Тема «The seasons of the year»

1. ПРОЧИТАЙТЕ ТА ПЕРЕКЛАДІТЬ ТЕКСТИ.

2. ПІДГОТУЙТЕСЬ ДО ДЕТАЛЬНОГО ПЕРЕКАЗУ ОДНОГО З ТЕКСТІВ(НА ВИБІР).

Seasons and Months

A year is the average time it takes for the Earth to go once round the Sun. There are 12 months or 52 weeks or 365 days in a year. Every four years there is a leap year. It has 366

days. The names of the months are: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December. The days of the week are: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday. There are 7 days in a week, 24 hours in a day, 60 minutes in an hour and 60 seconds in a minute.

There are four seasons in the year spring, summer, autumn and winter.

The Sun rises in the east in the morning and sets in the west in the evening. We tell the time by means of watches and clocks. Big Ben is the clock on the tower of the Houses of Parliament in London.

In the times of Julius Caesar the first month of the year was March, which is now the third month. Now the first month of the year is January. It is very cold in January. The second month is February. It has twenty-eight days. Every leap year February adds on a twenty-nineth day.

The third month — March is the first month of Spring. In spring the days grow longer and the weather becomes warmer. Spring like any other season has three months.

June, July and August are the summer months of which July and August are the hottest ones. In summer I often go to see my friends who live in the country. ‘When my vacation is over, I return to my native town.

In autumn the days grow shorter. The weather is bad. It often rains.

December is the twelfth and last month of the year. At the same time it is the first month of winter. There is usually much snow in winter. It’s windy and frosty. But children can enjoy going skating, skiing, tobogganing, thrawing snowballs and making a showman.

 

Seasons and Weather

Everyone knows that there are four seasons in a year: spring, summer, autunm and winter. Each of them lasts 3 months.

Spring comes in March and ends in May. It often rains in spring, especially in April.

Summer is the hottest season in the year. It begins in June and ends in August. In summer the sky is clear and cloudless. The days are long and the nights are short and warm. Summer brings fruits and vegetables. It is pleasant to spend this season by the seaside or somewhere in the country.

The Autumn months are September, October and November. The days are becoming shorter, the sun lose its force. It often rains. It is the season of harvesting.

Winter lasts three month as well: December, January and February. It is getting colder day by day. The sun shines rarely and it snows offen. But everything looks so pretty covered by snow.

So in every season there are bright and dark sides. But we must be thankful together whatever the weather.

 

Questions:

1. How much does it take for the Earth to go once round the Sun?

2. How many months are there in a year?

3. Where does the Sun rise?

4. Which month was the first in the times of Julius Caesar?

5. How many days has February?

6. How many seasons are there in a year?

7. How long does each month last?

8. What is the hottest season?

9. What are the autumn months?

10. What are the winter months?

11. What is the weather like in each season?

 

Викладач ______________І.С. Коковіхіна

Тема «My favourite season»

1. ПРОЧИТАЙТЕ ТА ПЕРЕКЛАДІТЬ ТЕКСТ.

2. ПІДГОТУЙТЕСЬ ДО ДЕТАЛЬНОГО ПЕРЕКАЗУ ТЕКСТУ.

My Favourite Season

It’s a universal truth that every season is beautiful in its own way. Isn’t it wonderful to tramp down the country lanes on a frosty winter day. Everything is white with snow and it crunches under your feet. The rime sparkles on the branches and the icicles like precious diamonds hang from the roofs of the houses. It’s a merry time for both children and grownups. They can go skating and skiing, sledging and having a fight with snowballs or making a snowman. I suppose, it is very pleasant while the frost lasts, an unpleasant time comes when the thaw begins.

Cars and buses go along streets splashing the mud an slush on the passers-by. Everyone is grumbling and scolding the weather. But soon a warm wind blows up heavy grey clouds and the sun shines brightly in the cloudless azure sky. In a few months summer will come.

Summer is the most suitable season for holidays and vacations. People enjoy bright summer days if they are in the country or at the seaside. They go bathing and swimming, and fishing and boating. But it’s unbearable to stay in town on such hot and glaring days. Everybody droops and shambles and tries to hide in the shade.

Then after a good rest autumn and harvest time comes. The corn has turned golden and the farmer will reap it and put it in his barn. The air is fresh and full of the autumn fragrance of ripe apples, plums and peaches and of course, coloured asters, chrysanthemums. But the weather is so changeable in autumn, people have to wear raincoats and umbrellas if they don’t want to get wet through. The dead leaves cover the ground like a thick motley carpet,the roads are slippery and wet, there are lots of puddles in the streets and again everyone is looking forward to frosty winter days and much snow out-of-doors.

It’s rather difficult to say what season is the best one, however dull and nasty or charming and marvellous the weather may be tired of its long sunny days, warm rains with thunderstorms and hail, the buzz of mosquitoes and midges. I like to spend my summer holidays at the seaside.

In my childhood I used to enjoy playing on the beach, making castles and forts in the sands. When one becomes older one begins to notice the murmur of the sea and it’s so beautiful to look at the moon’s way on the water in the darkness. The air is fresh and it’s easy to breathe. I like to lie in the sun getting as brown, paddle in the water or get splashed by the waves, But it’s not every year that you can go to the seaside. Sometimes I spend my holidays in the country. Most of my time I spend in the woods gathering strawberries and flowers or at the river bathing and swimming in it.

Very often, I help my granny in the vegetable garden weeding it or gathering tomatoes, cucumbers or raddish. I like to walk in the rain or just sit indoors watching the raindrops falling down from the green leaves and blades of the grass onto the ground. When summer is over, I always feel sorry, because it was too short and was too quick to pass.

 

Active Words and Word Combinations:

universal truth - істина

merry - веселий

suitable – підходящий, придатний

unbearable - нестерпний

glaring – пекучий, сліпучий, палаючий

fragrance - аромат

changeable - мінливий

slippery - слизький

puddle - калюжа

dull - похмурий

nasty - жахливий

murmur – гомін, шум

to paddle - плескатися

to splash – бризкати, плескатися

Викладач ______________І.С. Коковіхіна

Тема «Peole and enviroment»

1. ПРОЧИТАЙТЕ ТА ПЕРЕКЛАДІТЬ ТЕКСТ.

2. ПІДГОТУЙТЕСЬ ДО ДЕТАЛЬНОГО ПЕРЕКАЗУ ТЕКСТУ

Environmental Pollution

People have always polluted their surroundings. But until now pollution was not such a serious problem. People lived in uncrowded rurral areas and did not have pollution — causing machines. With the development of crowded industrial cities which put huge amounts of pollutants into small areas, the problem has become more important. Automobiles and other new inventions make pollution steadily worse. Since the late

196O’s people have become alarmed with the danger of pollution.

Air, water, and soil are necessary for existance of all living things. But polluted air can cause illness, and even death. Poluted water kills fish and other marine life. On polluted soil, food can not be grown. In addition environmental pollution spoils the natural beauty of our planet.

Pollution is as complicated as serious problem. Automobiles are polluting the air but they provide transportation for the people. Factories pollute the air and the water but they provide jobs for people and produce necessary goods. Fertilizers and pesticides are important for growing crops but they can ruin soil.

Thus, people would have to stop using many useful things if they wanted to end pollution immediately. Most people do not want that of course. But pollution can be reduced gradually. Scientists and engineers can find the ways to reduce pollution from automobiles and factories. Government can pass the laws that would make enterprises take measures for reducing of pollution. Individuals and groups of people can work together to persuade enterprises to stop polluting activities.

 

Active Words and Word Combinations:

environment pollution – забруднення довкілля

uncrowded - малонаселений

pollution-causing – який виклиає забруднення

rural - сільськогосподарський

pollutants - відходи

invention - зображення

soil – грунт, земля

existance - існування

fertilizer - добрива

to grow - вирощувати

crops - сільськогосподарські культури

to ruin - псувати

to reduce - зменшити

gradually - поступово

to pass a law – прийняти закон

to take measures - вжити захобів

to persuade - переконати

activity - діяльність

 

Questions:

1 Why wasn’t pollution such as a serious problem earlier?

2. When have people become alarmed with the danger of pollution?

3. What can environmental pollution cause?

4. Why is pollution a complicated problem?

5. Can pollution be stopped immediately?

6. What can government and individuals do to reduce pollution?

 

Викладач ______________І.С. Коковіхіна