Insert the appropriate modal verb.

1. Ted's flight from Amsterdam took more than 11 hours. He ________ be exhausted after such a long flight. He ________prefer to stay in tonight and get some rest.

2. If you want to get a better feeling for how the city is laid out, you ________walk downtown and explore the waterfront.

3. Hiking the trail to the peak ________be dangerous if you are not well prepared for dramatic weather changes. You ________research the route a little more before you attempt the ascent.

4. When you have a small child in the house, you ________leave small objects lying around. Such objects ________be swallowed, causing serious injury or even death.

5. Dave: ________you hold your breath for more than a minute?

Nathan: No, I ________.

6. Jenny's engagement ring is enormous! It ________have cost a fortune.

7. Please make sure to water my plants while I am gone. If they don't get enough water, they ________die.

8. I ________speak Arabic fluently when I was a child and we lived in Egypt. But after we moved back to Canada, I had very little exposure to the language and forgot almost everything I knew as a child. Now, I ________just say a few things in the language.

9. The book is optional. My professor said we ________read it if we needed extra credit. But we ________it if we don't want to.

10. Leo: Where is the spatula? It ________be in this drawer but it's not here.

Nancy: I just did a load of dishes last night and they're still in the dish washer. It ________be in there. That's the only other place it ________be.

11. You ________take your umbrella along with you today. The weatherman on the news said there's a storm north of here and it ________rain later on this afternoon.

12. ________we pull over at the next rest stop? I really ________use the bathroom and I don't know if I ________hold it until we get to Chicago.

13. Oh no! Frank's wallet is lying on the coffee table. He ________have left it here last night.

14. Ned: ________I borrow your lighter for a minute?

Stephen: Sure, no problem. Actually, you ________keep it if you want to. I've given up smoking.

15. I ________believe she said that to Megan! She ________insult her cooking in front of everyone at the party last night. She ________have just said she was full or had some salad if she didn't like the meal.

16. ________you ________chew with your mouth open like that? Geez, it's making me sick watching you eat that piece of pizza.

17. Mrs. Scarlett's body was found in the lounge just moments ago, and it's still warm! Nobody has left the mansion this evening, so the killer ________be someone in this room. It ________be any one of us!!!

18. Ted: I don't know why Denise starting crying when I mentioned the wedding.

Pamela: It ________have been what you said about her brother. Or, perhaps she is just nervous. After all, the big day is tomorrow.

19. ________you always say the first thing that pops into your head? ________you think once in awhile before you speak?

20. I was reading the book last night before I went to bed. I never took it out of this room. It ________be lying around here somewhere. Where ________it be? be swallowed, causing serious injury or even death.

 

Choose the right variant.

1. My sight is getting worse. Next year, I am afraid, I______ read without glasses.

a) cannot c) could not

b) may not d) will not be able to

2. Police, firefighters, newspaper reporters and radio broad­casters ______work on holiday in the USA.

a) must c) might

b) could d) should

3.______you______get up early to meet the delegation at the airport?

a) Did, have to c) Have, had to

b) Had, to d) Must, have to

4. Teenagers who commit crimes______be treated as adults

and sentenced to significant punishment.

a) would c) should

b) ought d) have

5. The Senate and the House of Representatives______ap­prove a bill for it to become a law.

a) had to c) was to

b) should d) must

6. When Frank was 13, he______run 100 metres in 15 sec­onds.

a) must c) can

b) could d) could have

7. Janet and Tom did not want to come with us at first time but in the end we ______ persuade them.

a) were able to c) might

b) should d) could have

8. The baseball match was cancelled last week. Craig______anyway because he was ill.

a) must not play c) should not play

b) could not have played d) cannot play

9. You have got plenty of time. You______hurry.

a) must not c) need not

b) should not d) may not

10. According to the contract, the goods______at the port at the end of the week.

a) will arrive c) should arrive

b) are to arrive d) could arrive

11. The dog started to bark loudly, it______traces.

a) can have found c) must find

b) may have found d) may find

12. There is a child sleeping in the next room. You______be so noisy.

a) ought not c) have not to

b) should not d) do not have

13. Knock again. They______not have heard the first time.

a) was c) need

b) ought d) might

14. My friends______tomorrow in the cafe.

a) are to meet c) ought to meet

b) should meet d) were to meet

15.1 cannot find my umbrella: I have a feeling I______have left it on the bus.

a) can c) might

b) ought d) may

16. You have been reading for four hours. This book______ very interesting.

a) must have been c) should be

b) can be d) might have been

17. From what you tell me it sounds as if he______to see a doctor as soon as possible.

a) was able to c) should

b) ought d) must

18. James______take an educational course next Septem­ber. It is a required course.

a) has to c) might

b) may d) need

19. The dog behaves strangely. It______its master.

a) could lose c) should have lost

b) must lost d) must have lost

20.1 do not think you______go out without a raincoat on; it looks like rain.

a) must c) should

b) ought d) need

21. My friends and I have been waiting for Kostia for a whole hour, and then we decided he______fishing without us.

a) must have gone c) should have gone

b) must go d) would go

22. My friend has a good gift for languages. He______an excellent translator.

a) could become c) was able to become

b) could have become d) had to become

23. If Ann had called at his office at five o'clock yesterday, she______him there.

a) may have found c) can found

b) might have found d) could have found

24. Louise______have left her credit card behind when she paid for the petrol.

a) ought c) had

b) should d) must

25. John______find any reason to refuse the invitation to the party. So he accepted it.

a) could not c) must not

b) cannot d) might not

 

Choose the right variant.

1. They must______. They have been working all day.

a) be tired c) to be tired

b) tired d) be tiring

2. You can't______after having such a big meal.

a) hunger c) be hungry

b) hungry d) to be hungry

3. She must______Ukrainian with such a surname.

a) to be c) be being

b) be d) -

4. They must______very satisfied after being graded highly.

a) to feel c) felt

b) be feeling d) feel

5. She can't______. It's after ten o'clock.

a) come c) have come

b) be coming d) to come

6. You must______! No one enjoys taking exams!

a) joke c) be joking

b) not joke d) not to joke

7. They can't______married! They are so different.

a) be getting c) to be getting

b) get d) to get

8. He______be ill because I've just spoken to him.

a) can c)should

b) must d) can't

9. His train______be late because it is always on time.

a) can c) shouldn't

b) can't d) ought

10. Не ______ want to miss the exam because he is hardworking.

a) can't c) must

b) shouldn't d) can

11. - Where is Nick? — I am not sure. He may______ the piano.

a) play c) be playing

b) have played d) be played

12. Look! She can't______to him. They had a row yester­day.

a) talk c) be talking

b) have talked d) to talk

13. What's that smell! My mother must______dinner.

a) cook c) be cooking

b) to cook d) to be cooking

14. His car is broken down. He______an accident.

a) must have c) should have had

b) must be having d) must have had

15. You look tanned. You______in Africa.

a) must have been c) need have been

b) must be d) can't have been

16. It is eight o'clock. They______soon.

a) can come c) must have come

b) should have come d) must be coming

17.1 am sure she______a holiday. She looks so healthy.

a) must have had c) should have had

b) should have d) can't have had

18.1 am sure he______a new car, because he is unemployed now.

a) must have bought c) might have bought

b) should have bought d) can't have bought

19. "Do you know where the Petrovs are?" "I think they ____to London."

a) should go c) must be going

b) could have gone d) may be going

20. The baby is looking for his mother. He______lost.

a) can't get c) mustn't have got

b) must get d) must have got

21. She is tired. She______on a long walk.

a) may be c) might have been

b) mightn't d) have been

22. She is wet. She______her umbrella.

a) must have forgotten c) should have forgotten

b) mustn't have forgotten d) must forget

23. He is so untidy. He______the bathroom much.

a) can't have used c) can have used

b) shouldn't have used d) must have used

24. They hate each other. They______in love.

a) can be c) can't be

b) may be d) can't have been

25. He loves her so much! He______her when she is away.

a) must have missed c) may have missed

b) must be missing d) can't have missed

 

Relative Clauses

Choose the right variant.

1 - The man ___ lives next next door is a taxi driver.

a) where b) who c) whose

 

2 - This is David, ___ I met last weekend.

a) whose b) whom c) who

 

3 - The man ___ daughter was hungry bought her a burger.

a) who b) whose c) whom

 

4 - The hospital ___ I was born has closed.

a) where b) when c) when

 

5 - We went to the restaurant ___ Nathan had some delicious pasta.

a) when b) where c) who

 

6 - I'd like to know the reason ___ she left.

a) which b) why c) when

 

7 - I sold my car, ___ means I have to walk.

a) when b) why c) which