Buying and installing software

 

It’s surprising how quickly your collection of software can grow as you discover new ways to use your computer. Before you can use software, you have to install it on your computer.

The key “ingredients” necessary to install new software are the files that contain the programs and data. These files might be supplied on distribution media. System requirements, which specify the operating system and minimum hardware capacities necessary for a software product to work correctly can be found on the software box or posted on the download site.

Installation basics

 

When you install software, the new software files are placed in the appropriate folders on your computer’s hard disk, and then your computer performs any software or hardware configurations necessary to make sure the program is ready to run. During the installation process, your computer usually performs the following tasks:

- Copies files from distribution media or downloads files to specified folders on the hard disk

- Uncompresses files that have been distributed in compressed format.

- Analyzes the computer’s resources, such as processor speed. RAM capacity, and hard disk capacity, to verify that they meet or exceed the minimum system requirements.

- Analyzes hardware components and peripheral devices to select appropriate device drivers.

- Looks for any system files and players, such as Internet Explorer or Windows media Player, that are required to run the program but are not supplied on the distribution media or download.

- Updates necessary system files, such as the Windows Registry and the Windows Start menu, with information about the new software.

 

Software updates

 

Software publishers regularly update their software to add new features, fix bugs, and update its security. Types of software updates (also called “upgrades”), include new versions, patches, and service packs. A software patch is a small selection of program code that replaces part of the software you currently have installed. The term service pack, which usually applies to operating system updates, is a set of patches that correct problems and address security vulnerabilities. Software patches and service packs are usually free. It’s always a good idea to install patches and services when they become available. The revised code they contain often addresses security vulnerabilities and the sooner you patch up those holes, the better. A new version update usually installs in a similar way as you installed the original version, by activating a setup program, displaying a license agreement, and adding updated entries to your computer’s Start menu. Patches and service packs are usually distributed over the Internet and automatically install themselves when you download them. To combat piracy, many software publishers require users to type in a validation code to complete an installation. The result of an update depends on several factors. Most patches and service pack installations can not be reversed. A new version installation typically overwrites the old version, but you might have the option to keep the old version just in case you have trouble with the new one and need to revert back to the previous version.

Uninstalling software

 

With some operating systems, such as DOS, you can remove software simply by deleting its files. Other operating systems, such as Windows and Mac OS, include an uninstall routine, which deletes the software’s files from various folders on your computer’s hard disk. The uninstall routine also removes references to the program from the desktop and from operating system files, such as the file system restrictions.