Additional Vocabulary material

ale	пиво
almond	мигдаль
apple sauce	яблучне пюре
baked milk	топлене молоко
baked potatoes in their skins	картопля в лушпинні
baking soda	харчова сода
baking pan	форма для пирога
barbecue	барбекю
basket dinner	пікнік
baste	поливати жиром
bean	біб
beef stew	тушкована яловичина
beet	буряк
beverage	напій
black pudding	кров’яна ковбаса
blanched	почищений
boiled buckwheat	гречана каша
boiled dinner	блюдо з м'яса і овочів
boiled rice	рисова каша
boil up	розжарюватися, назрівати;
red beet soup	червоний суп з буряка
brew	заварити чай
broil	смажити на вогні
broiled fish	смажена риба
brown	підсмажувати, підрум'янювати
buffet	шведський стіл, фуршет
boil over	перелитися через край
ban	булочка з родзинками
cake pan	форма для випічки
cereal	1) (хлібний) злак 2) (cereals) зернові культури
chew	жувати; пережовувати їжу
chop	котлета
chuck roast	печеня з курчати
chump	частина філе (найч. телятина)
cinnamon	кориця (прянощі) цвіт кориці
clove	гвоздика
cold cereal	пластівці з холодним молоком
semolina	манна каша
cookie	домашнє печиво
condensed milk	згущене молоко
condiment	приправа
crisp	твердий
crisp lettuce	кучерявий салат
crust	сухар
cucumber	огірок
curd	молоко, що згорнулося, сир, творог
currant	смородина
dessert spoon	десертна ложка
dough	тісто
doughnut	пампушка
dice	нарізувати у формі кубиків
dissolve grease	розтопити жир
isinglass	желатин
famish	голодувати
filling	начинка, фарш
fish soup	уха

 

Граматичний матеріал: Теперішній перфектно-тривалий час (Present Perfect Continuous)

Стверджувальна форма Affirmative	Питальна форма Interrogative	Заперечна форма Negative
I have (‘ve) been doing	Have I been doing?	I have not / haven't been doing
you have (‘ve) been doing	Have you been doing?	you have not / haven't been doing
he has ('s) been doing	Has he been doing?	he has not / hasn't been doing
she has ('s) been doing	Has she been doing?	she has not / hasn't been doing
it has ('s) been doing	Has it been doing?	it has not / hasn't been doing
we have (‘ve) been doing	Have we been doing?	we have not / haven't been doing
they have (‘ve) been doing	Have they been doing?	they have not / haven't been doing

have/has been + Verb-ing (Present Participle)

 

Випадки вживання

Дія, яка розпочалася в минулому, розвивалася якийсь час і все ще продовжується.	I have been learning English for 5 years.
He has been waiting for her for two hours but she still hasn't come.
I've been doing my homework since dinner.
Your eyes are red. Have you been crying?
Дія, яка почалася в минулому, розвивалася деякий час і завершилася нещодавно чи щойно.	Do you like the room? I have been painting it all day.
Could we go outside? Somebody's been smoking here.

 

Повторення: Present Perfect

 

Ex. 1. Underline the correct word in bold.

1 I always /already do the housework on Saturdays.

2 We haven't booked our summer holiday just/yet.

3 My brother has just/ever joined the football club.

4 Linda has already/ever bought a new dress for the party.

5 Have you so far/ever tasted Japanese food?

6 Joe has been in Paris since/for two weeks.

7 I have never/just seen this film before.

8 The secretary has typed twenty letters yet/so far this morning.

9 I have been working here since/still July.

10 The Taylors have moved house recently/so far.

11 They still/already haven't employed a new supervisor.

 

Present Perfect Continuous

 

Ex. 1. Put in the verbs. Use the Present Perfect Continuous.

Ilona: Sorry I'm late.

Emma: It's OK….I haven’t been waiting...(I / not / wait) long. What(1)..............................................................................................................(you/do)?

llona: I've been with Mrs King. (2)...................................................(she/help) me with my English.

Emma: Your English is very good. You don't need lessons, surely.

How long (3).........................................................(you / study) English?

Ilona: Er, eight years now. But my accent wasn't so good before I came to England.

(4).............................................................................................(I / try) to improve it.

I think (5)..........................................................................................................(it/get) better lately.

Emma: Your accent is fine, Ilona. Honestly.

 

Ex. 2. What could you say in these situations? Write sentences with the Present Perfect Continuous and a phrase with for. Use these verbs: play, read, swim, talk, travel, work

A video is on. It began two hours ago, and it hasn't finished yet.

…The video has been playing for two hours…

1 Matthew went into the water an hour ago. He doesn't want to come out yet.

2 Your friends started their journey around the world three months ago. They've gone about halfway now.

3 Mark got to the office early this morning. Ten hours later he's still there.

4 Melanie rang Rita forty minutes ago, and they're still on the phone.

5 Trevor has got an interesting book. He started it quite a long time ago. Ask him how long.

 

Практичне заняття № 2

ТЕМА: В ресторані (кафе).

Граматичний матеріал: Минулий перфектно-тривалий час (Past Perfect Continuous)

Читання та обговорення тексту за вказаною темою:

 

Table Manners

Good table manners avoid ugliness. All rules of table manners are made to avoid it. To let anyone see what you have in your mouth is offensive. So is to make a noise. To make a mess in the plate is disgusting. So there are some rules how to behave yourself at the table:

Do not attract undue attention to yourself in public.

When eating take as much as you want, but eat as much as you take.

Never stretch over the table for something you want, ask. your neighbour to pass it.

Take a slice of bread from the bread-plate by hand, don't harpoon your bread with a fork.

Never read while eating (at least in company).

When a dish is placed before you do not eye it suspiciously as though it were the first time you had seen it, and do not give the impression that you are about to sniff it.

Chicken requires special handling. First cut as much as you can, and when you can't use knife or fork any longer, use your fingers.

The customary way to refuse a dish is by saying, "No, thank you" (or to accept, "Yes, please"). Don't say "I don't eat that stuff, don't make faces or noises to show that you don't like it.

In between courses don't make bread-balls to while the time away and do not play with the silver.

Do not leave spoon in your cup when drinking tea or coffee.

 

Do not empty your glass too quickly - it will be promptly refilled.

Don't put liquid into your mouth if it is already full.

Don't eat off the knife.

Vegetables, potatoes, macaroni are placed on your fork with' the help of your knife.

If your food is too hot don't blow on it as though you were trying to start a campfire on a dampnight.

Try to make as little noise as possible when eating.

And, finally, don't forget to say "thank you" for every favour or kindness.

 

Vocabulary:

ugliness – потворність

avoid – уникати

offensive – образливо

disgusting – огидний

undue – несвоєчасний, непотрібний, недоречний

stretch – тягтися

slice – скибочка

bread-plate – хлібна тарілка

harpoon – наколювати

fork – вилка

suspiciously – підозріло

sniff – нюхнути

handling – обробка

knife – ніж

customary – звичайний

stuff – речовина, матеріал, річ

bread-balls – хлібні кульки

silver – столове срібло, столові прибори

promptly – негайно

liquid – рідина

campfire – похідне вогнище

damp night - волога ніч

favour – послуга, приємність

kindness - люб'язність

 

Dialog 1

Waiter: Hello, Can I help you?

Kim: Yes, I'd like to have some lunch.

Waiter: Would you like a starter?

Kim: Yes, I'd like a bowl of chicken soup, please.

Waiter: And what would you like for a main course?

Kim: I'd like a grilled cheese sandwich.

Waiter: Would you like anything to drink?

Kim: Yes, I'd like a glass of Coke, please.

Waiter... After Kim has her lunch: Can I bring you anything else?

Kim: No thank you. Just the bill.

Waiter: Certainly.

Kim: I don't have my glasses. How much is the lunch?

Waiter: That's $6.75.

Kim: Here you are. Thank you very much.

Waiter: You're welcome. Have a good day.

Kim: Thank you, the same to you.

 

Vocabulary:

starter – закуска

bowl – чаша, миска

main course – основна страва

bill – рахунок

Dialog 2

Rebecca: This looks like a nice restaurant.

Scott: Yeah, it is. I come here all the time.

Rebecca: Let's sit over there.

Scott: OK.

Rebecca: Can you pass me a menu please.

Scott: Sure. What are you going to have to drink?

Rebecca: I'm going to have a glass of beer. How about you

Scott: I think I'll have a glass of wine.

Rebecca: Do you want to order an appetizer first?

Scott: Not really, maybe we can just order some bread.

Rebecca: OK. What are you going to have to eat?

Scott: I'm not sure. I haven't decided yet. Can you recommend something?

Rebecca: Sure, I've had the steak and the lobster before. They're both very good.

Scott: I think I'll have the lobster. What are you going to have?

Rebecca: I'm not that hungry. I think I'm just going to have a salad.

Scott: I'm gonna go to the bathroom. When the waitress comes back, will you order for me? Rebecca: Sure. No problem.

 

Vocabulary:

appetizer – закуска

steak – біфштекс

lobster – м'ясо омара

Граматичний матеріал: Минулий перфектно-тривалий час (Past Perfect Continuous)

had been + V-ing (Present Participle)

Стверджувальна форма Affirmative	Питальна форма Interrogative	Заперечна форма Negative
I had (‘d) been doing	Had I been doing?	I had not/hadn’t been doing
you had (‘d) been doing	HAD YOU been doing?	you had not/hadn't been doing
he had (‘d) been doing	had he been doing?	he had not/hadn't been doing
she had (‘d) been doing	had she been doing?	she had not/hadn't been doing
it had (‘d) been doing	had it been doing?	it had not/hadn't been doing
we had ('d) been doing	had we been doing?	we had not/hadn't been doing
they had (‘d) been doing	had they been doing?	they had not/hadn't been doing

Випадки вживання

 

Дія, що розпочалася до визначеного моменту чи дія в минулому і все ще продовжувалася в цей момент	When I first met her she had been working as a shop-assistant for 15 years. She had been jogging for two months when I joined her.
Дія, яка розпочалася до визначеного моменту чи дія в минулому і завершилася в цей момент чи незадовго до нього	I had been waiting for two hours when he came. He felt tired because he had been playing football.

 

Повторення: Present Perfect Continuous

 

Ex. 1. Look at these conversations and put in the correct form of the verb. Use the Present Perfect Continuous or Simple.

Sarah: I feel really tired.

Mark: It's because … you’ve been doing.....(you / do) too much.

Sarah: Well, at least …. you’ve finished........(I / finish) that report now, and I can relax.

1. David: Someone................................................................(leave) the ladder outside, look.

Harriet: I expect that's Mike.................................................................(he / clean) the windows.

I don't think................................................................(he / finish) yet.

2. Laura: You've got mud on your shoes.

Trevor: It's all right, I'll take them off.................................................................(I / work) in the garden.

Laura: Yes, it looks a lot tidier. Well done................................................................(you / do) a good job.

3. Tom:................................................................(I / hear) that you and Harriet are building a garage.

How long................................................................(you / do) that?

Mike: Oh, for about a month now. (we / do)................................................................about half of it.

 

повторення: Past perfect