Tradition in Italian Cuisine

The reason so many people fall in love with Italy has much to do with its cuisine. Italian cooking has been influenced by diverse groups of people and places, historically and in modern times. The Americas, for instance, had a huge influence on Italian cuisine. Tomato sauce, polenta, and anything piccante (hot) would not exist in Italian cuisine without the introduction of tomatoes, maize (corn), and peppers—all plants native to the Americas.

The world has adopted parts of Italy's cuisine, but not the structure of its meals. In Italy a meal is a leisurely sequence of events served in courses on separate plates, each appearing in the appropriate sequence. Americans often find it frustrating for a meal to be so lengthy, but, for Italians, dinner is often the main event and the focus of celebrations.

The cooking style is usually quite simple. There are no really elaborate sauces, and what sauces do exist are used only in small amounts, just enough to moisten pasta or delicately anoint meat or fish. Italian chefs claim, with some justification, that the secret to Italian cooking is “sapori e saperi” (flavors and skills), which implies doing little to excellent fresh ingredients.

It's not for nothing that the "slow food" movement started in Italy. This movement was founded, as the organization's Web site (www.slowfood.com) puts it, to counter "fast food and fast life." Classic Italian food is often of the "slow" kind. Think of pots of luscious ragu, polenta and osso buco (veal shanks), simmering for hours on the stove. It follows logically, then, that the slow cooker is an excellent vehicle for cooking Italian.

 

Vocabulary:

diverse – різноманітний

Americas – Аметика, США

рolenta – полента (каша з кукурудзи)

piccante – пікантний, пряний

maize – маїс (кукурудза)

peppers – перці

leisurely – неквапливий

course – порядок подачі страв

appropriate sequence - відповідна послідовність

frustrating – марно

lengthy – довгий

elaborate – детальний, детально розроблений

amount – кількість

moisten – зволожити

pasta – паста (макаронні вироби з соусом)

anoint – змастити, приправити

claim – заявляти

justification – виправдання

flavors and skills - аромати і навички

imply - мати на увазі

It's not for nothing – Це не даремно…

to counter - для протистояння

pots of luscious ragu - горщики солодкого рагу

veal shanks – телячі гомілки

simmer – кипіти

stove – піч

excellent vehicle – чудовий засіб, провідник

 

 

Граматичний матеріал: Повторення пройдених часів (Perfect Continuous Tenses, Sequence of Tenses)

 

Ex.1. What have these people been doing or what has been happening?

1. They have been shopping.

2. She ---

3. They ---

4. He ---

 

Ex. 2. Put the verb into the present continuous (I am ~ing etc.) or present perfect continuous (I have been ~ing etc.).

1. Maria has been learning (learn) English for two years.

2. Hello, Tom. I --- (look) for you all morning. Where have you been?

3. Why --- (you/took) at me like that? Stop it!

4. We always go to Ireland for our holidays. We --- (go) there for years.

5. I --- (think) about what you said and I've decided to take your advice.

6. 'Is Ann on holiday this week?' 'No, she ---e (work).'

7. Sarah is very tired. She --- (work) very hard recently.

 

Ex. 3. Read the situations and make sentences from the words in brackets.

1. I was very tired when I arrived home.

(I/work/hard all day)

2. The two boys came into the house. They had a football and they were both very tired.

(they/play/football)

3. There was nobody in the room but there was a smell of cigarettes.

(somebody/smoke/in the room)

4. Ann woke up in the middle of the night. She was frightened and didn't know where she was.

(she/dream)

5. When I got home, Mike was sitting in front of the TV. He had just turned it off.

(he/watch/TV)

 

Ex. 4. Put the verb into the most suitable form, past continuous (I was doing), past perfect (I had done) or past perfect continuous (I had been doing).

1. It was very noisy next door. Our neighbours were having (have) a party.

2. We were good friends. We had known (know) each other for a long time.

3. John and I went for a walk. I had difficulty keeping up with him because he --- (walk) so fast.

4. Mary was sitting on the ground. She was out of breath. She --- (run)

5. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table with their mouths full. They --- (eat).

6. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table and talking. Their mouths were empty but their stomachs were full. They --- (eat).

7. Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor. He --- (look) for his contact lens.

8. When I arrived, Kate --- (wait) for me. She was rather annoyed with me because I was late and she --- (wait) for a very long time.

 

Ex. 5. Yesterday you met a friend of yours, Charlie. Here are some of the things Charlie said to you:

1. I'm living in London now.

2. My father isn't very well.

3. Sharon and Paul are getting married next month.

4. Margaret has had a baby.

5. I don't know what Fred is doing.

6. I saw Helen at a party in June and she seemed fine.

7. I haven't seen Diane recently.

8. I'm not enjoying my job very much.

9. You can come and stay at my flat if you are ever in London.

10. My car was stolen a few weeks ago.

11. I want to go on holiday but I can't afford it.

12. I'll tell Ann I saw you.

Later that day you tell another friend what Charlie said.

1. _Charlie said that he was living in London now._

2. He said that ---

3. He ---

4. ---

5. ---

6. ---

7. ---

8. ---

9. ---

10. ---

11. ---

12. ---

 

Модуль самостійної роботи:

1. Безособові форми дієслова. Інфінітив. Дієприкметник. Герундій.

2. Скласти рецепт улюбленої страви та меню в ресторані.

3. Анотування газетної статті за фахом.

 

ADDITIONAL LEXICAL MATERIAL

іngredients – інгредієнти

was – мити

peel – чистити

chop – нарізати, кришити, рубати

dice – нарізати кубиками

slice – нарізати скибочками

core – вирізати середину

carve – вирізати, розрізати

grate – терти на терці

fillet – відокремлювати м'ясо від кістки

mince – пропускати через м'ясорубку

shred – шинкувати

double bolier – пароварка

steam – готувати на пару

saucepan / casserole – каструля

boil – варити

stew – тушкувати

frying pan / saute pan – сковорода

fry – смажити

cooker / stove – плита

microwave oven – мікрохвильова піч

oven – духовка

pancake pan – дека

bake – пекти, запікати

braise – припустити овочі

curry – згасити в гострому соусі

grill – посмажити на грилі

deep-fry – смажити у фритюрі

roast – смажити до хрусткої скориночки

poach – варити на водяній бані

simmer – варити на слабкому вогні

mix – змішати будь-які продукти або інгредієнти

combine – з'єднати будь-які продукти або інгредієнти

beat – збити, наприклад, яйця

dip – вмочити що-то в якій-небудь соус

squeeze – видавити

stir – перемішувати

drain / strain – проціджувати

mash – товкти

stuff – фарширувати

rise – промивати

roll – загортати

and – додавати

sprinkle – посипати

pour – влити що-небудь

lower – зменшити вогонь або градуси в духовці

dressing – додавати всілякі приправи

herbs – включаючи трави

spices – спеції

nuts – горіхи

alcohol drinks – алкогольні напої

sift / sieve - просівати борошно

whip / whisk - збивати яйця

knead and roll out - замішувати і розгортати тісто

spread – намазувати чим-небудь

ice – глазурувати

just – посипати цукровою пудрою

 

Домашні завдання VІІІ

Змістового модуля “Їжа. Заклади харчування”

Практичне заняття №1: Читання та обговорення текстів: Foods of the Ukrainians, Mealtime Customs

Робота над текстом за профілем спрямування

Граматичний матеріал: Теперішній перфектно-тривалий час (Present Perfect Continuous)

Практичне заняття №2: Читання та обговорення текстів: Table Manners

Робота над текстом за профілем спрямування

Граматичний матеріал: Минулий перфектно-тривалий час (Past Perfect Continuous)

 

Практичне заняття №3: Читання та обговорення текстів: British Cuisine, Traditional American Food

Робота над текстом за профілем спрямування

Граматичний матеріал: Майбутній перфектно-тривалий час (Future Perfect Continuous)

 

Практичне заняття №4: Читання та обговорення текстів: What makes Japanese Dishes Japanese?

Робота над текстом за профілем спрямування

Граматичний матеріал: Узгодження часів (Sequence of Tenses)

Практичне заняття №5: Читання та обговорення текстів: Tradition in Italian Cuisine

Робота над текстом за профілем спрямування

Граматичний матеріал: Повторення пройдених часів (Perfect Continuous Tenses, Sequence of Tenses)

 

 

Робота з фаховим матеріалом (професійна лексика):

Практичні заняття: 1,2.

Спеціальність: Музика

absolute music Music that has no literary, dramatic, or pictorial program. Also pure music.
a cappella Choral music performed without instrumental accompaniment.
accordion A musical instrument with a small keyboard and free-vibrating metal reeds that sound when air is generated by pleated bellows.
acid rock Genre of American rock that emerged in the late 1960s, often associated with psychedelic drugs. Its style featured heavy amplification, instrumental improvisation, new sound technologies, and light shows.
adagio Quite slow.
ad libitum Indication that gives the performer the liberty to omit a section or to improvise.
allegro Fast, cheerful.
allemande German dance in moderate duple time, popular during the Renaissance and Baroque periods; often the first movement of a Baroque suite.
alto Lowest of the female voices. Also contralto.
andante Moderately slow or walking pace.
answer Second entry of the subject in a fugue, usually pitched a fourth below or a fifth above the subject.
anthem A religious choral composition in English; performed liturgically, the Protestant equivalent of the motet.
arabesque Decorative musical material or a composition based on florid embellishment.
aria Lyric song for solo voice with orchestral accompaniment, generally expressing intense emotion; found in opera, cantata, and oratorio.
arioso Short, aria-like passage.
arpeggio Broken chord in which the individual tones are sounded one after another instead of simultaneously.
art rock Genre of rock that uses larger forms and more complex harmonies than other popular styles; occasionally quotes examples from classical music. Also progressive rock.
a tempo Return to the previous tempo.
atonality Total abandonment of tonality (centering in a key). Atonal music moves from one level of dissonance to another, without areas of relaxation. bagpipe Wind instrument popular in Eastern and Western Europe that has several tubes, one of which plays the melody while the others sound the drones, or sustained notes; a windbag is filled by either a mouth pipe or a set of bellows (uilleann pipes).
balalaika Guitar-like instrument of Russia with a triangular body, fretted neck and three strings; often used in traditional music and dance.
ballade French poetic form and chanson type of the Middle Ages and Renaissance with courtly love texts. Also a Romantic genre, especially a lyric piano piece.
baritone Male voice of moderately low range.
bas Medieval category of soft instruments, used principally for indoor occasions, as distinct from haut, or loud, instruments.
bass Male voice of low range.
beat Regular pulsation; a basic unit of length in musical time.
big band Large jazz ensemble popular in 1930s and 1940s, featuring sections of trumpets, trombones, saxophones (and other woodwinds), and rhythm instruments (piano, double bass, drums and guitar).
blues African-American form of secular folk music, related to jazz, that is based on a simple, repetitive poetic-musical structure.

Read, translate and learn the given words.
Prepare for a dictation.

Спеціальність: Культурологія

Act	A unit or division of a play, each of which is composed of one or more scenes. Originally, Greek plays were continuous and the introduction of divisions was a later development. Plays today may divided into one, two, or three acts.
Act Curtain	Also referred to as an Act-Drop, the term refers to a curtain or painted cloth which was closed or opened to signify the beginning or ending of an act, as distinguished from the main curtain or grand drape.
Action	The movement or development of the plot, or story in a play.
Arena	The area of a play's action in "theaters in the round", in which the audience sits surrounding the stage.
Aria	An operatic term denoting a highly formalized musical structure that expresses feeling or emotion rather than conveying information or advancing the action of a drama.
Aside	Sometimes referred to as breaking the proscenium or breaking the fourth wall, the term refers to a speech or comment made by an actor directly to the audience about the action of the play or another character. The audience is to understand that this comment is not heard or noticed by the other characters in the play.
Backstage	The entire area behind or beyond the stage, including the dressing rooms. Sometimes includes the "wings", or sides of the stage area.
Ballad Opera	A forerunner of English Opera and musical comedy, ballad operas were primarily a creature of the 18th century British stage, and were topical plays of spoken dialogue with a large number of musical numbers consisting of lyrics set to popular tunes.
Bard	A person who composed and recited heroic or epic poems, often accompanied by lyre or harp. "The Bard" is now synonymous with William Shakespeare.
Cabaret	Originally, a night club type establishment where poets, artists and musicians performed their work. Cabarets had a political impact in France, Germany and Russia in the 1920's and 30's. In the modern sense, a cabaret is simply entertainment presented to any audience in night-clubs, hotel-restaurants or at official dinners.
Carnival	Literally, carnem vale, or "farewell to meat", carnival is the pre-lenten festival of the Christian world. Carnival was one of the more significant Christian holidays that, through its pageants and presentations, kept the art of theatre alive during the Middle Ages.
Circus	In Imperial Rome, the "ring" in which chariot races, feats of arms and animal exhibitions were held. In its modern sense, dating from the 18th century, it is the successor to the itinerant troupes of actors, acrobats and performers that roamed Europe in the Middle Ages.
Climax	In the traditonal dramatic sense, the most powerful moment in a play, following which the denouement occurs.
Comedy	From the Greek, "revel-song", it originally referred to satiric plays of Aristophanes and Menander, as distinguished from the more pastoral "satyr plays" that may have pre-dated Dionysian tragedies. Often deriving their satirical or humorous nature from topical subjects, comedy is not as "ageless" as tragedies. In the more modern sense, the term applies to any play with a happy ending.
Commedia dell'Arte	Literally "comedy of the profession", Commedia dell'Arte originated in Northern Italy and was more popular in that country and France than in England. The emphasis is on stock characters with which the audience is familiar. Distinguished from amateur touring troupes.
Community Theatre	In its modern sense, refers to organizations of amateurs in a particular region or community who produce and perform plays. Community theatre as we know it traces its beginnings to the turn of the century and has seen tremendous growth in the last fifty years.
Copyright	Ownership of and the right to control all aspects of reproducing a work. We have a number of links to sites with information on all aspects of copyright.
Costume	Clothing and accessories worn by an actor in to signify period and portray character. While we often emphasize scenery and effects in today's theatre, costume can often be more important to an actor's creation of a role. In early theatre, scenery was eschewed in favor of costume.
Curtain	Sometimes referred to as the " grand drape" or "main drape", the curtain is a screen, usually made of cloth, used to separate the stage from the auditorium.
Curtain Call	The final appearance of the cast, at the end of the play, to receive the applause of the audience.
Curtain Raiser	A one-act play performed before the main play in the 19th Century.
Directing	Translating the play from the written script to the interpretation and action which takes place on stage.
Director	The person charged with overall interpretation of a dramatic work, who conducts the rehearsals, blocks the action and assists the actors in developing their characters.

Read, translate and learn the given words.
Prepare for a dictation.

Спеціальність: Хореографія

accumulation a choreographic device or structure where new movements are added to existing movements in a successive manner, e.g., A, AB, ABC, ABCD

beat underlying pulse

body awareness body shapes, body base, body part, locomotor, non-locomotor

body base standing, sitting, kneeling, lying

body parts arms, legs, head, fingers, ankles, elbows, knees, shoulders, toes, wrists

body shape accent emphasis

curved, straight, open, closed, symmetrical, asymmetrical

call and response a structural device most often associated with African dance and musical forms, one soloist or group performs, and the second soloist or group performs in response to the first

canon a choreographic device or structure in which movements introduced by one dancer are repeated exactly by subsequent dancers in turn, e.g., Mexican wave

choreographic device a specific way of manipulating movement to develop

choreographic structure the way in which movement is organised and shaped to create a dance (e.g., ABA, theme and variations, narrative)

communication conveying or transmitting meaning with a particular context

culture understandings, patterns of behaviour, values and symbol systems that are acquired, preserved, and transmitted by a group of people and that can be embodied in art words

dance elements body awareness, space, time and energy, relationships

dance work a product of dance making activity (i.e., haka, ballet, hip hop performance)

direction forward, backward, right, left, up, down

duration long, short

elements of dance the key components of movement (e.g., space, time, energy, relationships and body awareness)

energy float, swing, sudden, smooth, sharp, percussive, vibratory, explosive

focus fixed, moving, single, multi

general space space in the overall dance area

genre a specific category of dance that has a tradition or history and is identifiable by specific characteristics, social functions, and cultural contexts (e.g., romantic ballet, hip hop, kapa haka)

graphic notation notation in which movement is represented by shapes and lines

improvisation spontaneous movement in response to a stimulus

interpretation analysis or appreciation of meaning in a dance work by a viewer: or the particular meaning communicated by the performer of an existing art work

kinaesthetic signs and symbols movement, gestures, and body language

level high, medium, low

locomotor movement movement in which the body travels across space (e.g., running, creeping, rolling)

melodrama overly dramatic, larger than life

Read, translate and learn the given words.
Prepare for a dictation.

Спеціальність: Образотворче мистецтво

Див.

Методичні рекомендації для студентів спеціальності Образотворче мистецтво. (Є. Швець).

Read, translate and learn the given words (1-30).
Prepare for a dictation.

Робота з фаховим матеріалом (професійна лексика):

Практичні заняття: 3,4.

Спеціальність: Музика

cadence Resting place in a musical phrase; music punctuation. canon Type of polyphonic composition in which one musical line strictly imitates another at a fixed distance throughout.
cantata Vocal genre for solo singers, chorus and instrumentalists based on a lyric or dramatic poetic narrative. It generally consists of several movements including recitatives, arias and ensemble numbers.
capriccio Short lyric piece of a free nature, often for piano.
carol English medieval strophic song with a refrain repeated after each stanza; now associated with Christmas.
castrato Male singer who was castrated during boyhood to preserve the soprano or alto vocal register, prominent in seventeenth and early eighteenth century opera.
celesta Percussion instrument resembling a miniature upright piano, with tuned metal plates
chamber choir Small group of up to about twenty-four singers, who usually perform a cappella or with piano accompaniment.
chamber music Ensemble music for up to about ten players, with one player to a part.
chamber sonata See sonata da camera.
chanson French polyphonic song, especially of the Middle Ages and Renaissance, set to either courtly or popular poetry. See also Burgundian chanson.
choir A group of singers who perform together, usually in parts, with several on each part; often associated with a church. chord Simultaneous combination of three or more tones that constitute a single block of harmony. chorus Fairly large group of singers who perform together, usually with several on each part. Also a choral movement of a

melody Succession of single tones or pitches perceived by the mind as a unity. mezzo forte The Italian term for "moderately loud", indicated in the musical score by the marking " mf ".
mezzo piano The Italian term for "moderately soft", indicated in the musical score by the marking " mp ".
mezzo-soprano Female voice of middle range.
minimalist music Contemporary musical style featuring the repetition of short melodic, rhythmic and harmonic patterns with little variation. See also spiritual minimalism.
minuet and trio A moderate triple-meter dance form with two main sections (minuet = A, trio = B) that often occurs as the third movement of a symphony. mode Scale or sequence of notes used as the basis for a composition; major and minor are modes.
monophonic Single-line texture, or melody without accompaniment.
muses Nine daughters of Zeus in ancient mythology; each presided over one of the arts.
music drama Wagner's term for his operas.
music video Video tape or film that accompanies a recording, usually of a popular or rock song.
phrase Musical unit; often a component of a melody.
pianissimo The Italian term for "very soft", indicated in the musical score by the marking " pp ".
piano The Italian term for "soft", indicated in the musical score by the marking " p ".
piano Keyboard instrument whose strings are struck with hammers controlled by a keyboard mechanism; pedals control dampers in the strings that stop the sound when the finger releases the key.
pitch Highness or lowness of a tone, depending on the frequency (rate of vibration).

Read, translate and learn the given words (1-30).
Prepare for a dictation.

Спеціальність: Культурологія

 

Downstage	Stage direction: the front of the stage, or that portion of the stage closest to the audience.
Drama	A literary work, such as a play, that tells a story through dialogue intended to be performed by actors. In theatre, the quality of being dramatic. In modern usage, the term drama has come to denote mean the opposite of comedy.
Dramatic Theory	Study and analysis of the dramatic arts, their form, construction, values and their impact on society.
Dramatist	A playwright, or one who writes plays.
Dress Rehearsal	Rehearsal, usually late in the schedule, just before actual performances, in which lighting, costumes, makeup, costume changes, set changes, properties, sound effects, and special effects are used. Also called a "full dress rehearsal".

 

Fabula

Generic Latin term for a play. In Rome the term included several types of plays including: the fabula atellanae, or atellan farce, an early form of folk-based drama; fabula palliata, which were based on translations from earlier Greek texts; and fabula togata, which was a more topical, native type of drama, such as those written by Plautus.

 

 

French Scene	The action which takes place between one actor's entrance and exit.
Fresnel	A lighting instrument with a graduated lens that throws a soft, generally defocused beam of light. Most fresnels allow for some control over the focus of the beam by means of a sliding mechanism.
Futurism	Movement that originated in Italy in the early 20th Century, which spanned all of the arts. It emphasized the impact of technology on society.

 

Improvisation	A situation in which the actors are provided with background on the setting and characters and then spontaneously invent dialogue and action.
Incidental Music	Music written especially for a particular play and which seldom survives its production (as opposed to Broadway and Vaudeville tunes). Originated in Elizabethan English Theatre, but has been used in such modern productions as Tennessee Williams' Glass Menagerie and Truman Capote's Holiday Memories.
Inner Proscenium	See, False Prosecenium. Structure, usually consisting of side flats with a transverse piece, that serves to temporarily reduce the opening of the permanent proscenium.
Interlude	From the Latin interludium (between the play), the term refers to a short dramatic sketch in early English drama. The short, light pieces would be performed between the acts of more serious plays.

 

Kabuki	The popular theatre of Japan -- as opposed to the more formal and aristocratic noh play. The name derives from ka -- singing; bu -- dancing; and ki -- acting.
Kitchen-Sink Drama	Term coined in 1950's British theatre to refer to plays in which the characters were less affluent than those of conventional drama -- spending their time going about domestic tasks such as washing and ironing.

 

Legitimate Theatre	Also referred to as "Legitimate Drama". Term coined in the 19th Century to distinguish the formal five-act plays produced by licensed theatres from those performed in the unlicensed theatres that began to spring up at that time -- particularly those featuring dance and choral numbers as a primary feature, such as revues.
Little Theatre	See, Community Theatre. Little Theatre actually pre-dates Community Theatre in the modern sense of those terms. Little Theatre groups in Europe formed a part of the inspiration for similar theatres in the United States at the turn of the century -- from these modern Community Theatre can trace its heritage.
Mark	The place on stage, in relation to the set and scenery, where a player is to deliver a particular line or commence some action. During rehearsals, actors practice "finding their marks".
Mask	Head-dress used to cover the face and enable the wearer to portray a particular character or animal. In theater, the term often refers to the masks worn by actors in Greek tragedy. Some accounts, perhaps apocryphal, state that these masks, in conjunction with devices contained in them, were necessitated by the vast size of Greek ampitheatres (the largest of which could hold between 15,000 and 20,000 spectators). It is more likely, however, that they were used for traditional reasons of permitting one actor to play more than one role and to lend dignity and mystery to the portrayal of the character.
Melodrama	Originally referred to popular plays in the late 18th and 19th centuries featuring incidental music. Generally involved gothic settings in which virtue triumphed over vice. In the modern sense, the term refers to any piece in which emotions are exaggerated.
Middle Comedy	Term applied to the last two plays of Aristophanes in ancient Greek theatre, and to those of his immediate successors in the early and middle 4th Century B.C. Plays of the Middle Comedy emphasized plot more and contained less revelry and broad satire than the plays of Old Comedy.
Monodrama	Short solo piece for one actor or actress supported by a chorus or silent figures.
Monologue	Long speech by a single actor. Similar to soliloquy. The speech is generally made by the actor as if speaking to himself and is revealing of his or her thoughts or feelings.
Muses, The	There were nine muses in Greek mythology -- the daughters of Mnemosyne, the goddess of memory. Three of these were particularly connected with theater: Melpomene, the muse of tragedy; Terpischore, the muse of dancing; and Thalia, the muse of comedy.
Musical	Play in which the story is told through a combination of spoken dialogue and musical numbers. Originally, the plot was slight and the musical numbers had little connection to, and did little to advance the plot. Development of the musical was particularly advanced by innovative plays such as Porgy and Bess and Oklahoma!
Realism	Movement in the theatre at the end of 19th Century to replace the declamatory style of the "well-made play". While Shakespeare may have had Hamlet instruct the actors to move and speak "naturally" this was probably very different than what we would think of today -- being more advice against the over-emotional acting of farces. Proponents of realism advocated a more realistic depiction of everyday life and movement on stage. Out of this movement grew naturalism as expounded by Constantin Stanislavsky and, ultimately, the Actor's Studio.
Rehearsal	Session during which the director works with the cast and crew, preparing a play for production before an audience.
Scene	From the Greek skene, which was set up on the circumference of the acting area and provided a place for the actors to change masks, etc. The skene is actually the precursor of scenery in modern drama, because it came to be used to represent locations in later Greek comedy. The word scene, as used in modern theatre, denotes a unit of dramatic action in which conflict occurs.
Scenery	Term used to describe everything on stage (except props) used to represent the place at which action is occurring.
Scene Shop	The backstage area in which scenery is designed and built.
Stage Direction	Indications in a script for entrances and exits, and for movement in relation to the set within a particular scene.

Read, translate and learn the given words (1-30).
Prepare for a dictation.

Спеціальність: Хореографія

movement motif a movement or gesture that can be elaborated

upon or developed in a variety of ways in the process of dance

choreography

movement phrase a series of movements linked together to make a distinctive pattern

movement sequence a series of movements, longer than a phrase but shorter than a section of a dance

narrative structure a choreographic structure that tells a story

non-locomotor movement movement in which the body remains anchored to one spot by a body part (e.g., bending, twisting)

pathways patterns created in the air or on the floor by the body or body parts, as a dancer moves in and through space

personal space the "space bubble" around the body, extending as far as the body and body parts can reach

range near, far, big, small

repetition repeat the motif exactly

retrograde perform the motif backwards (like a rewound video)

reversal the performance of the movements of a motif or sequence in reverse order (but not in a backwards direction)

rhythm pattern, breath, steady, irregular

social text an artifact that refers to the society or culture in which it is made and that reflects the dynamics within that society or culture

space level, size, range, place, focus, direction, pathway

tempo fast, slow, increasing, decreasing

time rhythm, tempo, beat

 

Read, translate and learn the given words (1-30).
Prepare for a dictation.

Спеціальність: Образотворче мистецтво

Див.

Методичні рекомендації для студентів спеціальності Образотворче мистецтво. (Є. Швець).

Read, translate and learn the given words (up to the end). Prepare for a dictation

Література

1. Барановська Т.В. Граматика англійської мови. Збірник вправ: Навч. посібник. — Мова англ. — К.: ТОВ "ВП Логос", 2002. — 368с.

2. Верба Г.В. Граматика сучасної англійської мови. Довідник. — К.: Логос, 2000р. — 352с.

3. Гусак Т.М. Практикум з сучасної англ. мови. — К.: "Фірма "ІНКОС". 2002. — 308с.

4. Мисик Л.В., Арцишевська А.Л., Кузнєцова Л.Р., Поплавська Л.Л. Англійська мова. Комунікативний аспект. / За ред.. доц.. Мисик Л.В. — Підручник. — К.: Атака, 2000. — 368с.

5. Бонди Е.А. Английский язык для студентов-историков: Учебник. — 2-е изд.. испр. и доп. — М.: ООО "Издательство Астрель": ООО "Издательство АСГ\ 2001. — 400с.

6. Каушанская В.Л. Сборник упражнений по грамматике английского язика:Пособие для студентов педуниверситетов. — М.: 2000. — 214с.

7. Пестрякова Н.В. 100 английских разговорных тем: Для старшеклассников и абитуриентов. — X.: Форсинг, 1998. — 240с.

8. Raymond Murphy. English Grammar in Use. Cambridge University Press, 1985. – 325 c.