Types of views shown on drawings

A section, or cross-section, is a view of a three-dimensional object from the position of a plane through the object.

A cross section is a common method of depicting the internal arrangement of a three-dimensional object in two dimensions. It is often used in technical drawing and is traditionally crosshatched. The style of crosshatching indicates the type of material the section passes through.

An elevation is a view of a three-dimensional object from the position of a horizontal plane beside an object. In other words, an elevation is a side-view as viewed from the front, back, left or right (and referred to as a front elevation, (left/ right) side elevation, and a rear elevation). An elevation is a common method of depicting the external configuration and detailing of a three-dimensional object in two dimensions.

A plan is a view of a three-dimensional object from the position of a horizontal plane through, above, or below the object. In such views, the portion of the object in front of the plane is omitted to reveal what lies beyond. In the case of a floor plan, the roof and upper portion of the walls may be omitted. Elevations, top (roof) plans, and bottom plans are orthographic projections, but they are not sections as their viewing plane is outside of the object.

An exploded view drawing is a type of drawing that shows the intended assembly of mechanical or other parts. It shows all parts of the assembly and how they fit together. In mechanical systems usually the component closest to the center are assembled first, or is the main part in which the other parts get assembled. This drawing can also help to represent the disassembly of parts, where the parts on the outside normally get removed first.

3. Запомните необходимый минимум профессиональной лексики:

 

drawing	чертеж
dimensioning	определение размеров
scale	масштаб
view	вид на чертеже, проекция
installation	установка
assembly	сборка
supply	поставка
tolerance	допуск, допустимая погрешность
procurement	материально-техническое снабжение
section	сечение
elevation	вид на чертеже (спереди, сзади и сбоку)
plan	вид сверху
crosshatching	перекрестная штриховка
plane	плоскость
exploded view	изображение в разобранном виде

 

Задание II

1. Определите по формальным признакам, какой частью речи являются следующие слова, и переведите их:

Description, thickness, convenient, relevant, relative, reference, texture, traditionally, dimension, normally

2. Прочитайте следующие существительные и определите, от каких глаголов они образованы:

Measurement, installation, treatment, procurement, fabrication, arrangement, projection, assembly

Задание III

1. Подберите эквиваленты к глаголам, обозначенным цифрами:

1. convey	a) изображать
2. accommodate	b) пропускать
3. produce	c) раскрывать
4. comprise	d) представлять
5. assemble	e) делать возможным
6. enable	f) передавать
7. depict	g) производить
8. reveal	h) размещать
9. omit	i) собирать
10. represent	j) включать в себя

 

2. Подберите эквиваленты к словосочетаниям, обозначенным цифрами:

 

1. overall dimension	a) габаритный размер
2. general arrangement	b) ортогональная проекция
3. reference drawing	c) трехмерный объект
4. proprietary items	d) поперечное сечение
5. data sheet	e) справочный чертеж
6. orthographic view	f) лист технических данных
7. three-dimensional object	g) общий вид
8. cross section	h) патентованное изделие

 

3. Составьте антонимичные пары:

 

1. reduce	a) external
2. above	b) small
3. front	c) bottom
4. left	d) below
5. internal	e) back
6. big	f) right
7. top	g) enlarge

 

4. Соотнесите термины с их определениями:

 

1. drawing	a) a detailed description of the object size and measurements
2. scale	b) a view of a three-dimensional object from the position of a horizontal plane beside an object
3. dimensioning	c) a view of a three-dimensional object from the position of a horizontal plane through, above or below the object
4. cross section	d) a view showing all parts of the assembly and how they fit together
5. elevation	e) a view of a three-dimensional object from a position of a plane through the object
6. plan	f) a graphical language used by engineers
7. exploded view	g) drawing method used to enlarge or reduce a drawing in size while keeping the proportions of the drawing the same

 

Задание IV