Test. Поставьте инфинитивы в нужную форму: или в форму глагола в past indefinite, или в форму причастия 2 (participle 2).

1. The various orbital operations... above are... in detail below (to consider, to discuss)

2. Sputnic 2,... less than a month later than Sputnic 1,... a passenger, — a dog... Laika (to carry, to name, to launch)

3. We... a procedure very similar to that... above, (to describe, to use)

4. Because of the large flows... the pumps... are of the centrifugal type, (to use, to involve)

5. The results of flights... by Luna automatic stations... science with new important data on the Moon, (to en­rich, to make)

3) Переведите, сопоставьте причастия 2 (прошедшего времени) с Past Indefinite Active тех глаголов, у которых эти формы совпадают. Если в предложении рядом стоят две формы с окончанием -ed, то первая форма с окончани­ем -ed является причастием 2 в функции определения, а вторая форма с окончанием -ed является глаголом — ска­зуемым в Past Indefinite Active.

1. The work performed showed good results.

2. The substance obtained contained some admixtures.

3. The type of the particle emitted depended not only on the binding energy (энергия связи).

4. The engineers invited declared their demands.

5. The temperature of the liquid obtained remained con­stant.

 

4) Переведите на английский язык. Образуйте причастие 2 от данных глаголов.

Полученные (to obtain) results had great importance.

2. Пройденные (to pass) kilometres were very difficult.

3. Известный (to know) address helped us greatly.

4. Услышанная (to hear) melody made me recall my youth.

Оставленная (to leave) clothes were in bad condition.

6. Вымытая (to wash) plate has broken to pieces.

 

5) Найдите причастия, укажите их функцию.

1. The work done is evidently equal to mgh.

2. Hydrogen is the lightest element known.

3. The work required results in a loss of energy.

4. The answer, of cource, depends on the type of unit con­cerned.

5. None of the authors concerned, however, had based his experiment on this method.

6. The velocity of a reactor depends on the specific nature of the substances involved.

7. This half life (период полураспада) is characteristic only of the particular nucleus concerned.

8. The explanation of many of the physical phenomena in­volved presents some difficulties.

6) Обстоятельственные причастные обороты стоят на месте обстоятельства и могут вводиться союзами: when ког­да. if если, whenever всякий раз, когда, unless если... не, until пока... не, though хотя, хотя и..., once когда, раз и др.

Причастные обороты с предшествующими союзами пе­реводятся: 1) деепричастными оборотами с соответствую­щей формой деепричастия; 2) отглагольным существитель­ным с предлогом "при", "без"; 3)глаголом в личной форме в функции сказуемого обстоятельственного придаточного предложения.

7) Переведите, найдите причастные обороты:

1. Unless heated, this substance does not melt.

2. Gold does not rust not even when heated.

3. This substance does not dissolve in water whether heat­ed or not.

4. This reaction will be of little service unless catalized or carried out at high temperature.

5. Metals do not melt until heated to a definite temperature.

6. Once started, the plate current (анодный ток) is no longer affected by the grid voltage.

7. If presented by arrows, the forces can be easily comput­ed. (сеточное напряжение)

8. Given the weight and the specific gravity of a body you can calculate its volume.

9. Considered from this point of view, the question will be of great interest.

10. Unless otherwise specified, the tables are given for a perfect gas. (Если не оговорено особо, эти таблицы даны для идеального газа)

Going around the Earth once every 29 days is our Moon, at a distance of 24000 miles.

8) Определительные причастные обороты с Participle 1 стоят после определяемого слова. Причастия переводятся в том же времени, в котором стоит сказуемое главного предложения.

Переведите:

They were looking at the children playing in the garden.

The substance affecting a magnetic field was metallic.

The scientists following this technique investigated some phenomena of radioactivity.

The metals being electrical conductors will make very suitable electrodes.

The acceleration of a body is proportional to the force causing it.

The relative density of a gas is equal to the molecular weight of the other gas (usually hydrogen) being used as the standard.

The volumes of gases entering into or resulting from a chemical reaction may be represented by a simple ratio of small numbers.

The remaining light, coming as it does from the edge of the sun, is much altered in quality, so that both sky and landscape take on a strange colour.

9. Under these conditions we may treat the corpuscle as consisting a group of waves having nearly identical fre­quencies.

9) Participle 1 в обстоятельственных оборотах. Найдите обороты, переведите:

1. Counting the net charges on each atom of the two com­pounds, reckoning an electron which is shared between

the atoms as contributing half of its charge to each, the following scheme is obtained.

2. Several rays of light are shown passing from medium 2 to medium 1 in which their velocity is greater.

3. Rising from a substance illuminated by certain rays these particles can be observed.

4. To the writer's knowledge similar rocks have not been reported as existing elsewhere.

5. While isolating and separating radium, Mine Curie found other radioactive elements.

6. It is a matter of common observation that light is re­fracted when passing form one medium into another.

7. Solonchak soils as morphological units are rare, occur­ring, when they do, in step positions.

10) Perfect Participles. Найдите обороты, переведите:

1. Having become familiar with the main laws of statics, we can study the laws of dynamics.

2. Having accepted this set of laws, we can predict many things about the union of chemical substances.

3. Having obtained the necessary compound, we could fin­ish our experiment.

4. Having mixed these two substances, we put the mixture into a clean test-tube, (пробирка)

5. Mendeleyev should be regarded as having discovered the law of periodicity of the chemical elements.

6. Having described in a general way what is meant by an electric current, the next step is to introduce quantita­tive measures for such currents and their effects.

Text 3. Solutions of Triangles.

1) Vocabulary:

to bound ['baund] ограничивать, граничить to call [кэ:1] называть, звать

to draw drew drawn - чертить, рисовать

to consider - рассматривать, считать, полагать

opposite – противоположный

equal – равный

length - длина

degree - градус, ступень, степень

oblique - наклонный, косой

provided - при условии, что...

1. Any figure bounded (ограниченные) by three straight lines is called a triangle. Any one of the three lines may be called the base, and the line drawn from the angle opposite the base at right angles to it is called the height or altitude of the triangle.

2. If all the three sides of a triangle are of equal length, the triangle is called equilateral. Each one of the three angles in equilateral triangle equals 60 degrees.

3. If two sides are of equal length, the triangle is an isosce­les triangle.

4. If one angle is a right or 90-degree angle, the triangle is a right or a right-angled triangle. The side oppsite the right angle is called the hypotenuse.

5. If all the angles are less than 90 degrees, the triangle is called an acute or acute-angled triangle.

6. If one of the angles is larger than 90 degrees the trian­gle is called an obtuse-angled triangle. Both acute and obtuse-angled triangles are known under the common name of oblique-angled triangles. The sum of the three angles in every triangle is 180 degrees.

7.If a triangle is considered as consisting of six parts, three angles and three sides, the unknown parts can be deter­mined when any three parts are given, provided at least one of the given parts is a side.

8. Начертить:

The radius of the circle is equal to 2.08 (two point zero i nd ВС are mutually perpendic-

Through the centre of radius

OC. The length of chord ВС is equal to the radius of the circle. Two diametres of the circle are drawn through the ends of the chord AB.

2) Перевод выражений:

Is called называется

May be called может быть названо

Are known известно

Is considered считается

Can be determined могут быть определены

Are drawn начерчены

3). Упражнение на построение геометрических фигур. Задача: построить:

1.The angle ABC is an obtuse angle.

2.The straight lines EF and KL are mutually perpendicu­lar.