The White House, the Tower, the Old Bailey

§ 60. Nouns of some semantic groups require the definite article. They are:

1. names of hotels, clubs, museums, picture galleries, concert halls, theatres, cinemas, monuments:

the Hilton, the National Tennis Club, the National Gallery, the British Museum, the Louvre, the Carnegie Hall, the Albert Hall, the Old Vic, the Odeon, the Washington Monument, the Lincoln Memorial

2. names of ships and boats:

the Titanic, the Queen Mary

3. names of parties and institutions:

the Conservative Party, the Democratic Party, the London City Council, the House of Commons

Note. Parliament (in Britain) is used without any article (b u t: the British Parliament). The definite article before congress (in the USA) may be dropped, but it is equally correct to use it.

4. names of newspapers:

the Morning Star, the Daily World, the Economist, the Times

Закрепление грамматического материала Lesson 11

1. Adverbs (rule 1) – p. 145 (table № 1) ex. VI, VII p. 147, ex. X, XI p. 148 (in written form).

2. The use of articles with geographical names (rule 2) – ex. XVII p. 150 (orally),

ex. 75 p. 480 (in written form).

3. Закрепление правил чтения – ex. II p. 146 (in written form).

4. Закрепление лексического материала – ex. XXI, XXIII p. 151 (orally),

ex. XXIV p. 152 (in written form).

 

Повторение изученного ранее грамматического материала

1. Adjectives – ex. IX p. 148, ex. 76 p. 481, ex. 83, 84 p. 483 (in written form).

2. Types of questions – ex. XVI p. 150, ex. 72 p. 479 (in written form).

3. Prepositions – ex. XIII p. 149 (in written form).

4. Articles – ex. XIV p. 149(in written form).

5. Indirect statements and general questions – ex. XX p. 150 (in written form).

TEST-PAPER ON LESSON 11

1. Make up 4 types of questions:

1. Guests from all parts of the world come to Russia.

2. Mrs. Smith reads the "Morning Star".

2. Form adverbs from the following adjectives:

slow

good

comfortable

bad

easy

early

3. Write the degrees of comparison:

quickly

much

seriously

fast

well

4. Use the proper articles:

1.... Great Britain is... mighty capitalist country.

2.... Volga is one of... longest rivers in... Europe.

3... Andes are mountains in... South America.

4. In...north of our country summer is short.

5. Translate into English:

1. Вы празднуете 1 Мая в вашей стране?

2. Разреши мне представить?

3. Я говорю на одном иностранном языке.

4. Я предпочитаю говорить по-русски.

5. Я знаю английский гораздо лучшe, чем французский.

6. Она говорит пo-немецки довольно хорошо.

7. Что касается меня, я не понимаю таких вещей.

8. Моя собака понимает почти всё.

9. Ты бы хотел присоединиться к нам?

10. Мы хорошо проводим время.

11. Пошли!

t'i

Lesson Twelve (pp. 154-175)

Grammar

Lesson 12

Rule 1. Participle I

Infinitive	Past Indefinite	Participle II (past participle)	Participle I ( present participle)
to stand	stood	stood	standing
to dance	danced	danced	dancing

Participle I - the fourth form of the verb (действительное причастие) is translated into Russian with the help of the suffixes -ущий, -ющий, -ящий, -вший

e.g. I 'm standing by the window, smoking the pipe.

My wife is sitting in an armchair, reading a book.

Spelling rules learn by heart p. 155

 

Rule 2. The Present Continuous Tense

(the present progressive tense)

The formation

It is formed by means of the auxiliary verb to be (in the present) and Participle I of the notional verb.

e.g. I'm coming. He is leaving now.

I'm just going.

The contracted forms are: I 'm, he's (she's, it's), we 're, (you 're, they 're).

In the interrogative form the auxiliary verb to be is placed before the subject.

Am I writing? Are we writing?

Are you writing? Are you writing?

Is he (she, it) writing? Are they writing?

e.g. Am I speaking to Diana? — Yes, you are. No, you are not.

Who(m) am 1 speaking to?

Who is speaking? - I am.

I'm speaking to Diana, aren't I?

The interrogative-negative forms are: isn’t; aren't.

e.g. Isn't she speaking? (Is she not speaking?)

In the negative form the negative particle not is placed after the auxiliary verb.

e.g. I am not speaking. |

The use

There are several meanings for the Present Continuous Tense:

1. The Present Continuous expresses an action in progress taking place at the moment of speaking (when in Russian we can say сейчас, теперь).

e.g. I’m looking at the photographs my brother sent me.

2. The Present Continuous expresses temporary continuing actions and events that are going on around now: before, during and after the moment of speaking. (They are not necessary in progress at the moment of speaking).

e.g. I'm going to a lot of parties these days.

I hope you are keeping a diary to record life in Moscow.

I usually work in Wembley, but I'm not working there now.

She's living in some village in Yorkshire.

Do you know if she's still playing tennis these days?

3. The Present Continuous is used to express an action planned in the nearest future.

e.g. Lucy's coming for a drink this evening.

I'm seeing Lary on Saturday.

When is he coming back?

4. The Present Continuous is used to express a repeated action with adverbs like always, continually,constantly when there is an element of exaggeration.

e.g. I'm always losing my keys.

I’m continually running into Paul these days.

I’m always doing things like that.

He's always talking at the lessons.

Some verbs are not usually used in the Continuous tense. They express physical or mental perception, feelings, also refer to appearance and possession:

a) to see, to hear, to smell, to taste;

b) to know, to understand, to think, to believe;

c) to feel, to love, to hate, to dislike, to admire;

d) look like, to resemble, to appear;

e) to belong, to contain, to include, to own, possess.

e.g. What do you want to do now?

Note: The verb to have is used in the Continuous tense only in combination withnouns, such as to have a lesson, to have a walk

. e.g. He is having a sleep now.

Rule 3. Special questions in indirect speech

Special questions in indirect speech become object clauses. The word order is direct, i.e. the subject precedes the predicate.

e.g. 'What's your name?' - He asks (me) what my name is.

What are you guys doing tonight? ' - He asks what we are doing tonight.

Rule 4. Imperative sentences in indirect speech

Imperative sentences in indirect speech become infinitive phrases. They are preceded by the verbs tell, order (in commands), ask (in requests), also advise etc. The hearer must be mentioned as the object of the verb.

e.g. 'Come to my place.' - He asks John to come to his place.

Don't wake me up.' - Johnson told her not to wake him up.

Rule 5. Articles