Видо-часові форми дієслова в пасивному стані: група неозначених часів (Present, Past, Future Indefinite). Особливості перекладу пасивних конструкцій на українську мову.

З.Модальні дієслова:

а) модальні дієслова, що передають можливість: can{could),may ra
еквівалент дієслова сап - to be able to;

б) модальні дієслова, що передають належність must та йото
еквіваленти to have to та to be to

Прості безособові форми дієслова Дієприкметник теперішнього часу - Participle l(Present Participle), дієприкметник минулого часу Participle if(Past Participle) в функціях означення та обставини.

5.Підрядні означальні та додаткові сполучникові речення; підрядні обставинні речення часу та умови.

Словотвори? суфікси дієслова та основні словотвірні префікси

Контрольна робота 2

 

Варіант 1 (А-Є)

 

1Перекладіть наступні речення з різними формами порівння.

1. A woman is as old as she looks, a man is as old as he feels.

2. You won't find a cheaper hotel round here. They'll all be as expensive as this one.

3. Girls are not as brave as boys.

 

2. Заповніть пропуски

1. He is... clever... he seems.

2. She was only five years younger... I was.

3. Birmingham is... large... London.

4. Tom boasted that he was twice... strong... myself.

 

3. Заполніть пропуски

1. I have... interesting news to tell you.

2. I have... time to speak to you now. I am very busy.

3. Have you got... English records at home?

4. Where can I buy... flowers?

 

4. Дайте відповіді, вживаючи наданні слова

1. Are the exercises for your homework difficult? unknown words

2. Is the flat you live in noisy? children

3. Is it pleasant to ski in the forest now? snow

 

5. Підкресліть правильне слово.

1. There is (much/many) furniture in this room.

2. She has (much/many) Russian but (few/little) English books.

3. Please, don't make so (much/many) noise.

4. There is (little/a little) paper in the drawer. You may take it.

 

6. Запишіть речення в пасивному стані, перекладіть.

1. The students translate texts during the lessons.

2. We use this room only on special occasions.

3. The police asked each of us about his movements on the night of the crime.

4. Mo one can do anything unless someone gives us more information.

 

7. Запишіть речення в активному стані

1. The police were called by the watchman and the man was arrested.

2. All sorts of things are left in buses. They are collected by the conductors and sent to the Lost Property Office.

3. The warehouse is guarded by dogs. A thief who tried to get in was seen by a dog and chased.

 

8. Поставте дієслова в пасивному стані.

1. I (to ask) at the lesson yesterday.

2. Many houses (to build) in our town every year.

3. This work (to do) tomorrow.

4. Basketball (to play) all year round.

 

9. Перекладіть речення.

1. Ancient people didn't know that the Earth goes around the Sun.

2. He realized that the old life he had lived in that city since his boyhood was ended.

3. It was uncertain whether the concert would be outdoors.

 

 

10. Перетворіть присудок головного речення в Past Indefinite і зробить необхідні зміни в підрядному реченні.

1. She says that she can read English books in the original.

2. We are sure that we shall pass our examinations.

3. It is known that Lomonosov founded Moscow University.

 

11. Вставте у речення дієслова з дужок у потрібному часі.

1. She said that she (to know) English a little.

2. We knew that they (to come) to visit us next week.

3. We were informed at the conference that many scientists (to work) at the problem of cancer.

 

12.Перетворіть пряму мову на непряму:

а) розповідне речення:

1 He said to me, «The Hermitage has the richest ' collection of pictures in the world. «to assure

2. He said to his friends, «I am leaving for Great Britain on Monday. «to inform

б) загальне питання:

1. «Were you trying to get at the secret files?«said Mr. Jones. to ask

в) спеціальне питання

1. Mary said to the ex-convict, «What did you miss to inquire most when you were in prison?*

2. The detective said, «How many people know the to ask combination of the safe?*

г) спонукальні речення:

1. «Please, fill up this form, «the secretary said. to ask

2. «Don't drive too fast, «she said to him. to advise

 

13. Перетворіть на пряму мову.

1. She asked me where 1 lived.

2. She asked me to hurry up as there was little time left before the beginning of the lesson.

3. He asked me what I should do if I did not find the article I needed.

 

14. Прочитайте текст і зробить письмовий переклад

Partnership

A partnership is an association of two or more persons to carry on a business for people. When the owners of the partnership have unlimited liability they are called general partners. If partners have limited liability they are " limited partners ". There may be silent partner as well - a person who is known to the public as a member of the firm but without authority in management. The reverse of the silent is the secret partner - a person who takes part in management but who is not know public.

Any business may have the form of the partnership, for example, in such professional fields as medicine, law, accounting, insurance and stock brokerage partnership are the common form of ownership in real estate, oil prospecting, quark industries, etc.

Partnerships have more advantages then sole proprietorship if one needs capital or diversified management. Like sole proprietorship they are easy to form tax benefits from the government.

Partnerships have certain disadvantages too. One is unlimited liability. It that each partner is responsible for all debts and is legally responsible for the whole business. Another disadvantage is that partners may disagree with each other.

Comprehension questions.

1. What is the difference between a general partnership and a limited partnership?

2. Is there any difference between a silent partner and a secret partner?

3. In what business is the partnership a common form?

4. What are the advantages of a partnership?

 

 

Контрольна робота 2

 

Варіант 2 (Ж-Л)

 

1. Перекладіть наступні речення з різними формами порівння.

 

1. In all the countryside there is no garden so lovely as his.

2. Our new house is five storeys higher than the one we lived in before.

3. Let's take this way, it's a mile shorter than that one.

 

2. Заповніть пропуски

1. Now he seemed half... strong... he used to be before his illness.

2. The road through the fields is ten miles shorter... the road through the forest.

 

3. Заповніть пропуски

1. I am interested in... information you can give me on this question.

2. May I have... water, please?

3. He hardly found... new words in that lesson.

4. I have... relatives in this city.

 

4. Дайте відповіді, вживаючи наданні слова

1. Do you still need these newspapers? interesting articles

2. Do you like to work in this little room? light

3. Why do you always work at the window? fresh air humor

 

5. Підкресліть правильне слово

1. I have got (few/a few) pictures in my room, but not very many.

2. There are only (few/a few) cigarettes in the box.

3. Give me (little/a little) water, please. I am very thirsty.

4. I have just (a few/few) prints, but they all are very good.

 

6. Запишіть речення в пасивному стані, перекладіть.

1. The organizers will exhibit the paintings till the end of the month.

2. They will say nothing more about the matter if someone returns the stolen gun.

 

7. Запишіть речення в активному стані

1. These calculations are done by a computer.

2. The man was tried, found guilty and sent to Prison.

3. The piano is being repaired at the moment.

4. The car will be towed to the garage.

 

8. Поставте дієслова в пасивному стані.

1. Many houses (to burn) during the Great Fire of London.

2. Moscow (to found) in 1147.

3. The question (to settle) as soon as they arrive.

4. The answer to this question can (to find) in the encyclopedia.

 

9. Перекладіть речення.

1. She didn't know where her umbrella was.

2. I knew that Mercury is the closest planet to the sun, but I didn't feel like answering the question.

3. He hoped that his friend would help him with his car.

 

10. Перетворіть присудок головного речення в Past Indefinite і зробить необхідні зміни в підрядному реченні.

1. I think they are having an English class now.

2. I say that both my children are keen on sports.

3. Do you know that prices rose yesterday?

 

11. Вставте у речення дієслова з дужок у потрібному часі.

1. They were sure that the play (to be) a success.

2. He said that the telegram (to receive) the day before.

3. He said that he (to finish) his course paper the next month.

 

12 Перетворіть пряму мову на непряму.:

а) розповідне речення:

1 My friend said, «I didn't hand in my composition on Wednesday, because I was ill. «to explain

2. Her husband said, «I have bought a wonderful present for your mother. «to answer

 

б) спеціальне питання

1. «Can you tell me why Paul left the University Without taking his degree?«Paul's sister said. to want to know

2. «Did any of you actually see the accident happen?«said the policeman. to inquire

 

в) специальные вопросы:

1. She said to the policeman, «Where can I park to ask my caravan?»

2. He said to her, «Why does he speak so loudly?«to wonder

 

г) спонукальні речення:

1. «Make a list of what you want, «she told us. to remind

2. «Open the safe, «the raiders said to the bank to order clerk.

 

13. Перетворіть на пряму мову.

1. I asked if I could speak to the Dean.

2. His wife asked him not to do anything dangerous.

3. I asked one on the search party how long they would go on looking for them.

 

14. Прочитайте текст і зробить письмовий переклад

UK Political System

1. The United Kindom of Great Britain is a monarchy. 2. The power of the Queen of Great Britain, Elizabeth II is not absolute. 3. Her powers are limited by the Parliament. 4. The legislative branch, the Parliament consists of the House of Lords and.the House of Commons. 5- The executive branch consists of the central Govenment - that is the Prime Minister and the Cabinet, who are responsible for initiating and directing the national policy. 6. The judiciary branch is independent of both the legislative and the executive ones. 7. The Government derives its authority from the elected House of Common^. 8. A general election, for all seats in the House of Commons, must be held at least every five years. 9. The Government is normally formed by the political party which is supported by the majority in the House of Commons. 10. The party's leader is appointed the Prime Minister by the Queen and chooses a team of ministers. 11. The second lagests party becomes the Official Opposition with its own leader and "Shadow Cabinet". 12. The House of Lords is a hereditary Chamber. 13. In Great Britain there is no written constitution, only customs, traditions and precedent.

Comprehension questions

 

 

-

1. What can you say about the power of the Queen in Great Britain?

2. What houses does the legislative branch consist of?

3. Who is responsible for initiating and directing the national policy?

4. How often must the elections be held?

5. Which party forms the Shadow Cabinet?

6. Is there a constitution in Great Britain?

 

Контрольна робота 2

Варіант 3 (М-С)

 

1. Перекладіть наступні речення з різними формами порівння.

1. Now the road seemed many times as long, which always happens when you are dead tired.

2. Now he seemed half as fit as he used to be before his illness.

3. Jane was as nervous as I once had been before the interview.

 

2. Заповніть пропуски

1. This coat costs twice... much... mine.

2. He had more important things to do... the others in the group.

3. It's rather more complicated story... that.

 

3. Заповніть пропуски

1. You can find her at... time between nine and six.

2. She comes here... day.

3. Do you want... milk in your coffee?

4. Have you got... objections?

 

4. Дайте відповіді, вживаючи наданні слова

1. Is this story interesting? old houses

2- Do you want to move to another district? rain

3. Do you want to live in Great Britain? lectures

 

5. Підкресліть правильне слово

1. Is there (many/little) work for you to do every day?

2. Does this car use (much/many) petrol?

3. There are (few/a few) parties that have nice music and pretty decorations.

 

6. Запишіть речення в пасивному стані, перекладіть.

1. A thief stole my dog and brought him back only when I offered $20 reward for him.

2. The judge gave him two weeks to pay the fine. 9. The author has written a special edition for children.

3. The author has written a special edition for children.

 

7. Запишіть речення в активному стані.

1. All our copies have been sold but more have been ordered.

2. Trespassers will be prosecuted.

3. My car has been stolen and abandoned.

4. I was awakened by a frightful crash at 4 a.m.

 

8. Поставте дієслова в пасивному стані

1. When I came home, the sweets (to eat).

2. Central Africa (to explore) by Livingstone in the 19th century.

3. America's first college, Harvard, (to found) in Massachusetts in 1636.

4. The reporter says that prisoners of conscience (to hold) in at least 70 countries.

 

9 Перекладіть речення.

1. Yesterday Tom heard that his aunt had been ill for five days.

2. We were told that Depeche Mode was going to our town.

3. We were told that the lecture wouldn't take place on Friday.

 

10. Перетворіть присудок головного речення в Past Indefinite і зробить необхідні зміни в підрядному реченні.

1. I don't know that they have already arrived.

2. We are sure that they have solved the problem.

3. We think that you are going to enter the Institute.

 

11. Вставте у речення дієслова з дужок у потрібному часі.

1. I said that I (to leave) that morning.

2. They said that they (to see) that film a week before.

3. The clerk said that the lifts (to be) out of order.

 

12.: Перетворіть пряму мову на непряму:

а) розповідне речення:

1. She said, «Yes, you were right yesterday. «to admit to add

2. He said, «1 met her at the canteen where I was having dinner. «to promise

 

б) загальне питання:

3. «Shall I ever see him again?«she said. to wonder

 

в) спеціальне питання:

4. He said to her, «Who called while I was out?«to want to know

 

г) спонукальні речення:

5. «Think well before you answer, «the detective to advise warned her.

6. «Put your pistol on the table, «said the crook. to order

 

13. Перетворіть на пряму мову.

1. Albert asked if he should report the police about the lights in the empty house across the road.

2. The clerk said that it would take a little time to look up my file.

3. The examiner asked me how long I had been learning English.

 

14. Прочитайте текст і зробить письмовий переклад

 

 

The State Structure of the USA

1. The United States of America is a federative republic. 2. From 1959 the Federation comprises 50 states. 3. The president is the head of the state and of the executive departments. 4. He is also the commander-in-chief of the army and Navy of the USA.-5, The president and vice-president are elected for a term of four years. 6. All legislative powers are vested in Congress, which consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives. 7. There are 100 senators and 435 members in the House of Representatives. 8. The Senators are elected by popular vote for a term of six years two from each state, the Representatives are elected for two-years terms. 9. Both houses must approve the bill for it.to became a law. 10. An essential role in the US political system is played by the Supreme Court, which may declare a law, passed by a Congress, to be contradictory to the Constitution of the Country. II. The various states have legislative and executive bodies of their own, 12. Their structure, function and competence are determined by

the Constitution of each state. 13. There is an elected governor at the head of each state. 14. States enjoy independence, in tHeir domestic affairs, including financial matters. 15. However state laws and actions of state authorities must not conflict with the Constitution of the USA.

 

Comprehension questions

1. Who is the head of the state?

2. Where are all legislative powers vested?

3. How are the senators elected?

4. What role does the Supreme Court play in the US political system?

5. Who stand at the head of each state?

 

Контрольна робота 2

Варіант 4 (Т-Ч)

 

1. Перекладіть наступні речення з різними формами порівння.

1. At the Intercontinental I paid the same price for a single room, as my colleague did at the Ritz.

2. Kate works reasonably hard but she used to ' work much harder.

3. The more we know about nature, the more control we get over it.

 

2. Заповніть пропуски

1. My flat is... large... my friend's.

2 The strong wind made the air colder... usual.

3 The weather today is much better... it was yesterday.

4. Her eyes are... dark... her mother's.

5. She looked... she did yesterday.

 

3. Заповніть пропуски

1. You can buy stamps at... post office.

2. I got the book without... difficulty.

3.... man has his faults.

 

4.. Дайте відповіді, вживаючи наданні слова

1. Are students busy during an examination session? practi­cal tests

2. Do you think Brest is a beautiful city? exams trees, flowers

 

5. Підкресліть правильне слово.

1. He had (many/few) books at home so he had to go to the library.

2. I'd like to say (many/a few) words about my journey.

3. There was (much/little) water in the river, and they decided to cross it.

 

6. Запишіть речення в пасивному стані, перекладіть.

1. An uneasy silence succeeded the shot.

2. The lawyer gave him the details of his uncle's will.

3. Students are doing a lot of work.

 

7. Запишіть речення в активному стані

1. These TV sets are made by a Japanese firm.

2. My house was searched and a number of stolen articles were found.

3. His house was broken into and a lot of things were stolen.

 

8 Поставте дієслова в пасивному стані..

1. The bridge (to reconstruct) by tomorrow morning.

2. Her son (not to see) for the last 24 hours

 

9. Перекладіть речення.

1. He was sure that I should come on time.

2. They said that it had been raining from five till six.

3. She said that she couldn't give me this book be­cause she had promised to return it to the library.

 

10. Перетворіть присудок головного речення в Past Indefinite і зробить необхідні зміни в підрядному реченні.

1. He says he will finish the translation tonight if he has time.

2. The secretary says that Mr. Brown is speaking on the other phone.

3. Everybody knows that he is a man of wide experience.

 

 

11. Вставте у речення дієслова з дужок у потрібному часі

1. I knew that you (to be) ill.

2. We didn't know that you (to wait) for us so long.

3. We were told that we (to catch) the rain if we (to hurry)

 

12 Перетворіть пряму мову на непряму.:

а) розповідне речення

1. Mother said to her son, «A computer will be bought for your birthday. «to complain

2. They said to me, «She is always making terrible mistakes. «to remark

 

б) загальне питання:

1 «Has she always been a devoted friend to you?«I said. to want to know

 

в) спеціальне питання

1. He said to them, «How long have you stayed in New York?«to wonder

 

г) спонукальні речення:

1. «Don't argue with her, «I said. to advise

 

13 Перетворіть на пряму мову..

1. Martin asked if anyone wanted tickets for the football match.

2. Our teacher asked the students why they were not taking the exams.

3. He told us to have our passports ready.

 

14. Прочитайте текст і зробить письмовий переклад

 

Ukraine (state system)

1. We live in Ukraine. 2. Ukraine is a sovereign state. 3. The independence of Ukraine was proclaimed on the 24-th of August 1991. 4. Its sovereignty is now recognized by all the countries of the world. 5. Ukraine has its own state symbols. Constitution, currency and government. 6. According to the Constitution of Ukraine its territory is one and indivisible. 7. Only the laws of Ukraine act on its territory. 8. The power in the country, is divided into legislative, executive and judiciary. 9. The main legislative body of Ukraine is Verhovna Rada, 10. The elections to Verhovna Rada are held every 4 years on the last week of March. 11. The deputees are elected by equal, secret or direct ballot, 12. The executive power belongs to the government, headed by the prime-minister. 13. The President represent the state in the international relation. 15. He can veto any decision of Verhovna Rada. 16. The President is also the commander-in-chief of al! armed forces of Ukraine. 17. The Judiciary power belongs to the Constitutional court and regional courts. 18. The state symbols of Ukraine are the national flag and emblem. They root deeply in ancient times and have symbolic meaning. 19. Azure-yellow state flag symbolized the unity of blue sky and yellow wheat field. 20. The little state emblem - trident - appeared first on the seals in times of Vladimir the Great.

 

Comprehension questions

 

1. When was the independence of Ukraine proclaimed?

2. What branches is the power divided into?

3. What are the presidential duties?

4. Whom does the Judiciary power belong to?

5. What are the state symbols of Ukraine?

6. What does our flag symbolize?

7. How many administrative districts are there in Ukraine?

8. What are the largest parties of Ukraine?

 

Контрольна робота 2

 

Варіант 5 (Ш-Я)

 

1. Перекладіть наступні речення з різними формами порівння.

1. The better we know the grammar rules, the fewer mistakes we make.

2. My sister speaks English far better than I do.

3. This encyclopedia costs twice as much as the other one.

 

2. Заповніть пропуски

1. The river is half... wide... it is in our part of the country.

2 The car is … mine

3. The lake we have just crossed is four times...deep … the one we crossed yesterday.

4. Teenage fashions are... all over the world.

 

3. Заповніть пропуски

1. If you have got... photographs of your group, I'll be pleased to look at them.

2.... student could do this test. It's very easy.

3. Could you lend me... money? — I'm afraid I have... money on me.

4. I don't think there are... questions left.

 

4. Дайте відповіді, вживаючи наданні слова

1. Is it healthy to live in big cities? smog, fresh air places

2. Would you like to visit Australia? of interest

3. Do you need any English textbooks? borrow books from the library

 

5. Підкресліть правильне слово

1. My friend knows German (a little/little) and she can help you with this translation.

2. There are very (few/a few) old houses left in our street.

3. If you have (little/a little) spare time, look through this issue of the magazine.

 

6. Запишіть речення в пасивному стані, перекладіть.

1. We shall not admit children under sixteen.

2. He was delivering the documents to the depart­ment.

3. Everybody is listening to the lecturer with great attention.

4. The senior students laughed at the freshman.

5. They sent for Jim and told him to prepare a report.

 

7. Запишіть речення в активному стані

1. My keys were returned to me, they had been picked up in the street.

2. Hurry up! We are being followed.

3. Smoking is not allowed here.

 

8 Поставте дієслова в пасивному стані..

1. The letter and the parcel (to post) tomorrow.

2. The problem (to study) for three years, but they haven't got any results.

3. A police car came when the injured man (to carry) off the road.

 

9. Перекладіть речення.

1. They promised that they would have published my report by the end of the week.

2. I knew that he would refuse to help me.

3. I found out that my friends were sitting in the reading-hall and studying Roman Law.

4. She refused to go to the theatre because she would have an exam in a few days.

 

 

10. Перетворіть присудок головного речення в Past Indefinite і зробить необхідні зміни в підрядному реченні.

1. Peter says that he attended Professor N's lecture yesterday.

2. They hope that their team will not lose the game.

3. We know that the Browns are staying with their friends in California.

 

11. Вставте у речення дієслова з дужок у потрібному часі.

1. The passengers were afraid that the rain (not to arrive) on time.

2. He said that he (not to consult) the lawyer yet.

 

12. Перетворіть пряму мову на непряму:

а) розповідне речення::

1 Bill said, «I've missed my train. Now I'll be late for work and my boss will be furious.«to remark

 

б) загальне питання:

1. «Will you return next month?«she said to me. to ask

2. «Has the man been taken to prison?«he said. to want to know

 

в) спеціальне питання

1. He said, «Who is playing the piano so well?«to be interested

to know

г) спонукальні речення:

1 «Put down that gun. It's loaded, «she warned. to advise

 

13. Перетворіть на пряму мову..

1. I asked my friend if he often went abroad.

2. The guard told him not to worry and go home quietly.

3. She answered that her brother was playing chess with his father.

4. I asked him if he thought it would be necessary to get through the customs.

 

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Family Law

Family Law denotes the conceptions of marriage and family. It settles the order and conditions of getting married and stopping of the marriage, regulates personal and estate relations between the husband and the wife, the parents and the children other members of family. Themaim documentin thefamily law in the Code about marriage and family of Ukraine. It consists of 6chapters and 203 articles. especially it deals with the rights and the duties of parents and children to each other. Some articles speak about the rules of guardianship (adoption) in Ukraine.

MARRIAGE. It is a matrimony of the man and the woman, registered in the state body of civil registration. For the conclusion of marriage is necessary consent of the parties and age of marriage(for men-18, for women-17 of years). Legal obstacles for the marriage: other marriage, family relations, incapacity.

DIVORCE. Can be because of death or during lifetime under the statement of spouses or one of spouses. Divorce is carried out official by in bodies of civil registration or in court. In the case about divorce the court considers motives of divorce, relations of spouses. After divorce the Certificate of divorce stands out.

ADOPTION OR WILL. It is established for education of juvenile children without parents, for protection of their legitimate rights and interests. It is established for children till 14 years, and for under-ages from 14 till 18 years. The trustee can be only the full age legal person. He has the right to bring up children, to care of them, to protect their rights and interests.

Will is order of person (citizen) of his property before death. Should be constituted in writing form with the instruction of a place and time of its drawing up. Also the signature of the legato and the notarial certification is necessary.

 

 

КОНТРОЛЬНЕ ЗАВДАННЯ №3

Для тoro, щоб вірно виконати завдання Ns3_; необхідно засвоїти наступніі розділи курсу англійської мови за рекомендованим посібником пасивний І стан дієслова (Passive Voice) наступних видо-часових форм

Present, Past, Future Indefinite,Present, Past Continuous, Present, Past, Future Perfect

функціі дієслів to be, to have, to do.

небезособові форми дієслова:

інфінгтив в функції підмета, складеної частини присудка, додатка

Відмінність герундія від дієприкметника теперішнього часу

Іпередача наказу та прохання за допомогою дієслова to let.

 

 

Контрольна робота 3

 

Варіант 1 (А-Є)

 

1 Перекладіть наступні речення.

Don’t depend on him, he is a very unreliable person.

Please don’t be so unreasonable, I can’t do all the work by myself.

Please get on with your work, I didn’t mean to interrupt you.

 

2. Перетворіть речення на спонукальні

You shouldn’t touch that. It’s very hot. Don’t …

She is very tired. I hope you won’t make her up. Please…

I’ll take your coat. Let…

 

3. Перекладіть наступні речення..

The castle is one thousand years old

Is it cold today?

I was hungry last night, so I had something to eat.

There will be some interesting programs on TV tomorrow.

 

4. Дайте стверджувальну або заперечну відповідь.

Vegetables won’t grow here. flowers

He can’t call for you in the morning. I

William has made a good progress in Mathematics. Robert

I hope to see you yesterday. My wife

 

5. Перекладіть наступні речення..

You must do this important work quickly.

May I ask you to explain the rule once more?

You may take these papers, I don’t need them.

Remember that we are to be at this place not later that eight.

 

6. Заповніть пропуски модальними дієсловами

a) can/cannot could/couldn't be able to

… you tell me the time, please?

No more for me, thanks. I … eat another thing.

 

6) must/mustn't have to be to

How old do you think she is? – Oh, she … be in her late fifties I would think

в) have to be able to be allowed to

Last autumn Peter was very ill and he... (1) go to hospital. When he was in hospital, he... (2) stay in bed ill the time. He... (3 not) have any visitors during the first three days. The first week, he felt so awful that he... (4 not) read or write. When he began to feel better, he... (5) read a book and look through a few magazines. He wanted to get up, but he still... (6 not) leave his bed. Mien Sally came to visit him, she... (7) be very quiet. And she... (8 not) stay longer that half an hour. A few lays later, he... (9) get up for a few minutes. After such a long time in bed he... (10 not) walk far. When Sally came to visit him again, she... (11 not) be so quiet. Soon he felt much better, and he... (12) sit in the hospital garden. After three weeks in hospital, he... (13) go home. He still... (14) take his medicine three times a day. Soon Peter... (15) go back to work, but he... (16 not) work at night for the next six weeks.

 

7. Заповніть пропуски модальними або допоміжними дієсловами.

is are was don't can can't have

have to has to will must should

THE FIRST DAY AT SCHOOL

… (1) you remember your first day at school? It...

(2) probably rather confusing. Now to avoid this confusion

Many primary schools have a special teacher who welcomes new pupils. In England she... (3) called a reception-class teacher. On the first day it is her responsibility to 'settle' the newcomers. Many people give their children the wrong idea about going to school,... (4) they? The children... (5) threatened with the idea of school, and if they... (6) been good, they... (7) un­derstand why they... (8) go to school. They imagine that school is optional.

When the child goes to school, on his first day, he... (9) watch his mother leaving. Often he thinks that she... (10) deserting him. The teacher... (11) convince him that at the end of the day his mother and his home... (12) still be there. The children are not the only people that... (13) disturbed by going to school. The teacher sometimes has just as much difficulty in coping with the mothers. They are just as upset as their children. All day they stay at home, wondering what... (14) happening and how their son or daughter... (15) managing.

The best way to deal with the situation is to get the child used to the idea of school. Before the beginning of term the mother... (16) take her child to see the teacher and to look round the school. The first day... (17) be something to look forward to and not to fear. Although the first day is difficult, the mother... (18) remember that her child... (19) be encouraged for a whole term at least.

 

8. Виправте помилки.

You needn’t to worry about meeting me at the station; I’ll get taxi.

Do I ought to phone airport to find out if there might be any delays?

Did you able to find the papers you lost?

 

9 Перетворіть речення за допомогою наданих слів.

allow to could have to should ought to

be able to can might must

In Japan you are not supposed to eat food as you walk down the street. You…

It was a mistake for me to spend so much money on records. I …

Is it a mistake for me to pay for my ticket now? Do …?

 

10. Якою частиною мови є підкреслені слова? Перекладіть наступні речення.

I was conducted round the museum. I disprove of their bad conduct.

Metal contracts when it gents cooler. They signed the contract.

 

11. а)Утворіть складні слова, перекладіть їх.Від якої частини мови вони утворені?

stomach, ache tooth, brush

girl, friend well, paid

deparment, store retired, person

bad, tempered application, form

step, father self, confident

grand, parent tea, cup

best, man engagement, ring

reading, hall

 

б) Заповнить пропуски складними словами.

1 Could you buy me a... at the supermarket?

2 He ate so much that he's got a... now.

3. Have you met Richard's new...?

4. It's difficult these days for a young person to find a... job.

5. You'll probably have to fill in an....

6. A... is paid a pension.

7. He's a very... person. I wish he were a bit more easy-going.

8. You have to be quite... to stand up in front of the audience.

9. Peter has asked Michael to be his... at the wedding.

10. When her mother remarried, she got on very well with her new....

11. Despite their age her... are still very alive.

12. I usually drink tea from the....

13. 1 don't like to go shopping to the... I prefer small shops.

14. As a student, did you often go to the...?

15. At the end of the party he gave her an....

 

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CIVIL LAW

Civil Law is a body of private law used in those countries in which the legal system is based on ancient Roman law modified by medieval and modern influences. Civil law is used in most nations in Europe and Latin America, as well as in some countries in Asia and Africa. The law of Great Britain, the United States, Canada, and a number of other nations is based on English common law, which differs from civil law in origin and other important respects.

The term civil law is also employed to distinguish those legal codes that deal with civil relationships (such as citizenship, marriage, divorce, and certain contractual arrangements) from other codes such as those dealing with criminal law.

The civil law originated in ancient Rome. One of the principal characteristics of Roman civilization was the development of strong legal institutions. In the 6th century, a commission appointed by the Emperor Justinian collected and consolidated all the sources of law, including the opinions of the great legal scholars during previous centuries. The result was the Corpus Juris Civilis (Body of Civil Law), also called the Justinian Code, a comprehensive code with the accu­mulated wisdom and experience of many generations of Roman jurists.

During the 17th and 18th centuries, the authority of the Corpus Juris began to decline. The stage was then set for the systematic and comprehensive codification of modern civil law. The most influential, although not the first, codification effort was the enactment, during the Napoleonic period, of the five basic codes of France. In the course of the 19th century, most civil-law countries similarly codified the their legal statutes.

Codification of the civil law had several major consequences: (1) After their enactment, the codes constituted comprehensive and authoritative legal texts that superseded all earlier authorities in the teaching of law as well as in legal practice. (2) Within each nation-state, the codes brought about a strong measure of national unification of the law. (3) In their substance, the codes differed from one nation to another. In recent years, however, there were efforts, in the nations of the European Union and elsewhere, to replace certain isolated national laws with international legal practices.

From its origins in continental Europe, the civil law gradually spread to all of the areas in Africa, Asia, and Latin America that were colonies of France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, or Portugal. When they gained independence, most of the former colonies continued the civil-law orientation of their legal systems. Civil-law systems were also v-oluntarily adopted in Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and Turkey.

In a number of countries, moreover, the civil law constitutes an important component of a mixed legal system. For example, in Scotland, South Africa, and Sri Lanka, the legal system combines civil- and common-law elements. In North America the same phenomenon can be observed in the state of Louisiana and in the province of Quebec. The legal systems of many North African and Middle Eastern nations are strongly influenced by the French civil-law codes, even though in some areas of law — especially those relating to the family and to family property — these countries tend to follow Islamic tradition.

 

 

Контрольна робота 3

Варіант 2 (Ж-Л)

 

1. Перекладіть наступні речення....

Do hurry up! We have to be at the station in half an hour!

Before we continue, let's examine the correct answers to this exercise.

Would you tell me how to get to the University?

 

2. Перетворіть речення на спонукальні

. I think we should go home now. Let...

He'll be in a hurry. You mustn't keep him waiting. Don't...

Can I carry that bag for you? Let...

 

3. Перекладіть наступні речення

I've got a headache tonight.

What does this sentence mean?

In England the traffic keeps to the left but on the Continent it doesn't.

I don't want to discuss it over the telephone, but I'll tell you about it when I get home.

 

4 Дайте стверджувальну або заперечну відповідь..

She wasn't late. Kate

I quite agree with you. my friend

Your son won't be tall. your daughter

We are preparing for a test. he

 

5. Перекладіть наступні речення..

Nobody met me when I came, because I was to arrive by the ten o'clock train, but I couldn't get a ticket for it.

We had to touch upon this question at the conference.

They didn't want to come with us at first, but in the end we were able to persuade them.

 

6.. Заповніть пропуски модальними дієсловами

a) can/cannot could/couldn't be able to

Who is that outside? It... be the postman, he has already been here.

Mr. Brent is busy this morning, but he... see you this afternoon.

 

6) must/mustn't have to be to

Anna's very busy; she... write three essays this week.

 

в) have to be able to be allowed to

Last autumn Peter was very ill and he... (1) go to hospital. When he was in hospital, he... (2) stay in bed ill the time. He... (3 not) have any visitors during the first three days. The first week, he felt so awful that he... (4 not) read or write. When he began to feel better, he... (5) read a book and look through a few magazines. He wanted to get up, but he still... (6 not) leave his bed. Mien Sally came to visit him, she... (7) be very quiet. And she... (8 not) stay longer that half an hour. A few lays later, he... (9) get up for a few minutes. After such a long time in bed he... (10 not) walk far. When Sally came to visit him again, she... (11 not) be so quiet. Soon he felt much better, and he... (12) sit in the hospital garden. After three weeks in hospital, he... (13) go home. He still... (14) take his medicine three times a day. Soon Peter... (15) go back to work, but he... (16 not) work at night for the next six weeks.

 

7. Заповніть пропуски модальними або допоміжними дієсловами

is are was don't can can't have

have to has to will must should

THE FIRST DAY AT SCHOOL

… (1) you remember your first day at school? It...

(2) probably rather confusing. Now to avoid this confusion

Many primary schools have a special teacher who welcomes new pupils. In England she... (3) called a reception-class teacher. On the first day it is her responsibility to 'settle' the newcomers. Many people give their children the wrong idea about going to school,... (4) they? The children... (5) threatened with the idea of school, and if they... (6) been good, they... (7) un­derstand why they... (8) go to school. They imagine that school is optional.

When the child goes to school, on his first day, he... (9) watch his mother leaving. Often he thinks that she... (10) deserting him. The teacher... (11) convince him that at the end of the day his mother and his home... (12) still be there. The children are not the only people that... (13) disturbed by going to school. The teacher sometimes has just as much difficulty in coping with the mothers. They are just as upset as their children. All day they stay at home, wondering what... (14) happening and how their son or daughter... (15) managing.

The best way to deal with the situation is to get the child used to the idea of school. Before the beginning of term the mother... (16) take her child to see the teacher and to look round the school. The first day... (17) be something to look forward to and not to fear. Although the first day is difficult, the mother... (18) remember that her child... (19) be encouraged for a whole term at least.

 

8. Виправте помилки.

I couldn't have to show my passport to get a rail ticket.

I could buy my ticket after queuing for five minutes.

You mustn't write anything down unless you want to.

.

9. Перетворіть речення за допомогою наданих слів.

allow to could have to should ought to

be able to can might must

Please tell me how much luggage I am allowed to take on the plane. Can...?

It isn't possible that her car has been broken down again. Her car...

If you have a reserved seat, it isn't necessary to stand on the train. You...

 

10. Якою частиною мови є підкреслені слова? Перекладіть наступні речення.

We exported the goods to the USA. I heard on the news that exports are up again this year.

Bananas are not grown here, they are imported. Imports have risen this month.

He insulted me. That was a terrible insult.

 

11. а) Утворіть складні слова, перекладіть їх.Від якої частини мови вони утворені?

stomach, ache tooth, brush

girl, friend well, paid

deparment, store retired, person

bad, tempered application, form

step, father self, confident

grand, parent tea, cup

best, man engagement, ring

reading, hall

 

б) Заповнить пропуски складними словами.

1 Could you buy me a... at the supermarket?

2 He ate so much that he's got a... now.

3. Have you met Richard's new...?

4. It's difficult these days for a young person to find a... job.

5. You'll probably have to fill in an....

6. A... is paid a pension.

7. He's a very... person. I wish he were a bit more easy-going.

8. You have to be quite... to stand up in front of the audience.

9. Peter has asked Michael to be his... at the wedding.

10. When her mother remarried, she got on very well with her new....

11. Despite their age her... are still very alive.

12. I usually drink tea from the....

13. 1 don't like to go shopping to the... I prefer small shops.

14. As a student, did you often go to the...?

15. At the end of the party he gave her an....

 

12.. Прочитайте текст і зробить письмовий переклад