Demonstrative pronouns – сілтеу есімдіктері

Қолданылуы:

This room is a dining-room, and that room is a sitting-room. – Мына бөлме – ас бөлмесі, ал ана бөлме – қонақ бөлмесі.

Today is such a nice day. – Бүгін сондай тамаша күн.

 

5. Interrogative pronouns – сұрау есімдіктері

Қолданылуы:

Who lives in this house? – Мына үйде кім тұрады?

What was in the box? – Қорапта не болды?

Whom did you see? – Сіз кімді көрдіңіз?

Whose idea was that? – Ол кімнің идеясы болды?

 

6. Relative pronouns – қатыстық есімдіктері

Қолданылуы:

I don't like what you say. – Маған сіздің не айтып тұрғаныңыз ұнамайды.

Whatever he says, they won't believe him. – Ол не айтса да олар оған сенбейді.

Take two of the sweets, whichever you prefer. – Өзіңе қандай болса да конфеттер ұнаса соның екеуін ал.

 

Indefinite pronouns – белгісіз есімдіктері

Қолданылуы:

Some man is waiting for you. – Сізді бір ер адам тосып тұр.

You may choose any answer. – Сіз кез-келген жауапты таңдай аласыз.

Some of them couldn't eat a thing. One couldn't even drink. – Олардың кейбіреуі еш нәрсе жей алмады. Кейбірі тіпті іше алмады.

All agree. – Барлығы келіседі.

From that time I became another man. – Сол уақыттан бері мен басқа адам болдым.

 

Negative pronouns – болымсыз есімдіктері

Қолданылуы:

No train stops here. – Мұнда ешқандай поезд тоқтамайды.

I like none of it. – Маған мұның ешқайсысы ұнамайды.

I was offered a hammer or an axe, but neither tool suited me. – Маған балға не балта ұсынды, бірақ ешқайсысы жарамады.

 

9. Reciprocal pronouns – ортақ есімдіктері

Қолданылуы:

John and Max don't like each other. – Джон мен Макс бірін бірі ұнатпайды.

Her last two books bear a strong likeness to one another. – Оның соңғы екі кітабы бір-біріне өте ұқсас.

Exercise 1. Change the underlined words with the pronouns:

1) Mary has cooked a wonderful cake. 2) She put her umbrella into the corner. 3) He has given his wife a beautiful rose. 4) The boy has broken the bicycle. 5) The children returned from school. 6) Your brother will be present too. 7) He won’t drink the milk. 8) My dress will be ready in time for the ball. 9) My sister will come back to us in a few days. 10) The dog will return to his master.

Exercise 2. Rewrite each sentence beginning as shown. Do not change the meaning.

1) Is this your bike? Is this bike yours?

2) That house belongs to me. That house is…

3) Paul likes Jane. They're friends. Paul and Jane are friends. He likes ….

4) I want to know the time. Can you tell…the time, please.

5) We own this car. This car is …

6) I invited John to my house for a talk. I wanted to talk to John so I invited…to my

house.

7) Jane has arrived. Those suitcases are….

8) Sam stayed in London because he liked the clubs there. Sam stayed in London

because he liked…clubs.

Exercise 3. Complete the sentences with -selves or each other.

1. How long have you and Bill known _each other?_

2. If people work too hard, they can make ---ill.

3. I need you and you need me. We need ---.

4. In Britain friends often give --- presents at Christmas.

5. Some people are very selfish. They only think of ---.

6. Nora and I don't see --- very often these days.

7. We couldn't get back into the house. We had locked --- out.

8. They've had an argument. They're not speaking to --- at the moment.

9. We'd never met before, so we introduced --- to ---.

10. Who repaired the bicycle for you? Nobody. I repaired it ---.

Exercise 4.Put necessary pronoun in each spase.

1. Despite her parents complaints, she decided to live by___in New York City.
2. If you happen to see your parents this weekend, give___my best regards.
3. I can't understand___when she speaks German with___.
4. Mary was worried about the children, so she convinced___husband not to accept the job abroad.
5. We came across a friend of___at the mall yesterday.
6. I can't find___pencil. Can I use___, Mary?
7. I cut___when I was peeling the potatoes.
8. This house is too expensive for___. We can't pay such a high rent.
9. I do my work and they do___.
10. Give it back to(I)___. It's___(I).

 

 

THE VERB «TO BE».

«TO BE» ЕТІСТІГІ.

To be (болу) бастауыш пен баяндауышты байланыстыратын көмекші етістік. Оның жіктік түрлері дара баяндауыш болумен қатар (He is in the room. – Ол бөлмеде.), күрделі баяндауыштың құрамы ретінде де қолданылады. h ice-cream.all. и отрицательных предложениях, а также в утвердительных предложениях после (I am a student. – Мен студентпін.). Қазақ тілінде to be (болу) етістігі осы шақта қолданылмайды, ал ағылшын тілінде ол сөйлем құрамында міндетті түрде қолдануы тиіс.

Болымды түрі. (The affirmative form).

I am a student. We are students.

You are a student. You are students.

She is a student. They are students.

He is a student.

It is a room.

Сұраулы түрі. (The Interrogative form).

Am I a student? Are we students?

Are you a student? Are you students?

Is he a student? Are they students?

Is she a student?

Is it a room?

Болымсыз түрі. (The Negative form).

I am not a student. We are not (aren’t)students.

You are not (aren’t) a student. You are not (aren’t)students.

He is not (isn’t) a student. They are not (aren’t)students.

She is not (isn’t) a student.

It is not (isn’t) a large room.