Indefinite Continuous Perfect Perfect

Continuous

Present ________________________________________________________________

Past __________________________________________________________________

Future ________________________________________________________________

б) в тексте также есть 10 случаев употребления Passive Voice. Найдите их и переведите;

в) в тексте 4 раза употреблено Participle I и II раза —Gerund. Найдите их и определите разницу между ними;

г) найдите в тексте все случаи употребления усилительных конструкций и переведите эти предложения.

18.3.10. Петр пытается объяснить Нелли значение некоторых слов. Он нашел определения для всех этих слов и выражений (правая колонка), но не может соотнести их с самими словами (левая колонка). Помогите ему.

1. objection; a) not guilty;

2. to suspect; b) to show publicly for some purpose;

3. to release; c) statement of dislike; disapproaval or

4. innocent; opposition;

5. perjury; d) to feel interest, anxiety or sorrow;

6. to execute; e) carry out punishment by death on smb.;

7. to exhibit; f) to set free;

6. to care; g) to feel doubt about smth. or smb.:

9. to solve; h) to find the answer or a way out of a dif-

10. to testify, ficulty;

i) to give evidence;

j) an offence of making a false statement after taking an oath to fell the truth.

18.3.11. Перед вами 3 колонки слов — по одной для каждой группы студентов. Ваша задача — сочинить рассказ, используя в нем все слова колонки, не изменяя их порядка.

I II III

marriage husband to suspect

to testify accomplice to depend upon

problem innocent idea

to care to release perjury

18.3.12. Вам дали пленку с записью разговора двух подозреваемых. Некоторые слова на ней звучат неразборчиво. Постарайтесь восстановить этот диалог. Вам могут понадобиться слова в скобках.

1. When did John... the building?

2. At 6.

1. Did he take the stand at...?

2. Yes, he did.

1. Were there any... from the part of prosecu­tion?

2. None at all.

1. Good. Was he asked about Bill's...?

2. Yes, he was. But he didn't... it.

1. Did the jury...?

2. Yes, they did. They... Bill!

1. Congratulations! I was afraid Bill could be...

2. But John's... will cost much.

1. I don't...! Bill will have to pay.

(release, witness-box, accomplice, care, enter, testify, perjury, objections, execute, bring a verdict)

18.3.13. Скажите по-английски:

1. Вынесли ли присяжные заседатели при­говор? 2. Судья предупредил свидетеля, что перед тем, как давать показания в суде, он должен принять присягу. 3. Обвиняемый был признан невиновным и немедленно осво­божден. 4. Кто подозревается как соучастник преступления? 5. Вы читали в газетах, что его будут судить за лжесвидетельство? 6. «Пред­ставьте вещественное доказательство № 2», — сказал обвинитель. 7. Когда он занял место свидетеля, он не имел никакого представления, о чем его будут спрашивать. 8. В тот момент, когда он увидел присяжных, он понял, что они вынесли вердикт о виновности, и он будет казнен.

18.3.14. Представьте, что вы посмотрели фильм «Свидетель обвинения» и хотите рассказать своим друзьям о нем. Но у вас совершенно нет времени для этого. Попробуйте озаглавить каждую сцену (урок 18). Это и будет выход из затруднения.

18.3.15. Ваши друзья хотят узнать о фильме подробней. Постарайтесь ответить на их вопросы.

1. Who was the surprise witness for the prose­cution?

2. Why did Sir Wilfred object to Christine testifying against her husband?

3. What was the evidence given by Christine?

4. What was the effect of Christine's testimony on the jury?

5. What kind of evidence came into Sir Wil-fried's possession?

6. What facts did the letter reveal?

7. What was the verdict?

8. Why did Christine have the right to say that both of them, SirWilfried and she, had saved Vole?

9. Who was the girl that rushed into the room?

10. What did Sir Wilfried mean by saying «She's executed him»?

18.3.16. Предположим, что вы — а) Кристина, б) сэр Уилфред. Расскажите, что случилось в по­следний день судебного заседания.

Practice in communication

(Opinion)

18.4.1. Read and try to remember:

A. I (honestly/really) believe/think/feel that...

It's my opinion that...

It my opinion...

B. (Agreement) (Disagreement)

I think so too. I don't (quite) agree (with you).

I agree (with you). I don't think so.

I think you are right. I don't believe that.

(Partial agreement) That's your opinion, not mine.

Well, yes... I don't think you are right

I see what you mean, (there).

but...

That may be true, but...

But on the other hand...

18.4.2. Express your personal opinion about the follow­ing topics:

1. Traffic in the centre of towns.

2. Women in legal profession.

3. Learning foreign languages.

4. Youth organisations.

5. Love at first sight.

Let other students express their own opinions.

18.4.3. Read the dialogue and then dramatize it.

A. and B. are talking about tomorrow's world.

A. is a pessimist: she thinks the world is getting worse every year.

B. is an optimist: thinks it's getting better.

A. D'you really think the world's improving every year?

B. Yes, I do. I think that Science is making us wiser.

A. I don't think you are right there.

B. I believe industry is making us wealthier.

A. I don't believe that.

B. And in my opinion Medicine is making us healthier.

A. That may be true, but we're all more mise­rable than ever, aren't we?

B. I don't agree with you. I maintain that we're healthier, wealthier and wiser than we were a hundred years ago.

A. That's your opinion, not mine.

General understanding

18.5.1. Read the text. Try to understand it and be ready to answer the questions.

The man who escaped

(Episode 18)

1. Hugo saw that Coke had come to. Coke tried to get up but his hands were tied. His head hurt terribly. Hugo looked at him like a shark inspecting his dinner. «We would never have become suspicious if you hadn't used Master's white Jaguar», he said. «When we saw it parked halfway up the road, we decided to wait and see what would happen. Then, after we got you, we went out and got your girl-friend», he continued.

Coke knew he would never have made such a stupid mistake if he had not been so tired. He had not slept properly for days. He looked at Kate. «I'd never have got you into all this if I hadn't asked you for help», he said to her. He was trapped. It seemed there was nothing he could do and nobody who could help him. Hugo took out a revolver. «You'd never have bothered us again if I'd used this four years ago», he said. He came closer to Coke and aimed the revolver carefully at his head.

2. Suddenly there was a terrific crash as three police­men broke down the side door of the garage. Hugo turned round and gaped. «No, Hugo. Look up here!» a voice roared from the sky-light above. Suddenly, everybody stopped. Nobody made a move. Then Baxter dropped through the sky-light, which was still open, and onto the lorry and finally to the ground. Three more policemen followed him. Baxter walked over to Hugo. «Your revolver, please», he said simply. «I was only protecting my property», Hugo answered. «This man broke in. That girl helped him. Send him back to prison!» Baxter listened and smiled. «Certainly, but only after you've given me that revolver», he replied. Hugo handed it to him silently.

3. The policemen around Baxter and at the door suddenly moved forward and seized Hugo, Masters and the three men.

«We've followed you everywhere for days; that's why we're here now», Baxter told Masters. Then he turned to Hugo and said: «And I've been up there for half an hour. I've heard everything you've said. Also, I think you'd have phoned us an hour ago, when Coke first broke in, if you'd only wanted to protect your property!»

Before Hugo could protest, he and the others were led away. Baxter helped Coke to his feet. «What we know now already proves you were innocent», he said. Then he untied Coke's hands. Coke was a free man again.

THE END

18.5.2. Choose the correct answer. Don't use the text

1. Hugo would never have become suspicious if Coke...

a) hadn't come with Masters;

b) hadn't used Masters' car;

c) hadn't come to the garage.

2. Hugo said that...

a) he had tried to protect himself;

b) he hadn't done anything wrong;

c) he was protecting his property.

3. Baxter told Masters that...

a) they had been following him everywhere for days;

b) they had learnt about everything from Coke;

c) they had been phoned by somebody an hour before.

18.5.3. Answer the teacher's questions. (Books closed.)

1. Why did Hugo manage to catch Coke?

2. Why did Coke make a mistake?

3. Who dropped through the sky-light?

4. How did Baxter try to explain himself?

5. What did Baxter tell Coke?

18.5.4. Try to compose the plan for the whole story «The man who escaped».

Scanning practice

18.6.1. Read the questions. Be sure you've got them well in mind.

1. Whom did the police arrest in connection with the killing?

2. Why did the police free him three months later?

3. What does the test involve?

4. What does the DNA form?

5. How much time and money does test take?

18.6.2. Start scanning the text. Don't fail to note your time.

DNA prints

(A foolproof crime test)

Dawn Ashworth, 15, left a friend's house last July to walk to her home in Enderby, a village in England's East Midlands. She never made it. Two days later her body was found; she had been raped and strangled. Soon after, police arrested a 17-year-old youth in connection with that killing and an earlier, similar murder.

But three months later, convinced that the suspect was innocent of both crimes, the police freed him. How could they be so sure? By using the new technique of DNA fingerprinting they had proved that man was innocent. This month the police began using the test on blood from 2,000 Midlands men, hoping that if one of them is guilty, his DNA print will give him away.

The test involves comparing the DNA of blood or hair roots found at the scene with the DNA of a suspect. What makes it foolproof is that no two people (other than identical twins) have the same genetic characteristics. While considering this fact in 1983, Alee Jeffrets, a geneticist at the University of Leicester in England, realized it might be the basis for an important new tool in criminal investigations. The DNA from each individu­al, he found, formed a unique pattern — in effect a DNA fingerprint.

In the Midlands case, Jeffreys established that the DNA pattern of the 17-year-old suspect did not match those obtained during the murder investigations. The patterns of each of the 2,000 Midlands men will undergo similar scrutiny. But that may take a while. Each test involves a complicated series of steps over a period of 2 1 /2 weeks. Still, Jeffreys believes, with further refinements, and despite $ 300 price tag, the test will more than pay for itself in criminal investigations.

(«Moscow News» from «Times»)

(309 words)

Note: DNA—deoxyribonucleic acid—ДНК— дезоксирибонуклеиновая кислота, (носитель генетической информации)

18.6.3. Answer the questions in 18.6.1. (Books closed.)

Listening practice

18.7.1. Look at the following question. You'll have to answer them after reading the text.

1. What is Mayor or Bamford going to read?

2. Where are both of the candidates?

3. Have they been Members of Parliament be­fore?

4. Who has won the election?

5. What are the Labour supporters doing?

6. How many times have the Labour candidates won the election?

18.7.2. Listen to the story.

18.7.3. Answer the questions in 18.7.1.

18.7.4. Look through the list of words. They will help you to understand the story.

weird — странный

survive — выжить

dehydrate — обезвоживать

fiancee — невеста

grieve — скорбеть

eternity — вечность

blame — обвинять

frostbite — обмороженный

shelter — укрыться

hoist — поднимать

18.7.5. Listen to the dialogue. Be ready to give the contents of it.

18.7.6. Tell the contents of the dialogue as close to the text as possible.

Time for fun

18.8.1. Read and translate the following jokes.

1. «Without a doubt», declared the lawyer, nodding his head as his client finished his story, «you have one of the best and surest cases I have ever met».

«Thanks», said the client grabbing his hat. «I'll settle this case out of court». «But I said it is the best I've heard», cried the astonished lawyer.

«I know», replied the other; «but I have just told you the other fellow's side of it».

2. Judge: «Have you ever been up before me?» Accused: «I don't know. What time do you get up?»

3. «I shall have to give you ten days or 20», said the judge. «I'll take the 20, Judge», said the prisoner.

4. Judge: «How could you swindle people who trusted you?»

Prisoner: «But, Judge, people who don't trust you cannot be swindled».

!!! 18.8.2. Can you complete these sentences with one of these verbs: speak, tell, talk in their proper forms?

1. She... three languages.

2. We... about old times for hours last night.

3. They... they would arrive at 2 o'clock.

4. He has a very patronising manner and always... down to people.

5. I'm not on... terms with my neighbours yet.

6. The teacher... the naughty boy off.

7. She doesn't always... the truth.

8. I didn't want to change my job but my sister.. me into it.

9. She... me she was ill.

10. The bill came to £20 all....

КРАТКИЙ СПРАВОЧНИК: СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ, ГРАММАТИКА

UNIT 1

Словообразование: суффикс существительного. Суффикс -еr, прибавленный к основе глагола, является признаком производных существительных, обозначающих исполнителей того действия, на которое указывает глагол, например:

player — игрок

follower — последователь

beginner — начинающий

Суффикс -еr, прибавленный к основе существительного или прилагательного, является признаком производных существительных, обозначающих лицо, живущее в определенном месте, а также занятие или профессию, например:

Icelander — исландец

mountainer — горец

gardener — садовник

geographer — географ

Грамматика: