranged through the central government.

British police are normally not5 _____. In special cases, when their work becomes dangerous, they can be given 6______ however. 'As is well known, the 7______ of the British policeman is blue, with a tall helmet. These days, though, you can see a different uniform in the streets. This is the uniform with the yellow hatband worn by 8________. Their job is simply to control traffic and 9____ _____. The most famous name connected with the British police is 10____ _____. It is the headquarters of the London police force. Besides dealing with local police matters, the London police also help all over England and Wales with difficult crimes. They do this at the request of the local police.

Task 3 Translate into English;

ü

В Великобритании существует 52 полицейских подразделения: 43 в Англии и Уэльсе,8 в Шотландии и 1 в Северной Ирландии. Полиция и полиция лондонского Сити отвечают за охрану общественного порядка. Кроме того, специальное подразделение транспортной полиции патрулирует железнодорожную сеть, а также метро Лондона.

 

Task 4 Match the colomns:

Police uniform a. полицейский

2. Police b. национальная полиция

3. Police force c. полиция

4. Policeman d. полицейское подразделение

5. National police e. полицейская форма

6. Police authority f. полицейская власть

7. Police officer g. офицер полиции

Grammar

1.The Gerund (Герундий)

Герундий, как причастие и инфинитив, - неличная форма глагола. В русском языке нет соответствующей глагольной формы.

Герундий обладает свойствами как глагола, так и существительного.

1) Свойства глагола.

1. Как и глагол, герундий имеет формы времени и залога.

	Active	Passive
Indefinite	writing	being written
Perfect	having written	having been written

 

Indefinite Gerund выражает процесс в наиболее общем виде.

I like reading novels by modern British writers. Мне нравиться читать романы современных английских писателей.

I don’t like being read to. Мне не нравиться, когда мне читают.

Perfect Gerund выражает действие, которое обычно предшествует действию, выраженному глаголом в личной форме.

You should congratulate them on having completed the job. Вам следует поздравить их с окончанием работы.

Примечание: Наиболее употребительная форма герундия – Indefinite Gerund Active.

2. Как и глагол, герундий может принимать прямое дополнение.

I am sorry for having missed your lecture. Извините, что я не был на вашей лекции.

3.Герундий, как и глагол, может определяться наречием.

I do not like your coming late every time. Мне не нравится, что вы каждый раз приходите поздно (опаздываете).

2) Свойства существительного.

Герундий может определяться притяжательным местоимением или существительным в притяжательном или общем падеже.

Excuse my interrupting you Извините, что я вас прерываю.

I insist on his (Peter’s, Peter) taking pert in the discussion. Я настаиваю на том, чтобы он (Петр) принял участие в обсуждении.

2. Герундий употребляется с предлогом.

On arriving at the station they found no car. Прибыв (когда они прибыли) на вокзал, они не нашли машины.