Interview with Kate Adie, a BBC journalist

I = Interviewer KA = Kate Adie

I What evidence is there that,, television influences behaviour?

KA There is quite a lot of evidence that it influences behaviour in a manner of life­styles, images, popularity of fashion. Whether it's a deep influence on behaviour is question­able, because it could be seen as both a force for good and a force for evil, and many of the grey areas in between, and it's certainly not one nor the other, because television, for example, has endless images of heroism, of good, of... of grandeur, of charity, of loving, which... and we have a world which certainly doesn't emulate that one hundred per cent of the time. Also television has images of violence, of unpleasantness, of evil, of cruelty, and... again you find that in society, but not one hundred per cent. I'd almost reverse the remark and say that I think that television is a reflection of the society in which you live, as long as that television is free to be that reflection.

I When you say 'free to be that reflection', in what ways is it constrained from doing that?

KA I suppose we take the view in this country, where television has... on the whole been run by people of a certain amount of education, and a certain social background for many years, that television has, on the whole, been what a certain group of people think other people ought to have. It certainly hasn't been a straightforward television being people... what people would like to have. Television being what people would like to have, in other words, a lowest common denominator... er attitude to television, would for example, er, introduce a great deal of pornography onto television. You would also have a much larger percentage of... low-challenging pro­grammes. By that I mean pap, really non-chal­lenging, unintelligent, soap opera, quiz pro­gramme...

I You recently made a television documentary on the subject of violence on television. To what extent did this change your views?

KA I'm going to sound a very obstinate, ignorant hippopotamus and say... you know, not a great deal, because I work most of the time in this area. I work... I spend a lot of my time seeing with my own eyes the sort of subject which is extremely difficult to put on television, which I was making the programme about, about violence. I see quite a bit of death and cruelty and... of unkindness and violence and brutality. All of these things. And I have to make regular judgements about what I feel can be shown on television, and I by no means have ever believed that everything can be shown. I see no evidence, I hear no evidence of real harm done to people by the mere showing of violent acts on television, with the rider that, of course, there are always people who will be watching who are uniquely susceptible.

I So you're saying that there are certain people who may be influenced?

KA Of course there are.

I But they (unclear)... majority.

KA There are... they... of course there are people who are influenced by anything.

I In the course of your work you deal with issues that contain real violence. There's also a lot of fictional violence on television. Do you feel that viewers can understand the difference between fantasy and reality?

KA Most can. First of all I think it's up to the television erm... companies, for a start, to bear some responsibility for saying This is fictional; this is a fantasy', and to say 'This is reality'. 1 think television companies have a responsibility on one side, on the other side I think that most viewers do distinguish. Some don't. There are hordes of people, you know, in this country, who... are... are deeply in search of Coronation Street in Lancashire. They actually... you know... people go and try to find the Archers. They want to know where Ambridge is. They spend their lives crawling round Yorkshire looking for Emmer-dale Farm. All of these fictional places.

I What do you personally find offensive on television?

KA I find gratuitous violence extremely offensive. I don't like violence. I don't like it in real life. I am actually physically sickened when I see people fighting. I do not like it. Erm... I... I also find horror where there is a sort of... where the human body is chopped up, squashed, generally exploded and extruded. I find this appalling. I don't like it myself. I would not stop other people watching it.

Контрольна робота 1

Варіант 4 (Т-Ч)

 

1. Перетворить однину во множину.

1. The judge’s wage was good.

2. This hero is unknown.

3. The mystery of the case was revealed.

4. The friend of mine is coming to stay at the weekend.

 

2.. Перекладіть речення,враховуючи особливості перекладу на українську мову прийменників, закінчення ‘s и порядка слів.

1. It often snows at this time of the year.

2. There you can see my friends’ pictures.

3. The students of your group try not to miss lectures.

4. Our University provides us with a high standard of theoretical and practical knowledge.

 

3. Доповніть речення артиклями,де це необхідно.

1. I don’t know anybody in this photograph. Who is …man on…left?

2. What do you usually have for … breakfast?

3. Can you tell me …time, please?

4. What time do you usually get ….home from work?

4. Вставте артиклі,де це необхідно.

1. The British Prime Minister lives in… Downing Street.

2. … Shetland Island are situated to the north of … England.

3. … Lake Baikal is the deepest in the world.

5. Визначте місце прислівника.

1. I preparefor my classes in the reading hall.(quite often)

2. He misses lectures and practicals.(very seldom)

3. Does he fail to prepare his homework.(sometimes)

 

6.Доповніть речення прикметником або прислівником.

 

1. His answer was quite (clear/ clearly).

2. These figures (clear/clearly) show the development of our industry.

3. I don’t know (exact/exactly) where they live.

4. I don’t know the (exact/exactly) time of their arrival.

 

7. Вставте у речення прикметники в потрібній формі.

 

1. His job is (important) than his friend’s.

2. Last week was (hot) then thus week.

3. The boys felt (bad) than the girls about losing the game.

8. Вставте у речення прикметники в потрібній формі.

1. The colder the weather gets, (sicker/the sicker) I fell.

2. A mink coat costs (twice more than/twice as much as) a sable coat.

 

9. Перекладіть речення,враховуючи особливості вживання it та there.

1. It was a pleasure to be there.

2. There can’t have been anybody outside.

3. I knew there would be trouble.

4. Listen to this. It’s a new hit.

 

10. Визначте необхідний час і стан дієслова.

IT IS THERE IS/THERE ARE

1. … a river where we could fish.

2. … possible that the man is telling the truth.

3. … no time to talk.

4. … a fact that he is a talented man.

5. … nothing for it but to try and escape.

 

11. Визначте необхідну форму займенників

1. (These/those) books are over there on the table.

2. The are busy with (its/their) lessons.

3. (What/who) has clean paper?

 

12. Визначте допоміжне діеслово.

 

1. (Will/does/is) he meet us at the station tomorrow?

2. (Were/did/have) you finished to write your article yet?

3. What magazine (did/were/are) you looking through when we came into the hall?

 

13. Перетворіть слова з дужок на форми Present Indefinite або Present Continuous.

1. She (not to understand) what the teacher (to explain).

2. You usually (to drink) coffee at this time?

3. The court (to hear) this particular part of the evidence in private.

 

14. Перетворіть слова з дужок на форми Future Indefinite або Present Indefinite.

1. He (to come) if you ask him.

2. I wonder how Jack (to get on) with the new secretary. – Oh, he (not to work) here after this week.

3. He says he (to ring up) us soon as he (to finish) his work.

 

15. Перетворіть слова з дужок на форми Past Indefinite або Past Continuous.

 

1. I (to look) through the classroom window. A geometry lesson (to go) on. The teacher (to draw) diagrams on the blackboard.

2. “What you (to do) between 9.00 and 10.00 yesterday?” (to say) the detective.

3. “The house next to hours (to be) full of policemen and police dogs yesterday. What they (to do)?” – “I (to hear) that they (to look) for drugs.”

 

16. Перетворіть слова з дужок на форми Past Indefinite або Present Perfect.

 

1. I (not to see) him for tree years. I wonder where he is.

2. I (to read) his books when I was at school. I (to enjoy) them very much.

3. I can’t go out because I (not to finish) my work.

17. Перетворіть слова з дужок на форми Present Perfect або Present Perfect Continuous.

1. Things (to change) since I was a girl.

2. The police (to look for him for four days.

3. Nobody (to see) him since last week.

4. I (to teach) hundreds of students but I never (to meet) such a hopeless class as this.

 

 

18. Перетворіть слова з дужок на форми Past Indefinite або Past Perfect.

1. The scientist suddenly (to see) the answer to the problem that (to occupy) his mind for the last two months.

2. The policeman read the suspect his rights after he (to arrest) him.

3. A search party (to set out) to look for the two climbers who (to leave) their hotel early that morning.

 

19. Перетворіть подані речення на питальні та заперечні.

1. I’ll buy a new toy for my son when I get money.

2. He should stay in bed.

3. She can play football quite well.

4. We are to be at the station before the train starts.

 

20. Визначте підмет,поставте запитання до нього.

1. He had to spend a lot of money on education.

2. The fax will be received in an hour.

3. A new school is being built in our district.

 

21. Закінчить речення.

1. His friends promised to give me a lift to the airport,…?

2. Your grand mother usually does shopping,…?

3. Saturday is your day off,…?

4. They haven’t bought a large house yet,…?

 

22. Дайте відповіді на запитання.

1. Have you been to England or France?

2. Is your colleague busy with his essay this week or next week?

23. Складіть питання до підкреслених слів.

1. I couldn’t come because I didn’t feel well.

2. She’s read book which I advised her to take.

3. It will take you two hours to get there.

4. It was five o’clock when I got home.

24. Прочитайте текст і зробить письмовий переклад

 

HE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH

The University of Edinburgh, founded in 1583, is now one of the largest universities in Great Britain. It is grouped on three main sites. Around Old CXollege and George Square, adjacent to the Old Town of Edinburgh, ares the faculties of Arts, Law, Medicine, Music and Social Sciences. The Faculty of Divinity is also in the Old Town, close to the Castle. Two mmles to the south, the King's Buildings is the location of the Faculty of Science, while the principal students' residences are located some twenty rrudnutes walk from both George Square and the King's Build­ings. Veterinary Medicine is at Summer hall, not far from George Square, with a Field Stsation at Easter Bush, seven miles from the city centre.

While offerring undergraduate courses in virtually all subjects taught at university level-, the University is one of the major research centres in Britain, and as such, offers unparalleled opportunities to the postgraduate student. On ac'«count of its present size and the reputation, which it has risen up over the centuries in all fields of study, and because of its location in a city which is a centre of-government and commerce, the University is an exceptional centre at which to conduct research. At present here are about 3,000 postgraduate students studying alongside some 9,700 under­graduates. The students come from some 90 countries around the world. Many research centres and units are established within and in associa­tion with the University. The European Institute which collaborates with departments in Arts, Law and Social Sciences, is an instance. There are also research organizations sited in and around Edinburgh with which the University has close working relations, such as the Royal Observatory for Scotland. Standing on Blackford Hill, adjacent to the King's Buildings, is a laboratory of the Science and Engineering Research Council which ac­commodates the University's Department of Astronomy. The King's Building is also the base of the Edinburgh University Computing Service which provides the University community with very powerful computing service, whilst, separately, offering computing services for the universities of cen­tral Scotland on a network basis.

While it has long enjoyed an international reputation for academic excellence in the traditional subjects of study, in recent years the University offers a range of studies in the latest disciplines. In the sciences, it deals with major developments in microelectronics, biotechnology and computer-based disciplines such as Artificial Intelligence. In the arts it houses Linguistics as well as the School of Scottish Studies.

It is a great advantage in any area of study to have ready access to a wide-ranging and well-maintained collection of library material. The University Library is one of the largest university collections in Britain. Rich in rare books, manuscripts and maps, and well provided with modern texts, it now contains over two million items. The catalogue of the whole library is steadily being converted to machine-readable form, which may be accessed via the usual national and international online networks.

 

 

Контрольна робота 1

 

Варіант 5 (Ш-Я)

 

1. Перетворить однину во множину.

1. What is the chance of success?

2. There was a small loss.

3. Crime is a problem in most big cities.

4. What is the criterion for this estimation?

 

2. Перекладіть речення,враховуючи особливості перекладу на українську мову прийменників, закінчення ‘s и порядка слів.

1. Olga is busy with her graduation design because she is a final-year student.

2. When do first spring flowers appear on the ground?

3. Everybody in our group attends lectures on Roman Law.

4. Our country’s need in qualified specialists will continue to grow.

3. Доповніть речення артиклями,де це необхідно.

1. What time do you start work in… morning?

2. Why is he in … prison? He hasn’t done anything wrong.

3. Braille is … system of reading and writing by touch for …blind.

4. The other day the fire brigade had to go to … prison to put out a fire.

4. Вставте артиклі,де це необхідно.

1. Lomonosov was born in a small village on the shore of …White Sea.

2. …Europe and …America are separated by …Atlantic Ocean.

3. …Nile flows across the north-eastern part of …Africa to… Mediterranean Sea.

5. Визначте місце прислівника.

1. He prepares for his lessons.(carefully)

2. She plays the piano. (well)

3. My sister go to bed after twelve. (never, hardly ever)

6. Доповніть речення прикметником або прислівником.

1. The children were (happy/ happily).

2. They lived (happy/ happily).

3. The plane will arrive (soon/ sonly).

4. He had an accident because he was driving too (fast/ fastly).

7. Вставте у речення прикметники в потрібній формі.

1. Diana is (short) of the three girls.

2. My cat is(pretty) of the two.

3. This summary is (good) of the pair.

 

8.Вставте у речення прикметники в потрібній формі.

1. The museum is the (farther/ farthest) away of the tree buildings.

2. Of the two shirts, this one the (prettier/ prettiest )

9. Перекладіть речення,враховуючи особливості вживання it та there.

1. There appears to be great confusion on this point.

2. It’s strange that it hasn’t been noticed before.

3. It will be nearly six o’clock.

4. There is something wrong with the printer. It won’t work.

5. There was nothing to discuss.

10. Визначте необхідний час і стан дієслова.

IT IS THERE IS/THERE ARE

1. …a little strange.

2. …cold in winter.

3. …nothing you can do about it.

4. …already late and … nobody in the office to solve your problem.

5. …very kind of you.

11. Визначте необхідну форму займенників

1. He spoke of a man (which/ whose) name was unknown to us.

2. She first looked at the title of the story and then at (she/ her).

3. Some of (them/their) must work to earn money.

 

12. Визначте допоміжне діеслово.

1. When (did/have/were) they come back?

2. (Is /does/will) it still raining? – Yes, it is.

3. (Has/is/does) your sister want to buy an English-Russian dictionary?

 

13. Перетворіть слова з дужок на форми Present Indefinite або Present Continuous.

1. I (not to hear) anything. You just (to imagine) things.

2. Don’t take his remarks too seriously. He’s so upset that I (not to think) he really (to know) what he (to say).

3. You (to realize) that you (to stand) on my toe?

 

14. Перетворіть слова з дужок на форми Future Indefinite або Present Indefinite.

1. We cannot leave the house until it (not to stop) raining.

2. You (to plan) to take your exams ahead of time?

3. I (to stay) in court till the jury returns.

 

15. Перетворіть слова з дужок на форми Past Indefinite або Past Continuous.

1. I didn’t want to meet Paul so when he entered the room I (to leave).

2. He suddenly (to realize) that he (to travel) in the wrong direction.

 

16. Перетворіть слова з дужок на форми Past Indefinite або Present Perfect.

1. The play just (to begin). You are a little late.

2. Mr.Count (to work) as a solicitor for twenty-five years. Then he (to retire) and (to go) to live in the country.

3. I (to phone) you twice yesterday and (to get) no answer.

 

17. Перетворіть слова з дужок на форми Present Perfect або Present Perfect Continuous.

1. You won’t believe it, but I already (to wait) two month for my phone to be repaired.

2. Where you (to be)? I (to wait) for you for over an hour.

3. You look tired. I think you (to work) hard lately and you (not to get) enough fresh air and exercise.

 

18. Перетворіть слова з дужок на форми Past Indefinite або Past Perfect

1. He knew that he(to make) a serious mistake.

2. I felt that I (to meet)the man somewhere before.

3. She ran downstairs to open the door, but it (to be) too late. The policeman already (to go).

 

 

19. Перетворіть подані речення на питальні та заперечні.

1. I’d like to have a good rest today.

2. You may leave at once.

3. They’ve got many relatives.

 

20. Визначте підмет,поставте запитання до нього.

1. His father wanted him to become a lawyer.

2. We always have a swim before breakfast.

 

21. Закінчить речення..

1. He took up an English course two years ago, …?

2. You have to write letters, …?

3. The manager expects the secretary to arrive at 9, …?

4. Babies have five meals a day, …?

 

22. Дайте відповіді на запитання.

1. Shall we read or retell this text?

2. Can you agree with his or my point of view?

 

23. Складіть питання до підкреслених слів.

1. Many famous writers had to work hard in their youth to earn their living.

1. He usually has dinner at 7 o’clock in the evening.

The Normans invaded Britain in 1066.

You must call your elderly parents every week.

 

 

24. Прочитайте текст і зробить письмовий переклад

 

 

Interview with Joanna Bogle, of the National Viewers' and Listeners' Association

I = Interviewer,IB = Joanna Bogle

I Joanna Bogle is a member of the National Viewers' and Listeners' Association, which aims 10 monitor the output of both television and radio. Joanna believes quite firmly that TV stations should recogni/.e more fully the power and influence of television, and exercise stricter control over programme content. I asked her what kind of thing she personally found offensive on television.

.IB Well... this would be difficult to say. First I don't think one wants to say so much personally as what our association would find offensive and it's not only offensive but harm­ful. I do ihink lhat I personally find a great deal of the exploitation of sex and sexuality offensive. Perhaps this is particularly as a woman. And I find it very irresponsible too

because we are now recognizing that some of the revolving attitudes towards sex and towards women which became popular... have become popular over the last couple of decades have had a number of seriously sad side effects, not least Ihe tragedy of AIDS and so on. So 1 personally am offended by that, but I would say that the association is probably slightly more concerned, particularly about violence, - violent language, violent activity, and the idea that sloshing out at somebody, engaging in really savage, barbaric er... er... activity is a normal even a praiseworthy, heroic, manly thing to do. I'm thinking, for in­stance, of films like Sebastiane, and Jubilee, that disgusting film where policemen were seen erm... being the victims of cannibalism and somebody was roasted alive on a spit... ugh...

I Was this shown on television? JB Er... Yes this was shown on Channel 4.1

regard that as unacceptable... grossly violent, sadistic er... with the most horrible and depraved of overtones. I think there's a case for saying that some things don't really have a place on the small screen at all, and belong to the private cinema club for those who really like that kind of thing. I But don't people realize the difference between

fantasy and reality?

.IB Ah... I don't actually think people do know the difference between fantasy and reality, not that that always matters it can even be quite amusing. On BBC radio, the programme The Archers, the popular everyday tale of farming folk, they wanted to write a new baby into the sorry at one point... they'd had a young couple getting married and er..., a couple of years later they thought 'time to introduce a baby into the script' and they decided against it because they didn't have the staff at the B ВС at the time to cope w with '.he flood of little white knitted woolly things that would be arriving for this non-existent baby! They h- d to wait until they'd got the secretaries and so on to cope with it! So people do believe in it. It's ridiculous, people write to Coronation Street for the imagined wedding anniversaries and birthdays and funerals and so on that crop up. Fantasy is... is... very difficult to remove from reality.

I What evidence is there that, um, the violence or indeed sexual behaviour that is seen on television is reflected in behaviour... I mean isn't it the other way round? JB This of course is the big debate and it is true that television both reflects and influences. 1 think we've all had the experience of being enormously inspired by magnificent music or a stirring speech or a call to courage. We've all been moved by some impressive event on television and certainly we can even see within a whole country that you can create a mood or a climate by 'the way in which you present an... an activity, and I think that it's rather silly to imagine that people who are uplifted by er... a lovely piece of pageantry or by stirring music are not depraved by something that's disgusting. Clearly we're both. It is true tha... that the mixture between what influences you and wha... and how you influence the screen is... is a blurred area and everybody in the mass media knows this, but I would say that by and large one of the major influences on all our lives is television, and people wouldn't spend thousands of pounds on advertising on it if it didn't influence people 'Persil washes whiter' says the voice over and over again and millions of housewives are absolutely convinced that it does and they go out and buy the product. So I think the influence is mostly that way round.

 

 

КОНТРОЛЬНЕ ЗАВДАННЯ № 2

Для того, щоб вірно виконати контрольне завдання №2, необхідно засвоїти наступні розділи курсу англійської мови за рекомендованим посібником:

І.Видо-часові форми дієслова в активному стані:

а) група неозначених часів (Present, Past, Future Indefinite);

б) група тривалих часів (Present, Past, Future Continuous);

в) група перфектних або доконаних часів (Present, Past, Future
Perfect).