Lesson 53.Laser technologies

Assignment 1. Read the following words and word combinations, using transcriptions:

laser	['leɪzə]	Dye laser	[daɪ] ['leɪzə]
amplification	[ˌæmplɪfɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n]	navigation	[ˌnævɪ'geɪʃ(ə)n]
Semiconductor laser	[ˌsemɪkən'dʌktə] ['leɪzə]	installation	[ˌɪnstə'leɪʃ(ə)n]

 

Assignment 2. Active vocabulary: Learn the following words and word combinations

No.	Word/ word combination	Russian equivalent
0.	emit	испускать, выделять
1.	based on	основываться на
2.	originated as	возник как
3.	gain medium	активная среда
4.	laser pumping energy	энергия накачки лазера
5.	high reflector	непрозрачное зеркало
6.	output coupler	полупрозрачное зеркало
7.	laser beam	лазерные лучи
8.	accelerated rates	ускоренными темпами
9.	amplification	распространение, усиление
10.	Semiconductor laser	полупроводниковый лазер
11.	Dye laser	лазер на красителях
12.	installation	установка

 

Assignment 3. Read the text; be ready to answer the questions.

Recently introduction of laser equipment in all branches of a national economy considerably extended. Now lasers are used in space researches, in mechanical engineering, in medicine, in computer facilities, in aircraft construction and military equipment.

A laser is a device that emits light (electromagnetic radiation) through a process of optical amplificationbased on the stimulated emission of photons. The term "laser" originated as an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. The emitted laser light is notable for its high degree of spatial and temporal coherence, unattainable using other technologies.

 

Components of a typical laser:

1. Gain medium

2. Laser pumping energy

3. High reflector

4. Output coupler

5. Laser beam

In the classical view, the energy of an electron orbiting an atomic nucleus is larger for orbits further from the nucleus of an atom. However, quantum mechanical effects force electrons to take on discrete positions in orbitals. Thus, electrons are found in specific energy levels of an atom, two of which are shown below:

There are many different types of lasers: Gas lasers, Chemical lasers, Excimer lasers, Solid-state lasers, Fiber lasers, Photonic crystal lasers, Semiconductor lasers, Dye lasers, Free electron lasers, Bio laser, Exotic laser media.

Use of lasers in military science.

There are main directions, which introduce laser equipment to military science. These directions are:

1. Laser location (land, onboard, submarine).

2. Laser communication.

3. Laser navigation systems.

4. Laser weapon.

5. Laser system of The Aerospace Defense Forces.

 

Introduction of lasers to military equipment goes the accelerated rates Russia, the USA, France, England, and Japan.

Now in the USA there is a flight laser's laboratory on which the fighting laser installation is established. It is used in the military purposes. The truth while experiments on its use show that it has a set of defects and shortcomings.

The real emergence of the fighting laser weapon in Russia is possible in 2015-2020.

Questions:

1. What does a laser mean?

2. What do you know about laser?

3. What kinds of lasers are there?

4. How can we use lasers in military science?

5. In which countries are the lasers used?

 

Assignment 4. Fill in the missing letters.

LASER-L _ght A mpl_ficat_on by S t_mul_ted E m_ss_on of R ad_at_on

Assignment 5. Name all parts of the laser.

 

2.Solid-state laser

Assignment 6. Match.

1.Photonic crystal laser

5.Gas laser

 

3.Dye laser

4.Chemical laser

 

a) … is a laser that obtains its energy from a chemical reaction.

b) … is a laser in which an electric current is discharged through a gas to produce coherent light.

c) … is a laser which uses an organic dye as the lasing medium, usually as a liquid solution.

d) … is a laser that uses a liquid crystal as the resonator cavity.

e) … is a laser that uses a gain medium that is a solid, rather than a liquid such as in dye lasers or a gas as in gas lasers.

 

Assignment 7. Work in pairs.

Make your own dialogues using the words and expressions from the text about lasers in our life.

Home assignment.

Choose a type of the laser and write an article about it. (100-150 words)

 

Lesson 54, 55.Create a project on: “Weapons and military technique of English speaking countries (UK, the USA) and Russia” (200-250 words)

 

 

Section 4. Peculiarity of Military Culture, Etiquette and Military Languages.

Theme 1. Insignia and awards in Great Britain.