Основные правила чтения букв и буквосочетаний

Прослушайте кассету и повторите название букв английского алфавита (Tapescript 1, Appendix 1).

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

Ознакомьтесь с правилами чтения гласных букв.

Таблица 1

буква	открытый слог	закрытый слог
a[ ei]	[ ei]	make	[æ]	bag
e[ i:]	[ i:]	be	[e]	pen
i/y[ ai]/ [ wai]	[ ai]	time type	[i]	sit myth
o[əu]	[əu]	note	[o]	not
u [ju:]	[ju:]   [u:] после j,l,r	tube   June, lute, rule	[٨]	nut

Прочитайте следующие слова, используя правила таблицы 1.

[ ei]	[æ]	[ i:]	[e]	[ ai]	[i]	[əu]	[o]	[ju:]	[u:]	[٨]
date mate state fate name fame made make tame	ban mat sat fat hat van mad stamp flat	me be he cedar Peter	met egg hen ten fed bed net met pet	nice mine sky dry fry dime my hike by	dim fit system skip hit myth hint gym drill	stone tone hone mole tone stole note ode go	not lot Tom rod odd rob hot got on	tune mule fume abuse amuse fuse duty	rule June flute rune lute jute July prune lune	dust run sun bus fun cut fuss plus

Прочитайте следующие слова, используя правила таблицы 1.

date, June, me, nice, bon, plus, hike, dust, sun, drill, got, ban, tone, state, stone, Peter, lute, sat, rod, ode, egg, name, bus, fed, July, amuse, lot, fat, fame, fuse, rob, hat, fit, prune, sky, by, made, mad, vane, van, dim, fun, duty, lune, Tom, abuse, note, hot, fuss, hose, rune, on, hone, met, jute, be, venous, go, tune, run, pet, skip, odd, bite, fume, cedar, nylon, system, mole, mule, gym, flute, not, type, sin, dry, hit, fry, dime, dyke, myth, mat, mate, cedar, rule

2.3. Ознакомьтесь с основными правилами чтения следующих буквосочетаний.

Таблица 2

гласная+r	гласная+гласная
ar	[a:]	far	ea [i:]	team
er	[ə:]	her	ee [i: ]	need
ir	[ə:]	stir	ay[ei]	play
or	[o:]	fork	oo[u] [u:]	перед t, k в большинстве случаев	book, foot, moon
ur	[ə:]	turn

Прочитайте следующие слова, используя правила таблицы 2.

[a:]	[i:]	[ə:]	[ə:]	[ə:]	[i:]	[ei]	[o:]	[u]	[u:]
far star smart dart start lark farm car sharp	steam seam tea sea heal meal meat bean neat mean	her were per serpent fern berg	stir sir fir dirt dirty shirt bird mirth	turn nurse curse furnace surname purr hurt	feed seen meet heel deed green teen feel been feed	ray play lay day stay bay way may hay	fork pork torn adorn born morn form dorm	wool look took nook cook brook good book wood	pool too boot mood room moon soon cool spoon food

Прочитайте следующие слова, используя правила таблицы 2.

far, form, too, star, hay, pork, stir, boot, pool, turn, shirt, moon, bean, day, adorn, her, feed, morn, smart, heel, took, look, may, meat, dart, dorm, were, surname, purr, nook, serpent, lay, seen, bay, meet, ray, mean, start, way, mood, nurse, deed, green, cook, torn, stay, meal, dirty, fir, farm, shirt, day, room, lark, fern, fork, car, play, sharp, per, neat, wool, born, hurt

Прочитайте следующие слова, используя правила таблиц 1 и 2.

date, stay, me, meal, nice, shirt, moon, plus, hike, dust, sun, day, room, lark, drill, got, ban, tone, state, stone, bay, meet, Peter, sat, rod, ode, egg, wool, name, may, meat, bus, fed, neat, pork, amuse, lot, sky, fat, fame, fuse, rob, hat, fit, sky, ray, mood, by, day, adorn, made, mad, vane, seen, van, dim, fun, duty, Tom, sharp, abuse, note, cook, torn, hot, form, fuss, hose, on, hone, meet, met, mean, heel, dart, nurse, be, venous, go, tune, per, run, floor, pet, nook, skip, odd, bite, fume, cedar, nylon, system, mole, far, too, pool, turn, surname, purr, deed, green, mule, boot, stir, born, star, hay, gym, morn, took, lay, look, smart, not, type, bean, sin, dry, hit, fry, dime, dyke, fork, myth, mat, mate, were, skip, start, way, her, serpent, feed, dorm, dirty, farm, hurt

3. Ознакомьтесь с основными правилами чтения согласных букв и их сочетаний.

Таблица 3

bt [t]	debt, doubt
c 1) [s] перед e,i,y 2) [k] перед a,o,u	cinema, face, cycle came, cot, cut
g 1) [dʒ] перед e,i,y 2) [g] перед a,o,u	germ, gipsy, gym (исключения: get, girl, give) game, go, gutter,
ck [k]	back, cock, neck
ch,tch [tʃ]	chess, kitchen, rich,
ch [k] в словах греческого и латинского происхождения	school, technical,
ph [f] в словах греческого происхождения	phone, physics,
kn [n] в начале слова	know, knee,
ng [ŋ] в конце слова	sing, song,
sh [∫]	she, ship, fish,
th 1)[ θ] 2)[ ð]	thing, thank, this, with, weather
wh [w] [h] перед о	when, where, why who, whole, whom