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WORLD BANK

 

World Bank or International Bank for Reconstruction and Development is a multinational institution set up in 1947 to provide economic aid to member countries – mainly developing countries – to strengthen their economics. The Bank has supported a wide range of long-term investments including infrastructure projects such as roads, telecommunications and electricity supply; agriculture and industrial projects including the establishment of new industries, as well as social, training and educational programmes.

The Bank’s funds come largely from the developed countries, but it also raises money on international capital markets. The Bank operates according to 'business principles' lending at commercial rates of interest only to those governments it feels are capable of servicing and repaying their debts.

In 1960, however, it established an affiliate agency, the International Development Association, to provide low-interest loans to its poorer members. Another affiliate of the World Bank is the International Finance Corporationwhich can invest directly in companies by acquiring shares.

 

2.1.3. Определите, какое утверждение соответствует содержанию текста.

1) World Bank has invested in important spheres of economy of the developing countries.

2) World Bank’s funds come from the developing countries.

3) World Bank lends low-interest loans to the developed countries.

4) World Bank raises money on home capital markets.

Завершите утверждение согласно содержанию текста.

Another name of World Bank is ….

1) … International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.

2) … the International Development Association.

3) … International Bank for Reconstruction.

4) … the International Finance Corporation.

Ответьте на вопрос.

What are business principles of World Bank?

1) The Bank lends money at commercial rates of interest to the countries which are capable of repaying their debts.

2) The Bank lends money at low rates of interest to the countries which are capable of repaying their debts.

3) The Bank lends money at commercial rates of interest to the countries whether they are capable of repaying their debts or not.

4) The Bank lends money at low rates of interest to the countries whether they are capable of repaying their debts or not.

 

Определите основную идею текста.

1) The goal of World Bank and its affiliate agencies is to support the economics of developing countries by means of long-term investments and low-interest loans.

2) The goal of the International Development Association isto provide low-interest loans to developing countries.

3) The goal of the International Finance Corporation is to support developing countries by investing directly in companies.

4) World Bank lends money to the governments of the developing countries if they are capable of repaying their debts.

Vocabulary

2.2.1. Соотнесите слова с их значением

1. invest 2. investment 3. provide 4. supply 5. supplied goods 6. purchase 7. customer 8. supplier 9. vendor 1 0. buyer 1 1. pledge 1 2. guarantee 13. earn 1 4. transfer 1 5. pay 1 6. pay off 1 7. payment 1 8. debt 1 9. borrow 2 0. pay back

1) инвестиции 2) закупка 3) поставлять 4) инвестировать 5) снабжать 6) поставляемый товар 7) поставщик 8) залог 9) гарантия 10) заказчик 11) покупатель 12) продавец 13) возвращать 14) переводить (деньги) 15) зарабатывать 16) брать в долг 17) платеж 18) платить 19) долг 20) выплачивать

 

2.2.2. Заполните пропуски в тексте данными словами:

Pay, bank notes, inventions, trade, goods and services, properties, gold standard, willing, inflation-prone, money

What is Money?

Money is one of the most important … of humankind. Without it a complex, modern economy based on the division of labor, and the exchange of …, would be impossible. When you buy a candy bar, you may … for it with a coin or paper note. The storekeeper knows that you will eat candy, and that he never will be able to get it back from you. He also knows that he can eat neither the coin nor the note you gave him. Why does he accept the coin or note in … for candy? It is because the coin is money. At first sight answering the question what money is seems obvious; the man or woman in the street would agree on coins and …, but would they accept them from any country? What about checks? They would probably be less … to accept them than their country's coins and notes. What about credit cards and gold? The … belongs to history but even today many rich people in different parts of the world rather keep some of their wealth in the form of gold than in official, … currencies. The attractiveness of gold, from aesthetic point of view, and its resistance to corrosion are two of the … which led to its use for monetary transactions years. In complete contrast, a form of money with virtually no tangible properties – electronic … – seems to gain in popularity.

Grammar

 

2.3.1. Выберите правильный вариант.

1. Do you like your / yours new job?

2. I know Mr Watson but I don't know his / him wife.

3. Mr and Mrs Baker live in London. Them / their son lives in Australian.

4. We're going to have a party. We're going to invite all us / our friends.

5. I like tennis. It's my / me favorite sport.

 

2. 3.2. Подчеркните подходящий вариант.

1. There’s someone/anyone in my room.

2. There’s any/some chicken in the fridge.

3. There’s anything/nothing in the freezer.

4. Can I tell you something/nothing?

2.3.3. Переведите слова данные в скобках на английский язык.

1. This element has (несколько ) important properties.

2. There is (что - то) in the tube.

3. There is (нет) difference between these two figures.

4. (Кто - нибудь) works in the laboratory (каждое) morning.

5. My friends always go (куда - нибудь) in summer.

 

2.3.4. Закончите предложения no- or any- or some- + -body (one) / -thing / -where.

1. I don't want … to drink. I'm not thirsty. 

2. I feel a bit sick. I think I've eaten … bad.

3. There was a thunder storm during the night but I heard ….

4.  The bus was completely empty. There was … on it.

5. Can I have … in my tea? I don't like it black.

2.3.5. Вставьте: some/ any or little / a little / few / a few.

1. I bought … cheese but I didn't buy … bread.

2. I'm going to the post office. I need … stamps.

3. There aren't … shops in this part of town.

4. George and Alice haven't got … children.

5. Have you got … brothers or sisters?

6. There are … beautiful flowers in the garden.

 

2.3.6. RIGHT or WRONG? Отметьте верно или неверно, если неверно – исправьте.

    few / a few / little / a little, much / many / a lot (of)

1. We didn't spend much money.

2. Jim always puts much salt on his food.

3. We'll have to hurry. We haven't got much time.

4. She's lucky. She has few problems.

5. Can you lend me few dollars?

 

2.3.7. Откройте скобки, поставьте глагол в нужной форме.

1. I knew they (to wait) for me at the metro station and I decided to hurry.

2. I didn’t know that you already (to wind) up the clock.

3. I was afraid that the little girl (not to be) able to unlock the front door and (to go) upstairs to help her.

4. He says that he (to know) the laws of the country.

 

2.3.8. Вставьте say или tell в нужной форме.

1. Can you tell me what time the film starts?

2. What did she … you?

3. Ann … she didn’t like Peter.

4. She always … “good morning” to her neighbours.

5. Please don’t … Jim what happened.

 

2.3.9. Преобразуйте прямую речь в косвенную.

1. The teacher said to me “Hand this note to your parents, please”.

2.  “Don’t worry over such a small thing,” she said to me.

3. “Please, don’t mention it to anybody,” Mary said to her friend.

4. Kate said: “Mike, do you like my dress?”

5. Grandfather said to Mary: “What mark did you get at school?”

 

Speaking

Answer the questions:

1. You show up to your new job. How do you make friends?

2. Where did you grow up? What was it like?

3. What small things make you happy?

4. If you had a free ticket where would you like to go?

5. What is the best part of your daily routine?

6. What was the most dangerous or most challenging thing that you have ever done?

7. What are your healthy and unhealthy habits?

8. Where do you find inspiration?

9. What do you view as a waste of money?

10. How do you stay organized?

 

Библиографический список

 

1. Агабекян И. П. Английский язык для инженеров / И. П. Агабекян, П. И. Коваленко. Ростов-на-Дону: Феникс, 2002. 320 с.

2. Голицынский Ю. Б. Грамматика / Ю. Б. Голицынский. СПб: КАРО, 2002. 544 с.

3. Крылова И. П. Английская грамматика для всех / И. П. Крылова, Е. В. Крылова. М.: Высшая школа, 1989. 271 с.

4. Под ред. Путятиной Е.А., Джейн Пенн. Регионоведение: Омск и Омская область. Учебное пособие по английскому языку. Омск: ООИПКРО, 2003.

5. Рубцова М. Г. Чтение и перевод английской научно-технической литературы / М. Г. Рубцова. М.: АСТ; Астрель, 2002. 384 с.

6. Ц в е т к о в а И. В. Английский язык для школьников и поступающих в ВУЗы. / И.В. Ц в е т к о в а, И. А. К л е п а л ь ч е н к о, Н. А. М а л ь ц е в а. Из-во «Глосса», 1996.

7. Daniel Jones English Pronouncing Dictionary / Jones Danial. Cambridge University Press, 2006.

8. Raymond Murphy Essential Grammar in Use A self-study reference and practice book for elementary students of English / Raymond Murphy. Cambridge university press, 1997. 300 p.

 

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 1

Table of Tenses

 

Tense	Present	Past	Future

Positive / Active voice