Подлежащее – сказуемое – дополнение – обстоятельство

Порядок слов в специальных вопросах, относящихся к второстепенным членам предложения:

Вопросительное слово – вспомогательный глагол – подлежащее - смысловой глагол – второстепенные члены предложения.

Например:

When	do	they	have	lunch?
Who(m)	do	you	play	tennis with?
Whatbooks	does	your son	like	to read?
How many apples	does	she	eat	a day?
Whose songs	do	you	prefer	to sing?

 

 

В специальных вопросах с to be и have got вспомогательный глагол не употребляется. Например:

Where is your cousin now?

How many mobile phones have you got?

В вопросах к подлежащему или его определению вспомогательный глагол отсутствует, а смысловой глагол употребляется в 3-ем лице единственного числа. На вопросы, относящиеся к подлежащему, обычно дается краткий ответ.

Он состоит из подлежащего и соответствующей формы вспомогательного глагола или глаголов to be/to have.

Who	is	the manager of Brown &Co?	- Mr. Smith is. - I am.
Who	has got	a large house near London?	- Mr. Brown has. - We have.
Who	speaks	English fluently?	- My friend Boris does.
Who	plays	the piano?	- My children do. - I do.
Whose bag	is	on the table?	- Mine.
How many students	leave	for London?	- Seven.

 

 

Вопрос к сказуемому:

What	does	he	do	on Sundays?
What	do	you	do	after your classes?

Альтернативные вопросы

Альтернативный вопрос – это вопрос, предполагающий в ответе выбор между двумя или более предметами, действиями или качествами, выраженными однородными членами предложения, соединенными союзом or (или).

Порядок слов в альтернативном вопросе такой же, как и в общем вопросе.

Is your family big or small?	- It is small.
Are you an economist or a lawyer?	- I am a lawyer.
Does Tom speak German or French?	- He speaks French.
Do they live in Londonor in Brighton?	- They live in Brighton.

 

Разделительные вопросы

Разделительные вопросы употребляются, когда говорящий ожидает от собеседника подтверждения высказанной мысли. Они состоят из двух частей: утвердительного или отрицательного предложения и краткого вопроса. На русский язык вторая (вопросительная) часть разделительного вопроса может быть переведена выражениями «не правда ли?», «не так ли?» или усилительной частицей «ведь» в составе вопросительного предложения.

It is difficult, isn’t it? Это сложно, не так ли?

You are a manager, aren’t you? Вы менеджер, не правда ли?

He hasn’t got a car, has he? У него ведь нет машины?

They don’t leave the office at 5.30, do they? Они ведь не работают сверхурочно?

Exercises

I.Поставьте нужную форму глагола to be (Present Simple) .

1. I … a company manager.

2. It … a new model.

3. You … a good economist.

4. He… on business in London.

5. These … our computers.

6. We … business partners.

7. This … our office.

8. Jane.. a secretary.

9. They … new clients.

10. You.. always on time.

 

 

II. Вставьте am/am not, is/isn’t, are/aren't .

1. … he a business partner? No, he …. He … a client.

2. It … 10 o’clock. You.. late again.

3. …. you busy now? No, I ….

4. … I right? Yes, you ….

5. It … public holiday. The shops … open today.

6. Our clients … from Italy. They … from France.

7. Rome … in Spain. It … in Italy.

8. … the manager in? No, he … out.

9. We … interested in your products. Your price … too high.

10. It … a good offer but I… ready to discuss it now.

 

III. Выберите правильную форму глагола

1. I usually come/comes to the office at 9.00.

2. They often go/goes out for lunch.

3. John start/starts work at 10 and finish/finishes at 6.

4. I work/works for a trade company.

5. You go/goes on business to different countries.

6. Our managers often meet/meets customers.

7. Mr. Brown phone/phones our business partners.

8. She get/gets letters every day.

9. We visit/visits the factory every week.

10. You often send/sends faxes.

IV. Задайте общий вопрос, вставив нужную форму глагола: do/does, is/are .

1. … they sell products to different countries?

2. … you always busy at work?

3. … Mr.White always stay in the office till 7?

4. … your company interested in a new model?

5. … they have talks every month?

6. … Jack often late for the meeting?

7. … Charlie work for this company?

8. … you have lunch in the office?

9. … the manager write letters?

10. … you interested in our products?

V. Задайте специальные вопросы к выделенным словам.

1. She is always very busy.

2. The secretary is in the office.

3. We discuss business matters at the talks.

4. He is a manager.

5. They are from Great Britain.

6. I work for this company.

7. Fiona likes her work.

8. We come to the office at 10 o’ clock.

9. I receive mail every day.

10. We have partners in Poland.

 

Section B

Text A

SMIRNOV’S DAY

Smirnov is the President of a foreign trade firm.

In the morning he gets up at about 6.30. He leaves for work at eight o’clock. His office hours begin at 9 o’clock but he usually comes earlier to get ready for work.

In the morning the secretary brings him letters and cables. He reads the mail and sends answers to foreign firms. He often receives foreign businessmen at his office. They usually come to discuss prices, terms of payment, shipment and delivery and other business matters. Sometimes he goes abroad on business to have talks with foreign customers. Smirnov speaks two foreign languages.

At 12.00 Smirnov has lunch. He finishes work at 6 o’clock in the evening, but if there is some urgent business he stays at the office later.

Smirnov usually has dinner at home.

After dinner he reads newspapers and magazines, listens to the radio or watches television and helps his wife about the house. He goes to bed at 11.00.

 

abroad adv – за границей, за границу

cable n – телеграмма

customer n – заказчик, клиент

delivery n – поставка

discuss v – обсуждать

foreign a – иностранный

a foreign trade firm – внешнеторговая компания

language n – язык

leave v – уходить, уезжать

mail n – почта

matter n – вопрос

business matter

office hours – рабочий день

payment n – платеж, оплата

price n – цена

ready a – готовый

get ready – подготовиться

receive v – получать

send v – отправлять, посылать

shipment n - отгрузка

stay v – оставаться

talks n – переговоры

have talks – вести переговоры

terms n – условия

trade n – торговля

urgent a – срочный

 

Exercises

I. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.

1. What does Mr. Smirnov do?

2. What time does he go to work?

3. When does his working day begin?

4. Why does he come to work earlier?

5. Who brings him mail?

6. Whom does he send the answers to?

7. Whom does he receive at the office?

8. What do they discuss?

9. Does he often go abroad? What for?

10. How many foreign languages does he speak?

11. Does he always leave the office at 6 p.m.? Why or why not?

12. What does he do in the evening?

 

II. Согласитесь с данными утверждениями или опровергните их.

1. Mr. Smirnov is a businessman.

2. He starts to work early.

3. He receives a lot of mail.

4. Mr. Smirnov receives foreign businessmen at home.

5. He discusses many different business points with foreign customers.

6. Mr. Smirnov never travels abroad.

7. He doesn’t speak foreign languages.

8. He always leaves the office at 6 in the evening.

9. In the evening he usually stays at home.

 

III. Составьте словосочетания, используя слова из двух столбцов.

1. business 2. foreign 3. office 4. terms of 5. to discuss 6. to go 7. to have 8. to send 9. trade 10. urgent

a letter abroad business delivery firm hours point prices talks trade

 

IV. Заполните пропуски предлогами, где это необходимо.

1. Mr. Dunn is a Director ____ Blake&Co.

2. My office hours begin ____ 9.30 in the morning.

3. We often send letters ____ our British customers.

4. Our manager often has talks ___ American partners.

5. I can speak ___ English.

6. Mr. Brown never receives customers ____ home.

7. Are you ready ____ the talks?

8. During the talks we discuss _____ terms ____ shipment and delivery.

 

V. Заполните пропуски, используя приведенные ниже слова.

Abroad customers delivery foreign have talks leaves office hours points receives sends urgent

1. We often meet ________ businessmen.

2. My _________ are from 9 till 18.

3. Mr. Bell _________ the office at 18.30.

4. Do you often go __________? – Yes, we often go to Great Britain and the USA.

5. Our director often __________ much mail.

6. Do you have any _________ business? – Yes, I have three letters to write.

7. What business __________ do you usually discuss at the talks? – We discuss terms of payment and _________.

8. Do you have foreign _________? – Yes, we do business with English and French businessmen.

9. How often do you _________ with your partners? – We meet every week and discuss different business points.

10. Who ________ letters to you customers? – Our secretary does.

 

Text B

ISABELLE SEGURA

Isabelle Segura comes from France. She is a lawyer.

“In my job I get emails, documents and company information in English so I read a lot in English. I sometimes use English on the phone – for example, when I speak to clients in the US and in other countries – but it’s difficult for me. Fortunately I don’t make phone calls in English very often. I prefer to write emails, but I always ask a colleague to check my English before I send them!”

 

 

I=Interviewer, IS= Isabelle Segura, C= Corrado de Iudicibus

INTERVIEWER	Isabelle, can you describe some of the things you do every day at work?
ISABELLE	Well, first, I read my emails, then write replies. I read a lot of other things, too, documents, for example, and information – that’s the work of the lawyer! I make phone calls, I have meetings with clients and give them advice.
INTERVIEWER	Do you have meetings with colleagues too?
ISABELLE	Yes, we have meetings to discuss clients’ problems.
INTERVIEWER	Where do you meet clients – at your office or at their office?
ISABELLE	Foreign clients come to our office but I visit clients who have an office in Paris.
INTERVIEWER	Do you have business lunches with clients as well?
ISABELLE	Yes, sometimes.
INTERVIEWER	And do you travel to other cities or countries?
ISABELLE	No, I don’t. My work is all in Paris.
INTERVIEWER	Thank you, Isabelle.

 

advice n – совет

check v – проверять

client n – клиент

colleague n – коллега

come from v – быть родом из…

describe v – описывать

difficult a – сложный, трудный

lawyer n – юрист

make v phone calls – звонить по телефону

meet v – встречать, встречаться

meet clients – встречаться с клиентами

meeting n – встреча

have a meeting – проводить встречу

phone n – телефон

on the phone – по телефону

prefer v – предпочитать

reply n – ответ

travel v – путешествовать, ездить

use v – пользоваться, использовать

visit v – посещать

visit clients – ездить к клиентам

 

Exercises

I. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.

1. Where is Isabelle from?

2. What is her job?

3. How often does she use English on the phone?

4. Who does she speak English to?

5. Why doesn’t she make phone calls in English very often?

6. Who checks her e-mails?

7. What does she usually read at work?

8. What does she discuss at the meetings with her colleagues?

9. Where does she meet her clients?

10. Does Isabelle travel much?