How practical are you? Can you look after yourself?

За каждый положительный ответ вы получаете один балл.

1. Can you cook cabbage soup?

2. Who can make a birthday cake in your family?

3. Could you roast a chicken when you alone?

4. Could you fry potatoes when you were 8?

5. Can you boil an egg?

6. Can you cook scrambled eggs?

7. Can you make a salad?

8. Could you fix an iron when your father was out?

9. Can you repair a car?

10. Can you mend a hole in a jumper?

11. Can you sew a button?

12. You can use a washing machine, can you?

13. Can you use a vacuum cleaner?

14. Are you able to fix a mincer?

15. Will you be able to type a letter if it is necessary?

16. Can you make a bed well?

17. Can you tie a tie?

18. Can you put a hook in a wall to hang a picture?

19. Since when can you peel potatoes?

20. Could you set (lay) the table if guests came?

 

Check how practical you are.

From 18 to 20, you are a very practical person. You can deal with difficult situations.

From 14 to 17, you are quite good at looking after yourself. There may be some problems which ate too complicated for you, but you can survive.

To 14, you need the help of others. You wouldn`t be able to do much without help. Learn how to do different activities and your life will be easy.

Упражнение 5. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в правильной временной форме.

1. He said that he (не сможет) … come.

2. I (не могу) … believe it.

3. My brother (мог) … read when he was five.

4. They (не могли) … find anywhere to park.

5. You (можете) … drive?

6. I am afraid I (не смогу) … come on Saturday evening.

7. – You (сможете) … to meet her at the airport tomorrow?

– I am afraid I (не смогу) ….

Упражнение 6. Дополните предложения глаголами can, can’t, could, couldn’t и одним из предложенных глаголов

come eat hear run sleep wait

1. I’m afraid I can’t come to your party next week.

2. When Tim was 16, he was a fast runner. He…....100 metres in 11 second.

3. «Are you in a hurry?» «No, I’ve got plenty of time. I…............»

4. I was feeling sick yesterday. I……………………anything.

5. Can you speak up a bit? I ……………………….you very well.

6. «You looked tired.» «Yes, I……………………..last night».

 

Упражнение 7. Вставьте must or can’t

1. You’ve been travelling all day. You must be very tired.

2. That restaurant………..be very good. It is always full of people.

3. That restaurant………..be very good. It is always empty.

4. You are going on holiday next week. You …………..be looking forward to it.

5. It rained every day during their holiday, so they……….have had a very nice time.

6. Congratulations on passing your exam. You …………….be very pleased.

7. You got here very quickly. You………….have walked very fast.

8. Bill and Sue go away on holiday very often, so they………….be short of money.

Упражнение 8. Дополните предложения глаголами must и have to в нужной форме.

1. It is later than I thought. I must or have to go on.

2. Jack left before the end of the meeting. He had to go home early.

3. In Britain many children………..wear uniform when they go to school.

4. When you come to London again, you……….come and see us.

5. Last night Don became ill suddenly. We ……………….call a doctor.

6. I am sorry I couldn’t come yesterday. I …………..work late.

7. I am afraid I can’t come to morrow. I …………..work late.

8. We couldn’t repair the car ourselves. We ……………take it to a garage.

Упражнение 9. Переведите на английский язык, используя can, must, may, ought to.

1. Она может рассказать вам много интересного.

2. Теперь ты можешь идти гулять, так как уже сделал все уроки.

3. В лагере мы должны отдыхать час или два после обеда, а потом мы можем делать, что хотим.

4. Тебе следовало бы прочесть «Приключения Тома Сойера».

5. Мой брат должен через неделю ехать на юг.

6. Можешь ли ты говорить по-французски?

 

Глаголы can, could, will, would, выражающие просьбу

(просьба, можете, не могли бы Вы)

Could you…? Can you..? Will you..? Would you?

Can you bring me a cup of tea? – Не мог бы ты принести мне чашку чая?

Could you open the door, please? – не мог бы ты открыть дверь, пожалуйста?

Would you like to go to the movie? – Не хотел бы ты пойти в кино?

Упражнение 10. Вставьте необходимые модальные глаголы (must, should, would, ought to, have to, needn’t, can, could, may).

1. I … not go to the theatre with them last night, I … revise the grammar rules and the word for the test. 2. My friend lives a long way from his college and … get up early. 3. All of us … be in the time for classes. 4. When my friend has his English, he … stay at the office after work. 5. … you … work hard to do well in your English? 6. «… we discuss this question now?» – «No, we … We … do it tomorrow afternoon.» 7. «Please send them this article.» – «Oh, … I do it now?»

 

Упражнение 11. Вставьте необходимые модальные глаголы (must, should, would, ought to, have to, needn’t, can, could, may).

1. They … not do this work themselves.

2. You … take my dictionary.

3. You don’t look well, you … consult the doctor.

4. Why … I gave you my money?

5. She … not speak any foreign language.

6. He … to help them, they need his help.

7. … you tell me the time?

8. … I go with you? No, you….

9. Your daughter … have told about this.

10. In winter we … often skate.

11. You … miss your classes.

12. … you play the piano before?

Упражнение 12. Поставьте глаголы can, can’t, couldn’t, must, mustn’t, needn’t в пропуски.

1. Excuse me … you help me?

2. I am sorry, but I … lend you the money. I am short of money myself.

3. Don’t drive so fast! You … drive faster than 30 miles an hour here!

4. Yesterday I … go to the doctor’s. I … go to school.

5. It is not an important meeting. You … come, if you … find the time.

6. It is getting late … you work a little faster?

7. It is not as late as you think. We … walk so fast. We … take our time.

8. If you want to pas your exams you … work harder.

9. Yesterday it was raining so we … play outside. I hope we … go outside tomorrow.

10. Where … I buy a pair of jeans like those? – You … buy them here in Britain. I bought these in the USA.

Упражнение 13. Для каждой ситуации напишите предложения с should или should not, используя фразы, которые даны ниже.

go away for a few days go to bed so late look for another job

Put some pictures on the walls take a photograph use her car so much

1. (Liz needs a change.) She should go away for a few days.

2. (My salary is very low.) You………………………………

3. (Jack always has difficulty getting up.) He……………….

4. (What a beautiful view.) You……………………………..

5. (Sue drives everywhere. She never walks.) She…………..

6. (Bill’s room is not very interesting.) ……………………...

Упражнение 14. Выберите правильный модальный глагол.

1. We … cancel the meeting. The proposals are not ready yet.

a) may;

b) can;

c) have to.

2. Sorry I won’t be in Moscow at that time. I … go to Minsk. My parents will celebrate their fortieth wedding anniversary.

a) must;

b) need to;

c) may.

3. You … thank them. They have done so much for you.

a) can;

b) may;

c) ought to.

4. The shop was losing money, so they … close down.

a) must;

b) had to;

c) could.

5. You … exercise every day to keep fit.

a) can;

b) may;

c) must.

6. He is overworking. He really … go to bed earlier.

a) may;

b) can;

c) should.

7. I have a splitting headache. I … take an aspirin.

a) may;

b) can;

c) must.

8. I know you … do the job because you have knowledge and experience.

a) can;

b) may;

c) have to.

9. We told him he … go home

a) could;

b) may;

c) can.

10. You … drive carefully, it is foggy today.

a) can;

b) could;

c) should.

11. Times are hard but I … survive.

a) may;

b) ought to;

c) must.

12. ….you travel to the UK without a visa?

a) should;

b) must;

c) can.

13. She … visit her parents more often.

a) may;

b) should;

c) needs to.

14. The child … not part with his old teddy bear.

a) shall;

b) can;

c) may.

15. – Must I work this weekend? – No, you …

a) mustn’t;

b) can’t;

c)needn’t.

Упражнение 15. Выберите правильный модальный глагол.

1. You will…speak Spanish in another few month.

a) can;

b) have;

c) be able to;

d) ought.

2. I’d like ….skate.

a) to can;

b) to be able to;

c) to have to;

d) could.

3. Nobody answers the phone. They…be out.

a) should;

b) would;

c) can;

d) must.

4. I;m sorry, I…have phoned to tell you I was coming.

a) should to;

b) ought to;

c) had to;

d) could.

5. To my mind, the government… take care of old people.

a) ought;

b) need to;

c) must;

d) may.

6. I… get up early on Mondays.

a) am able;

b) have to;

c) must;

d) may.

7. The policeman told the woman she… worry.

a) needn’t;

b) needn’t to;

c) couldn’t;

d) mustn’t.

8. …you mind passing me the salt?

a) will;

b) should;

c) could;

d) would.

9. As you … remember, I was always interested in scientific experiments.

a) may;

b) have to;

c) must;

d) ought to.

10. Little children like books with large print. They…read them more easily.

a) should;

b) must;

c) can;

d) have to.

11. …I speak to Jane, please?

a) could;

b) shall;

c) must;

d) ought.

12. My dentist says I…eat so many sweets.

a) needn’t;

b) mustn’t;

c) ought not;

d) shouldn’t.

 

13. –Why hasn’t MR. Grill got in touch with us?

- I don’t quite know. It…be that he has lost our phone.

a) may;

b) ought to;

c) must;

d) should.

14. – Liz seems to be avoiding you.

– I can’t tell you for a certain. She…have been hurt by my words about her boy.

a) should;

b) must;

c) might;

d) needn’t.

НЕЛИЧНЫЕ ФОРМЫ ГЛАГОЛА

 

В отличие от личных форм, неличные формы выражают действие без указания лица и числа.

К неличным формам глагола относятся:

1. Инфинитив (the Infinitive). «To be or not to be, that`s the question».

2. Герундий (Gerund). «The best part of living is loving and giving».

3. Причастие (the Participle). «Lost time is never found again», «Lose an hour in the morning, and you will spend all day looking for it».

Сравните:

Инфинитив

Alison likes to read. – Элисон любит читать

Герундий

Alison likes reading. – Элисон любит читать/ чтение.

Reading is Alison`s hobby. – Чтение – это любимое занятие Элисон.

Причастие

The girl reading a book in the library is Alison. – Девочка, читающая книгу в библиотеке, Элисон.

Reading the book, Alison found some interesting facts. – Читая книгу, Элисон нашла несколько интересных фактов.

The book read by Alison is very interesting. – Книга, прочитанная Элисон, очень интересная.

Having read the book, Alison went for a walk. – Прочитав книгу, Элисон пошла погулять.

Инфинитив (the Infinitive)

 

Соединяет в себе свойства глагола и существительного. Как глагол, инфинитив имеет формы залога и времени (в русском языке – не имеет), может иметь прямое дополнение, может определяться наречием. Как существительное, может служить в предложении подлежащим и дополнением.

Tense Voice	Simple	progressive	perfect	Perfect progressive
Active	To ask	To be asking	To have asked	To have been asking
Passive	To be asked	-	to have been asked	-

Наиболее употребительными являются формы Indefinite Infinitive и Perfect Infinitive в Active и Passive Voice.

1. Форма Indefinite Infinitive Active состоит из основы глагола + частица to (to ask, to walk);

2. Форма Indefinite Infinitive Passive образуется при помощи инфинитива вспомогательного глагола to be и формы причастия прошедшего времени смыслового глагола (Participle II): to be asked, to be walked.

3. Форма Continuous Active образуется при помощи инфинитива вспомогательного глагола to be и формы причастия настоящего времени смыслового глагола (Participle I): to be asking, to be walking.

4. Форма Perfect Infinitive Active образуется при помощи инфинитива вспомогательного глагола to have и причастия II смыслового глагола: to have asked, to have walked.

5. Форма Perfect Infinitive Passive образуется при помощи Perfect Infinitive вспомогательного глагола to be и причастия II смыслового глагола: to have been asked, to have been walked.

6. Форма Perfect Continuous Infinitive Active образуется при помощи Perfect infinitive вспомогательного глагола to be (to have been) и причастия I смыслового глагола: to have been asking, to have been walking.

7. Отрицательная частица not во всех формах ставится перед инфинитивом: not to ask, t\not to be asked, not to be asking.