Find the examples of the Possessive Case in the texts.

Use the Possessive Case in the following sentences.

1. The room of my friend. 2. The questions of my son. 3. The wife of my brother. 4. The table of our teacher. 5. The poems of Pushkin. 6. The voice of this girl. 7. The new club of the freshmen. 8. The letter of Pete. 9. The car of my parents. 10. The life of this woman. 11. The handbags of these women. 12. The flat of my sister is large. 13. The children of my brother are at home. 14. The room of the boys is large. 15. The name of this girl is Jane. 16. The work of these students is interesting.

Grammar note

Passive Voice (страдательный залог)

1. Страдательный залог употребляется для того, чтобы показать, что действие происходит над объектом (сам объект пассивен).

2. Страдательный залог образуется при помощи глагола to be (в нужном времени) и 3-й формы смыслового глагола.

 

Tense form	Active	Passive
Present Simple	Mary makes tea.	Tea is made by Mary.
Present Continuous	1 am making tea.	Tea is being made (by me).
Past Simple	Mary made some cakes.	Some cakes were made by Mary.
Past Continuous	Mary was making tea.	Tea was being made by Mary.
Present Perfect Simple	Mary has made tea and coffee.	Tea and coffee have been made by Mary.
Past Perfect Simple	Mary had made tea.	Tea had been made by Mary.
Future Simple	Mary will make tea.	Tea will be made by Mary.
Future Perfect Simple	Mary will have made tea.	Tea will have been made by Mary.
Infinitive	Mary has to make tea.	Tea has to be made by Mary.
Modal Verbs	Mary may make tea.	Tea may be made by Mary.

3. Изменение действительного залога в страдательный происходит по следующей схеме:

а) ПРЯМОЕ дополнение в действительном залоге становится подлежащим в страдательном залоге;

б) форма смыслового глагола изменяется на форму страдательного залога;

в) подлежащее в действительном залоге становится дополнением, указывающим на исполни­теля действия, и употребляется с предлогом by или опускается.

Find the examples of the Passive Voice in the texts. Identify the Tense forms.

Choose the correct form of the verb.

1. The porter will (bring, be brought) your luggage to your room. 2. Your luggage will (bring, be brought) up in the lift. 3. You may (leave, be left) your hat and coat in the cloak-room downstairs. 4. They can (leave, be left) the key with the clerk downstairs. 5. From the station they will (take, be taken) straight to the hotel. 6. Tomorrow he will (take, be taken) them to the Russian Museum. 7. At the station they will (meet, be met) by a man from the travel bureau. 8. She will (meet, be met) them in the hall upstairs.

Put the verbs in the brackets in the Passive Voice (mind the Tense form).

1. The new theatre (to open) last month. 2. A cure for cancer (not to find) yet. 3. The article (to translate) into Russian now, it (to publish) in a few days. 4. Normally the passengers (to show) how to use life jackets after the take-off. 5. I (to ask) a lot of questions about my education background at a job interview. 6. The glass mirror (to invent) by the Romans. 7. People always (to impress) by the beauty of the night city. 8. Finally salad, beefsteak and tea (to serve). 9. April Fool's Day (to mark) for the last few years in Russia too. 10. He (to bring up) by his parents to be a distinct man.11. Bread (to eat) every day. 12. The letter (to receive) yesterday. 13. Nick (to send) to Moscow next week. 14. I (to give) a very interesting book at the library last Friday. 15. St. Petersburg (to found) in 1703. 16. At the last competition the first prize (to win) by our team. 17. The question (to settle) as soon as they arrived. 18. Your report must (to divide) into two chapters. 19. The book (to discuss) at the next conference. 20. The composition must (to hand) in on Wednesday. 21. Yesterday he (to tell) to prepare a speech. 22. The article (to publish) last week, if I am not mistaken. 23. The lectures (to attend) by all of us. 24. The rule explained by the teacher at the last lesson (to understand) by all of us. 14. I hope the invitation (to accept) by everybody.

SPEAK about the faculty you are studying at now. Make up 10 simple sentences, using the information from the text. Add 5 more sentences about the traditions of your faculty to your story.

LESSON 4

FAMOUS SCIENTISTS

A. MIKHAIL LOMONOSOV

Answer the question.

1. Who said about M. Lomonosov: “Lomonosov was a great man. He created the first university, …, he was our first university”?

Remember the words.

to enter – поступать в

the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy – Славяно-греко латинская академия

stained glass – цветное, витражное стекло

mineralogy [ֽminə'ræləd3i] минералогия, наука о минералах, ископаемых неорганических веществах

meteorology [ֽmi:tiə'ræləd3i] метеорология, наука об атмосфере и происходящих в ней процессах

the law of conservation of matter and motion – закон сохранения материи и движения

to regard – рассматривать

substance ['s٨bstəns] вещество

to argue ['a:gju:] утверждать, доказывать

to observe [əb'z з:v] наблюдать

transit прохождение планеты (через меридиан)

Venus ['vi:nəs] Венера

to conclude – делать вывод

guess [gεs] – предположение

vertical currents – вертикальные потоки

to point to- указать на

aurora [o:'ro:rə] – полярное сияние

to estimate – оценить, подсчитать

height [hait] – высота

epoch ['i:pok] – эпоха

corpuscular theory [ko:'p٨skjulə] – корпускулярная теория (частиц)

introduce – вводить

thermometer [θə'momitə]

formula ['fo:mjulə] (pl. formulae ['fo:mjuli:])