Глава II . Сравнительные конструкции С союзом as В произведении оскара уайльда «как важно быть серьёзным»

  Классификация сравнений, по типам конструкций

 

Существенное влияние на степень сопоставляемых понятий оказывают такие связующие слова в структуре сравнения, как like и as.

Рассмотрим сравнения с as на примерах из текста исследуемого нами произведения.

Автор использует разнообразные по своей структуре сравнительные конструкции. Нельзя не отметить разнообразие сравнительных союзов, которые встречаются в тексте.

AS … AS

1. As far as the piano is concerned, sentiment is my forte.

.   I'll reveal to you the meaning of that incomparable expression as soon as you are kind enough to inform me why you are Ernest in town and Jack in the country.

.   I am always telling that to your poor uncle, but he never seems to take much notice... as far as any improvement in his ailments goes.

.   I would strongly advise you, Mr. Worthing, to try and acquire some relations as soon as possible, and to make a definite effort to produce at any rate one parent, of either sex, before the season is quite over.

5. As far as she is concerned, we are engaged.

.   It is perfectly phrased! and quite as true as any observation in civilized life should be.

.   We might go as far as the schools and back.

.   The precept as well as the practice of the Primitive Church was distinctly against matrimony.

.   You young scoundrel, Algy, you must get out of this place as soon as possible. I don't allow any Bunburying here.

.   Disloyalty would be as impossible to him as deception.

.   Oh, flowers are as common here. Miss Fairfax, as people are in London.

.   Was it in order that you might have an opportunity of coming up to town to see me as often as possible?

AS… IF

13. You behave as if you were married to her already.

.   Well, my dear fellow, you need not eat as if you were going to eat it all.

.   You look as if your name was Ernest.

.   My dear Algy, you talk exactly as if you were a dentist.

.   You look as if you had toothache, and I have got such a surprise for you.

.   She looks anxiously round as if desirous to escape.

.   Noises heard overhead as if someone was throwing trunks about.

.   It sounds as if he was having an argument.

AS…

21. They seem, as a class, to have absolutely no sense of moral responsibility.

.   Eating as usual, I see, Algy!

.   It is almost as bad as the way Gwendolen flirts with you.

.   I have introduced you to everyone as Ernest.

.   Oh!... by the way, Lane, I see from your book that on Thursday night, when Lord Shoreman and Mr. Worthing were dining with me, eight bottles of champagne are entered as having been consumed.

.   Cecily, who addresses me as her uncle from motives of respect that you could not possibly appreciate, lives at my place in the country under the charge of her admirable governess.

.   And as a high moral tone can hardly be said to conduce very much to either one's health or one's happiness, in order to get up to town I have always pretended to have a younger brother of the name of Ernest, who lives in the Albany, and gets into the most dreadful scrapes.

.   Oh, they count as Tories.

.   We live, as I hope you know, Mr. Worthing, in an age of ideals.

.   Ah! that is clearly a metaphysical speculation, and like most metaphysical speculations has very little reference at all to the actual facts of real life, as we know them.

.   An engagement should come on a young girl as a surprise, pleasant or unpleasant, as the case may be.

.   I feel bound to tell you that you are not down on my list of eligible young men, although I have the same list as the dear Duchess of Bolton has.

.   There are far too many idle men in London as it is.

.   Surely such a utilitarian occupation as the watering of flowers is rather Moulton's duty than yours?

35. As a man sows so let him reap.

.   He is not one of those whose sole aim is enjoyment, as, by all accounts, that unfortunate young man his brother seems to be.

.   It is perfectly childish to be in deep mourning for a man who is actually staying for a whole week with you in your house as a guest.

.   You are certainly not staying with me for a whole week as a guest or anything else.

.   Well, at any rate, that is better than being always over-dressed as you are.

.   I think that is quite as it should be.

.   Do you allude to me. Miss Cardew, as an entanglement?

.   Shall I lay tea here as usual, Miss?

.   They seem, as a class, to have absolutely no sense of moral responsibility.

.   On the morning of the day you mention, a day that is for ever branded on my memory, I prepared as usual to take the baby out in its perambulator.

.   I don't think that, as things are now, it would be of much practical value to either of us. Dr. Chasuble.

.   However, as your present mood seems to beone peculiarly secular, I will return to the church at once.

.   You may also address me as Aunt Augusta.

.   Yes, quite as I expected.

.   Pretty child! your dress is sadly simple, and your hair seems almost as Nature might have left it.

.   On this point, as indeed on all points, I am firm.

51. As a matter of form, Mr. Worthing, I had better ask you if Miss Cardew has any little fortune?

52. As for your conduct towards Miss Cardew, I must say that your taking in a sweet, simple, innocent girl like that is quite inexcusable.

.   Indeed, when I am in really great trouble, as anyone who knows me intimately will tell you, I refuse everything except food and drink.

.   The fact that they did not follow us at once into the house, as anyone else would have done, seems to me to show that they have some sense of shame left

.   An excellent idea! I nearly always speak at the same time as other people.

SO…AS

56. Nothing annoys people so much as not receiving invitations.

.   You couldn't be so heartless as to disown him.

.   I think it is rather hard that you should leave me for so long a period as half an hour.

.   You won't be able to run down to the country quite so often as you used to do, dear Algy.

.   You won't be able to disappear to London quite so frequently as your wicked custom was.

Сравнительные обороты, используемые в пьесе Оскара Уайльда «Как важно быть серьёзным», можно разделить на две основные группы, согласно грамматическим и лексико-семантическим признакам:

. Простые сравнения;

. Сложные сравнения.

К простым относятся следующие сравнения:

1. They seem, as a class, to have absolutely no sense of moral responsibility.

.   Eating as usual, I see, Algy!

.   I have introduced you to everyone as Ernest.

.   Oh, they count as Tories.

.   An engagement should come on a young girl as a surprise, pleasant or unpleasant, as the case may be.

.   It is perfectly childish to be in deep mourning for a man who is actually staying for a whole week with you in your house as a guest.

.   Well, at any rate, that is better than being always over-dressed as you are.

.   Do you allude to me. Miss Cardew, as an entanglement?

.   Shall I lay tea here as usual, Miss?

.   They seem, as a class, to have absolutely no sense of moral responsibility.

.   On the morning of the day you mention, a day that is for ever branded on my memory, I prepared as usual to take the baby out in its perambulator.

.   You may also address me as Aunt Augusta.

.   Yes, quite as I expected.

Теперь выделим сложные сравнения:

1. As far as the piano is concerned, sentiment is my forte.

.   I'll reveal to you the meaning of that incomparable expression as soon as you are kind enough to inform me why you are Ernest in town and Jack in the country.

.   I am always telling that to your poor uncle, but he never seems to take much notice... as far as any improvement in his ailments goes.

.   I would strongly advise you, Mr. Worthing, to try and acquire some relations as soon as possible, and to make a definite effort to produce at any rate one parent, of either sex, before the season is quite over.

5. As far as she is concerned, we are engaged.

.   It is perfectly phrased! and quite as true as any observation in civilized life should be.

.   We might go as far as the schools and back.

.   The precept as well as the practice of the Primitive Church was distinctly against matrimony.

.   You young scoundrel, Algy, you must get out of this place as soon as possible. I don't allow any Bunburying here.

.   Disloyalty would be as impossible to him as deception.

.   Oh, flowers are as common here. Miss Fairfax, as people are in London.

.   Was it in order that you might have an opportunity of coming up to town to see me as often as possible?

.   You behave as if you were married to her already.

.   Well, my dear fellow, you need not eat as if you were going to eat it all.

.   You look as if your name was Ernest.

.   My dear Algy, you talk exactly as if you were a dentist.

.   You look as if you had toothache, and I have got such a surprise for you.

.   She looks anxiously round as if desirous to escape.

.   Noises heard overhead as if someone was throwing trunks about.

.   It sounds as if he was having an argument.

.   It is almost as bad as the way Gwendolen flirts with you.

.   Oh!... by the way, Lane, I see from your book that on Thursday night, when Lord Shoreman and Mr. Worthing were dining with me, eight bottles of champagne are entered as having been consumed.

.   Cecily, who addresses me as her uncle from motives of respect that you could not possibly appreciate, lives at my place in the country under the charge of her admirable governess.

.   And as a high moral tone can hardly be said to conduce very much to either one's health or one's happiness, in order to get up to town I have always pretended to have a younger brother of the name of Ernest, who lives in the Albany, and gets into the most dreadful scrapes.

.   We live, as I hope you know, Mr. Worthing, in an age of ideals.

.   Ah! that is clearly a metaphysical speculation, and like most metaphysical speculations has very little reference at all to the actual facts of real life, as we know them.

.   I feel bound to tell you that you are not down on my list of eligible young men, although I have the same list as the dear Duchess of Bolton has.

.   There are far too many idle men in London as it is.

.   Surely such a utilitarian occupation as the watering of flowers is rather Moulton's duty than yours?

30. As a man sows so let him reap.

.   He is not one of those whose sole aim is enjoyment, as, by all accounts, that unfortunate young man his brother seems to be.

.   You are certainly not staying with me for a whole week as a guest or anything else.

.   I think that is quite as it should be.

.   I don't think that, as things are now, it would be of much practical value to either of us. Dr. Chasuble.

.   However, as your present mood seems to beone peculiarly secular, I will return to the church at once.

.   Pretty child! your dress is sadly simple, and your hair seems almost as Nature might have left it.

.   On this point, as indeed on all points, I am firm.

38. As a matter of form, Mr. Worthing, I had better ask you if Miss Cardew has any little fortune?

39. As for your conduct towards Miss Cardew, I must say that your taking in a sweet, simple, innocent girl like that is quite inexcusable.

.   Indeed, when I am in really great trouble, as anyone who knows me intimately will tell you, I refuse everything except food and drink.

.   The fact that they did not follow us at once into the house, as anyone else would have done, seems to me to show that they have some sense of shame left

.   An excellent idea! I nearly always speak at the same time as other people.

.   Nothing annoys people so much as not receiving invitations.

.   You couldn't be so heartless as to disown him.

.   I think it is rather hard that you should leave me for so long a period as half an hour.

.   You won't be able to run down to the country quite so often as you used to do, dear Algy.

.   You won't be able to disappear to London quite so frequently as your wicked custom was.

Слова, являющиеся предметом сравнения в тексте данного произведения, относятся к разным частям речи:

1. Существительное:

·   They seem, as a class, to have absolutely no sense of moral responsibility.

·   An engagement should come on a young girl as a surprise, pleasant or unpleasant, as the case may be

·   It is perfectly childish to be in deep mourning for a man who is actually staying for a whole week with you in your house as a guest.

·   Do you allude to me. Miss Cardew, as an entanglement?

·   They seem, as a class, to have absolutely no sense of moral responsibility.

2. Прилагательное:

·   Eating as usual, I see, Algy!

·   On the morning of the day you mention, a day that is for ever branded on my memory, I prepared as usual to take the baby out in its perambulator.

Наречие:

·   Yes, quite as I expected.

Личное местоимение:

·   Well, at any rate, that is better than being always over-dressed as you are.