Tick the sentence that best describes the results of Recycling.

a) In general, using recycled materials to make new products costs more and requires more energy than using new materials.

b) Recycling increases the amount of land needed for trash dumps by reducing the volume of discarded waste.

c) Recycling can reduce pollution, either by reducing the demand for high-pollution alternatives or by minimizing the amount of pollution produced during the manufacturing process.

Answer the questions on Text A.

1)What materialscan't be recycled?

2) What methods of making steel using recycled material do you know?

3) What goods can be produced using these methods?

4) What material is more difficult to recycle than metal, paper, or glass?

5) Do you know any hazardous wastes?

6) What wastes are not normally recycled? Why?

Look at the highlighted words in Text А. What do you think they mean in this context? Check in your dictionary and match the words from Text A (1-16) to the definitions (a-p).

A 1) Precious; 2) reclaim; 3) appliance; 4) impurity; 5) bar; 6) crush; 7) shred; 8) ingots; 9) contaminant; 10) hazardous; 11) drain; 12) trash; 13) tire; 14) reducing; 15) emit; 16) disease.

В a) To obtain from a waste product or by-product; b) a solid piece or block of material that is longer than it is wide; c) a mass of metal cast into a convenient shape for storage or transportation to be later processed; d) to be squeezed or forced by pressure so as to alter or destroy structure; e) involving or exposing one to risk; f) to be of great value or high price; g) things that are no longer useful or wanted and that have been thrown away; h) an unwanted substance that is found in something else and that prevents it from being pure; i) an instrument or device designed for a particular use or function; j) something that makes a place or a substance (such as water, air, or food) no longer suitable for use: something that contaminates a place or substance; k) a rubber cushion that fits around a wheel (as of an automobile) and usually contains compressed air; l) to diminish in size, amount, extent, or number; m) to send (light, energy, etc.) out from a source; n) an illness that affects a person, animal, or plant; o) to cut or to tear (something) into long, thin pieces; p) something (such as a pipe) that is used for removing a liquid from a place or container.

Use these words in the correct forms to complete the sentences. Initial letters will help you.

1. This plant emits h ………… chemicals that can cause death if inhaled.

2. They are working to stop the spread of d ………. in rural areas.

3. This purified water is completely free of i ……………….

4. Beyond signing higher fuel efficiency standards into law last week, he has invested $37 billion in research into alternative fuels and other technology, promoted construction of nuclear plants that do not e …….. greenhouse gases, and moved to require cleaner appliances and building codes.

5. Some p ……… metals, such as gold and platinum, face supply challenges going forward, due to high global demand.

6. Residents are complaining that these workers often leave t ………. they are supposed to pick up.

7. The t ………….. consisted of an inner tube containing compressed air that was covered by an outer rubber casing to provide traction.

8. Environmental groups have been r ………………. contaminated sites.

9. Steel i ……………………… range in size from small rectangular blocks weighing a few pounds (or kilograms) to huge, tapered, octagonal masses weighing more than 500 tons (450 metric tons).

10. TCE is the most widespread water c …………………… in the country, seeping into aquifers across California, New York, Texas, Florida and elsewhere.

8. Read Dialogue 1. How can plastics be recycled?

Dialogue 1. RECYCLING

A: (1)… is big business these days, isn't it?

B: Yes, it's definitely a growing business.

A: What do you recycle in your plant?

B: Mainly plastics. Plastics aren't bio-degradable – they don't break down easily in the (2)… – so they shouldn't be thrown away.

A: How is plastic recycled, then?

B: Well, there are basically two methods. One is to break down the chemicals in the plastic into smaller chemical (3)… These can be used in the production of new chemicals.

A: Is that the method you use here?

B: No, we don't do that here. We recycle polyethylene and we make it into other products.

A: How do you do that?

B: By melting it down and then reforming it. Our main (4)… are bin liners for kitchen bins and carrier bags for supermarkets.