Task 3. Compare your abstract and summary with those presented below.

Аннотация

Представлен цифровой алгоритм адаптации для корректировки оценок значений весовых коэффициентов фильтра. Описан общий подход к реализации секции фильтра КИХ - типа на примере одиночного цифрового умножителя. Кратко отмечены некоторые трудности использования альтернативных схем для реализации фильтра.

 

Abstract

Digital adaption algorithm to provide updates for the weight value estimates is presented. Common approach for implementing the FIR filter with a single digital multiplier is described. A number of alternative schemes for filter implementation are briefly touched upon.

 

Реферат

Рассматривается реализация цифрового алгоритма адаптации в полосе частот в реальном масштабе времени. Алгоритм адаптации выполняет корректировку оценок значений весовых коэффициентов подачей на фильтр выборки входного сигнала и выходного сигнала ошибки процесса оценивания. Общий подход к реализации секции фильтра КИХ – типа рассматривается на примере использования одиночного цифрового умножителя. Каждая пара входных воздействий последовательно поступает на умножитель. Произведение накапливается. Произведение «время – ширина полосы частот» увеличивают каскадированием фильтров без влияния на частоту выборки. Это приводит к применению дополнительных умножителей и увеличению стоимости системы и потребляемой мощности. Альтернативные схемы для реализации фильтра имеют недостатки в отношении их суммарной эффективности.

 

Summary

The implementation of digital adaption algorithm at real-time bandwidths is considered. It is relatively simple in a computational sense. The main computation is determined by the linear convolution of the input signal samples with the stored filter weights of the finite impulse response (FIR) filter. The common approach for implementing the FIR filter section uses a single digital multiplier. The inputs (signal and weight) are presented to the multiplier sequentially. The multiplication product is accumulated. The time-bandwidth product is extended by cascading filter without affecting the sampling frequency. Alternative schemes for filter have overall circuit efficiency trade-offs.

UNIT 4. MAKING UP A DIALOGUE

 

Task 1. Read and translate the following summary patterns given below.

Task 2. Analyze the structure of text compression and transformation.

Summary

The interaction between man and machines has become an important topic for the robotic community. It can generalize the use of robots. For active human-robot (H/R) interaction scheme, the robot needs to detect human faces in its vicinity and then interpret canonical gestures of the tracked person assuming this interlocutor has been beforehand identified. We depict functions suitable to detect and recognize faces in video stream and then focus on face and hand tracking functions. An efficient colour segmentation is based on a watershed on the skin-like coloured pixels. A new measurement model is proposed to take into account both shape and colour cues in the particle filter to track face or hand silhouettes in video stream. An extension of the basic condensation algorithm is proposed to achieve recognition of the current hand posture and automatic switching between multiple templates in the tracking loop. Results of tracking and recognition using show the process robustness in cluttered environments and in various light conditions. The limits of the method are to be discussed in future.

 

Summary

Maes's method is based on interaction with the user. It is realized as the organizer of e-mail and the working schedule. Its "intellectual agents" can evolve to a better performing versions by a principal of genetic selection. Grossberg's model of artificial intelligence is based on imitation of brain cells work. It uses permanent and temporary memory. It is applied in the robots recognizing objects while moving. Conrad's "computer-in-jar" replaces electronic devices altogether with the chemical blocks. It works according to the same type of molecules interaction. It is capable to perform operations inaccessible to conventional computers. These developments are created for optimization and increasing artificial intelligence opportunities.

 

Summary

Brain flexibility and power to deal with rapidly changing, ambiguous information can in theory be embodied in computer programs. Neural networks mimic brain strategy of having a large number of switch-like modules. These networks have internal feedback. It gives them the ability of reexamining their own decisions and performing better next time. Temporary memory constantly signals the more permanent memory back and forth to imitate short term and long term memory of a person. Versions of Grossberg's feedback networks found appliances at aircraft building and medical care.

 

Task 3.Try to make up one or two dialogues on the subjects presented in the summary patterns given above. Develop the idea of the dialogue according to your interest and knowledge. Attract your mates to the discussion.