Write an essay of 10-15 sentences on what place take awards in history of our country?

Lesson 58.

Assignment 1. Read the following words and word combinations, using transcriptions:

valour	['vælə]	Buckingham Palace	['bʌkɪŋəm 'pælɪs]
Commonwealth	['kɔmənwelθ]	Governor-General	['gʌv(ə)nə 'ʤen(ə)r(ə)l]
Empire	['empaɪə]	Crimean War	[kraɪ'miːən wɔː]
precedence	['presɪd(ə)n(t)s]	Secretary of State for Defence	['sekrət(ə)rɪ ɔv steɪt fɔ dɪ'fen(t)s]
investiture	[ɪn'vestɪʧə]	Regulation	[ˌregjə'leɪʃ(ə)n]

 

Assignment 2. Active vocabulary: Learn the following words and word combinations:

No.	Word/word combination	Russianequivalent
1.	valour	бесстрашие, мужество, отвага
2.	previous	предыдущий; предшествующий
3.	precedence	первенство, превосходство
4.	recipient	адресат, получатель
5.	investiture	награждение
6.	realm	королевство; государство
	fulfil	выполнять; делать, исполнять
	to honor	в честь
	issue	исходить
	regimental	полковой
	witness	свидетель, очевидец
	on occasion	иногда, время от времени
	pass up	пропустить
	approve	утверждать
	signature	подпись
	ordain	посвящать в духовный сан
	brooch	брошь
	mess jacket	короткий двубортный жакет
	annuity	ежегодная рента, ежегодная выплата
	determined	определённый; назначенный, установленный

Assignment 3. Read the text, be ready to answer questions:

Victoria Cross

The Victoria Cross (VC) is the highest military decoration awarded for valour "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories.

It takes precedence over all other orders, decorations and medals. It may be awarded to a person of any rank in any service and to civilians under military command. In the United Kingdom, it is usually presented to the recipient or to their next of kin by the British monarch at an investiture held at Buckingham Palace. In other countries where the Monarch of the Commonwealth realms is the head of state, the Governor-General usually fulfil s the same function. It is the joint highest award for bravery in the United Kingdom with the George Cross, which is the equivalent honour for valour not in the face of the enemy. However, the VC is higher in the order of wear and would be worn first by an individual who had been awarded both decorations (which has not so far occurred).

The VC was introduced on 29 January 1856 by Queen Victoria to honor acts of valour during the Crimean War. Since then, the medal has been awarded 1,356 times to 1,353 individual recipients. Only 13 medals, nine to members of the British Army, and four to the Australian Army, have been awarded since the Second World War.

A recommendation for the VC is normally issue d by an officer at regimental level, or equivalent, and has to be supported by three witnesses, although this has been waived onoccasion. The recommendation is then passed up the military hierarchy until it reaches the Secretary of State for Defence. The recommendation is then laid before the monarch who approves the award with his or her signature.

The VC is always the first decoration worn in a row of medals and it is the first set of post-nominal letters used to indicate any decoration or order.

The Victoria Cross was at first worn as the recipient fancied. It was popular to pin it on the left side of the chest over the heart, with other decorations grouped around the VC.

In 1900 it was ordained in Dress Regulations for the Army that it should be worn after the cross of a Member of the Royal Victorian Order.

In 1902 King Edward VII gave the cross its present position on a bar brooch. The cross is also worn as a miniature decoration on a brooch or a chain with mess jacket, white tie or black tie.

Today holders of the Victoria Cross or George Cross are entitled to an annuity, the amount of which is determined by the awarding government. Since 2002, the annuity paid by the British Government is £1,495 per year.

Answer the questions:

1. When is the Victoria Cross awarded?

2. What precedence has it?

3. Where is it usually presented?

4. When was the Victoria Cross introduced?

5. Why was it introduced?

6. How many times has the medal been awarded?

7. Who gives a recommendation for the VC?

8. Who approves the award after that?

9. How is the VC worn?

10. What privilege do the recipients become?

Assignment 4. Give definitions of the following words and word combinations:

Valour, cross, the highest military decoration, valour, precedence, recipient, the head of state, highest award for bravery, to honor, regimental level, on occasion, pass up, approve, the first decoration, it was ordained, a bar brooch, mess jacket, an annuity.

 

Assignment 5. Listen to the recording and answer the following questions.

Thesection is the smallest element in the army. The section commander is a corporal and the second in command (2IC) is a lance corporal. An infantry section has between eight and ten men.

A platoon has three sections. The platoon commander is a second lieutenant or lieutenant. A sergeant is second in command. An infantry platoon has between 29 and 36 officers and men.

A company has three platoons. The commander is called the OC (officer commanding). In the British Army the OC is a major. The 2IC is a captain. The senior NCO is a company sergeant major (CSM).

An infantry battalion has five companies. The commander is called the CO (commanding officer). The CO is a lieutenant colonel and his 2IC is a major. The senior NCO is the regimental sergeant major (RSM).

Look through the words below before listening:

corporal	капрал
lance corporal	младший капрал
infantry	пехота
NCO	военнослужащий сержантского состава
lieutenant colonel	подполковник
regimental sergeant major	полковой старшина

Questions:

1. What is the section commander?

2. What is the second in command?

3. What is the platoon commander?

4. How is the commander in platoon called?

5. What is the officer commanding in the British Army?

6. What is the seior NCO in an infantry platoon?