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ТЕМА 4
Grammar: The Noun. The Article. Vocabulary: Sports. Keeping fit. Содержание темы
1. Regular plurals 2. Irregular plurals. 2.1. Greek and Latin Nouns. 2.2. Group nouns. 2.3. Countable. Uncountable Nouns. 2.4. Compaund Nouns. Possessive case. 4. Rules for Subject. 5. Use of a/an 6. Use of the. 7. Geographical names.
Рекомендуемая литература
English Grammat in Use, Raymond Murphy, Cambridge University Press, 1997 (pp 136-160)
Раздел: Учебно-методические материалы Вспомогательные материалы
Grammar The Noun
The Article
Geographical names
Vocabulary
Study the important vocabulary: Equipment - what you hold in your hand: golf - club, squash/tennis/badminton - racket, darts - dart, archery - bow, cricket/table tennis/baseball - bat, hockey - stick, snooker/pool/billiards - cue, canoeing - paddle, rowing - oar, fishing - rod/line
Sports: discus, javelin, high jump, long jump, pole vault, sprint, long-distance running, marathon, jogging, hand – gliding, windsurfing, bowls, darts, riding, snooker, pool, billiards, motor – racing, swimming.
Verbs: to win, to loose by three goals/points, to brake the record, to hold the record for, to be defeated, to score goals/points, to take up, to be interested in sports, to take an active part in, to watch sports on television, to make fun of stay-at-home sports, to enable to enjoy all kinds of sport events, to try to keep fit, to give up.
People who do particular sports: -er can be used for many sports: footballer, swimmer, windsurfer, high-jumper, cricketer, golfer, etc Player is often necessary: tennis - player, snooker - player, darts – player, football-player, cricket - player Grammar 1. This portrait was ___ dead secret. 1) Dorian's and Lord Henry's 2) Dorian's and Lord's Henry 3) Dorian and Lord Henry's 4) Dorian and Lord Henry 2. The crossroads ___ usually the most dangerous place for beginner-drivers. 1) are 2) is 3) were 4) was being 3. The baggage ___ apparatus and appliances. 1) contain 2) contains 3) have contained 4) was contained 4. Money ___ so scarce that ___ could fairly be said not to exist at all. 1) are, they 2) were, it 3) had been, they 4)is, it 5. _____talks on the problems of ___ Middle East were suspended. 1) Peace's, the 2) Peace, — 3) Peaceful, the 4) Peace, the 6. The news ____ so depressing at the moment. We don't know what to do about________. 1) is, it 2) are, them 3) was, these 4) were, it
7. We usually expect that bad news _______brought by _____. 1) are, a telegram 2) is, telegrams 3) have been, telegram 4) has, the telegrams 8. _____ was the day _________ yesterday. 1) The France's Independence Day, after 2) The day of the French Independence, since 3) French's Independence Day, above 4)France's Independence Day, before
9. That magnificent _______ temple was constructed by ______ Chinese. 1) eight-centuries-old, the 2) old-eight-centuries, ___ 3) eight-century’s-old, a 4) eight-century-old, the
10. His advice dull, never helped me. Is, it has 2) are, they have 3) was, they have 4) were, it has 11. This watch ___ a special favorite with Mr. Pickwick, ___ about for a great number of years. 1) were, carrying 2) was, having been carried 3) is, been carried 4) have been, having carried 12. Her hair ___ loose and half-falling and she wore a nurse's dress. 1) was 2) were 3) are 4) have been 13. He said that the latest news ____. 1) is old 2) were old 3) have been old 4) was old 14. Look at this beggar! She is dirty, her hair _ shaggy, her clothes ____ like rags but she persists in saying that all the money ________________________ to her. 1) are, look, belongs 2) is, looks, belong 3) is, look, belongs 4) are, looks, belong 15. Statistics ____ a branch of economics, but it is often said that there _ lies, damn lies and statistics. 1) is, is 2) are, are 3) is, are 4) are, is 16. The number of Mexican students in class __ large and a number of them______often missing from class. 1) was, was 2) was, were 3) were, were 4) were, was
17. A Committee ___ formed to work out a new plan two weeks ago. The Committee ________ of the opinion that the plan can be carried out within a month. 1) was, are 2) were, is 3) has been, are 4) have been, were 18. Our crew ___ of twenty men. Now all the crew ___ standing on deck and watching a large whale approaching the ship. 1) consist, are 2) consists, are 3) consists, is 4) consist, is 19. The number of students of our college __ since 1990, but only a number of students ______ fit to participate in these competitions and the majority of them ________capable of becoming winners. 1) have been increased, found, was 2) increses, finds, are 3) incresed, was found, was 4) has increased, were found, were 20. The police ____ been looking for this criminal for two months. Our policemen_____________ about to arrest him in Central Square last Monday but he managed to escape in the crowd which _______ pushing, shouting, joking, screaming. 1) has, was, were 2) have, were, was 3) have, were, were 4) has, were, was 21. What ____ the news? All is quiet: the cattle ____ grazing in the fields, the crops ________getting ripe, the family_______ healthy and happy. 1) are, is, are, is 2) is, are, are, are 3) are, is, are, are 4) is, are, is, is 22. After____ period of drought it started raining__ day. 1) six month, one 2) a six months', every 3) a six month's, some 4) the six month, every
23. If the____ is left open, the optics will burn out. 1) machine's lid 2) lid of machine 3) lid of the machine 4) machine lid
24. The vacation ___ great fun. 1) are 2) was 3) have been 4) is being 25. The____ wages_____ raised. 1) worker, are 2) worker's, is 3) workers', were 4)working, have been 26.____ President____ election was widely forecast by the polls. 1) The, Clinton 2) _____,Clinton's 3) ___, Clintons 4) The, Clinton's 27. Everybody____ the Swiss police____ great at finding people. 1) says, is 2) tell, are 3) says, are 4) speak, is 28. ____ news ____ impressed him very much. 1) These, have 2) This, has 3) Those, - 4) The, haven’t 29. You haven’t ____ time if you want to finish the job in time. 1) many 2) plenty 3) much 4) a lot 30. She showed him his seat, which was next to ____, and left the classroom. 1) Helen’s 2) Helen 3) Helens 4) Helens’ 31. I have a lot of ____ to do but in spite ____ this I like my ____. 1) job, of, work 2) work, of, job 3) job, from, position 4) -, at, work 32. It was difficult for him to live on the ____ interest that the bank paid him. 1) ten per cents 2) ten per cent’s 3) ten per cent 4) ten per cents’ 33. Come to visit me in ____ time. 1) a two weeks time 2) a two week’s time 3) two weeks’ time 4) the two week time
34. She was ____ pleased by the news that her ____ boy had mastered French. 1) the most, 8-year-old 2) most, 8-year-old 3) very, 8-years’ old 4) such, 8-years-old
35. The author knew that the readers would like ____ story. 1) new Sherlock Homes 2) the new Sherlock Homes’ 3) the new Sherlock Homes 4) a new Sherlock’s Homes
36. Look! ____ heavy clouds. It is going to rain. 1) So 2) What a 3) Such 4) Such a 37. It was ____ good weather that we couldn’t help ____ to the country. 1) such, going 2) such a, going 3) very, to go 4) so, not to go 38. Both brothers look handsome, but ____ his brother John, Michael has made good use of his ____. He is a star in Hollywood now. 1) unlike, look 2) like, looks 3) unlike, looks 4) not like, outlook
39. Then he was suddenly on the steps of the city hall and ____ a lot of police around. 1) it was 2) there was 3) there were 4) has seen
40. She finally said: “I’m going on vacation in ____ time. I won’t be seeing you then for a month.” 1) two weeks 2) a weeks’ 3) two week’s 4) a couple of weeks’
41. Girls called Rosemary get married in white veils and take ____ from their ____ and wait in the evenings in green suburbs for their commuting husbands. 1) advices, mothers-in-law 2) some advice, mother-in-laws 3) an advice, mother’s-in-law 4) advice, mothers-in-law
42. When he arrived he discovered that ____ living-room was filled with friends who had come to say last-minute farewells to ____ Doctor Carpenter and his wife. 1) the Carpenters’, - 2) the Carpenter, the 3) Carpenters, - 4) The Carpenter’s, a
43. The police arrived at 10 in the morning and ____ since then in case of trouble. 1) wait 2) have been waiting 3) has waited 4) had waited
44. We were ____ tired when we had reached ___ house. 1) prettily, Uncle David and Aunt Margaret 2) very, Uncle David’s and Aunt Margaret’s 3) pretty, Uncle David and Aunt Margaret’s 4) extremely, Uncle David’s and Aunt Margaret 45. I went around ____ deck, looking at the faces of my ____. 1) that, fellows-passengers 2) the, fellow-passengers 3) a, fellows-passenger 4) -, fellow-passenger’s
46. It was obvious that ____ were innocent. They ____ about the plan. 1) the Tanners, couldn’t have known 2) Tanners, can’t have known 3) the Tanners family, shouldn’t know 4) Tanner, knew nothing
47. His father and ____ number of his cronies ____ in the dining-room. 1) a, were 2) the, was 3) a, was 4) the, were
Supply the missing words. 1. I'm so pleased you got into university!............................. on your success! 2. The goods you ordered......……………. arrived. 3. All their belongings.……………....... been destroyed in a fire. 4. How much.................………..a good pair of trousers cost these days? 5. I know he's clever, but............................. aren't the only thing in life. 6. If your clothes............................. dirty, please put them in the laundry basket. 7. My jeans (not)........................ faded much even though I keep washing........... 8. I'm looking for the pliers. - You'll find............................. on that shelf. 9. My earnings (not).................... high, but at least they.......................... regular. 10. These shorts............................. fit me at all! 11. Sorry, I'm late, but I had a lot of....... to do. 12. Julie bought herself a complete new....... for winter. 13. Thanks for a great weekend! We really had a/an........ 14. In order to prove Smith is guilty, we must find some........ 15. Where............................. the scissors? -............................. are in the first drawer on the left.
6. Complete each sentence with a/an, some, the or by leaving the space blank. 1. As someone said, ___ life is becoming more and more difficult these days. 2. I don't know much about ___ life of ___ Salvador Dali. 3. ___ running is supposed to be good for you 4. I ought to be fit with all ___ running I do, but I don't feel fit. 5. Which is your favourite colour? - ___ Red. 6. I think ___ red one will suit you best. ___ Red is more your colour. 7. We learnt ___ English at school, but ___ English we learnt was useless. 8. ___ London is safe today, but___London in the 18th century was pretty rough. 9. ___ indoor plants require a lot of effort and attention. 10. What has been the longest period of ___ peace in ___ history? 11. If you study ___ history, you've got to read a lot. 12. ____ journeys to unknown places require a lot of preparation. 13. ___ lives of ___ poets and ____ musicians have often been unbearably difficult. 14. I'm not interested in the price of ___ silver or the price of ___ gold. 15. ____ time is ___ money.
Vocabulary Find the right word. 1. Sue came first in the 5000 meter competition /game /race. 2. Jack and Eddie arranged to meet outside the football ground /field /pitch. 3. Brenda goes jogging every morning to keep exercised /fit /trained. 4. Our team beat/defeated/won the match by two goals to nil. 5. The local stadium isn't large enough for so many audience /viewers /spectators. 6. I'm afraid I don't find basketball very interested /interesting. 7. Collecting matchbox labels is Rebecca's favourite leisure /occupation /pastime. 8. Norman won first medal /prize /reward in the cookery competition. 9. All competitors /rivals /supporters for the relay race should make their way to the track. 10. The final result was a/an draw /equal /score. 2. Complete each sentence with a word from the list: handlebars racket rope glasses net costume whistle saddle rod club ice 1. Skiing can be dangerous if you don't wear dark ……………. 2. Iona’s bike crashed into a tree, and she was thrown over the ……………. 3. Suddenly the referee blew his …………. and pointed to the penalty spot. 4. I learned to ride a horse without using a ………………... 5. I had to play the doubles match with a borrowed …………………... 6. Emma tried to hit the golf-ball with her ……………., but missed it. 7. After the tennis match, one of the players jumped over the ………….. 8. Terry went fishing with the new …………….. his parents gave him. 9. A mountain-climber's life may depend on their ………………... 10. Open-air skating can be dangerous if the …………….. is too thin. 11. When Brenda entered the swimming competition she bought a new …….. ТЕКСТ
The Urgup Cones are located in valleys to the west of the village of Urgup, which lies 225km southeast of Ankara, Turkey's capital, and 87km southwest of Kayseri. Caves in the soft, volcanic rock of the cones and cliffs have been inhabited by peasants and monks for at least 2,000 years. Finely decorated with richly coloured frescoes, more than 300 caves in the region have been transformed during medieval times into simple sanctuaries and churches. In the 6th century AD, Cappadocia lay under the rule of the Christian Byzantine Empire (AD 330-1453), centred at Constantinople. At that time, many monks were inspired by the teachings of St Basil the Great (329 - 379), who had been Bishop of Caesarea (the modern Kayseri, which lies some 87km to the northeast of Urgup). St Basil established the monastic tradition in Cappadocia when he promoted the idea that monks should live neither in isolation nor in large numbers, but rather in small groups. At Urgup, and in other valleys such as Goreme, monks built small churches in the cones and rocks. Usually simple rectangular structures, these churches rarely exceeded 8m in length. The monks decorated the walls and ceilings with simple designs yet ones symbolic of early Christianity, such as crosses, fish, pomegranates and the palm tree of Paradise. In AD 726 portraits of Jesus and the saints were considered as devotion to idols and forbidden. But in about AD 850 realistic scenes and figurative paintings returned to favour, and stories from the Bible were retold on long, segmented paintings. Around Urgup there are more than 150 rock-hewn churches. The most magnificent date from the 10th and 11th centuries when wealthy noblemen competed with each other to establish the best churches or monasteries. They often invited the Empire's most skilled artists to decorate the interiors with elaborate, strikingly coloured frescoes. Politics and war soon brought an end to the popularity of Cappadocian churches. In the 11th century, Moslems defeated the Byzantine Empire and took control of the region, and although local artists tried to maintain the tradition, they lacked the skill of earlier painters. Following the Turkish invasions of the 13th century, all attempts to build and decorate churches stopped.
(Word count 369) ТЕСТ 1.You know ___ French is ___ Romanic language, and I recommend you this book dealing with the problem of ___ French grammar.
1)-, the, the 2) a, a, - 3) -, a, the 4) -, the, a
2.She was not quite certain that ___ Edward who wrote now was not ___ same Edward she had known, with whom she enjoyed walking along ___ Strand, ___ Charing Cross... 1) the, the, the, the, 2) -, the, -, the 3) -, the, the, - 4) -, -, -, -
3. I was too sleepy to read much ___ German in ___ evening and soon after ___ supper I’d take myself off to our bedroom and fall into ___ bed. 1) -, the, -,-, 2) -, -, the, - 3) -, the, the, the 4) -, the, the, -
4.What ___ book, he exclaimed having ___ look at what ___ book I was reading. 1) a, the, - 2) -, a, a, 3) a, a, - 4) -, the, -
5. Though it was a fashionable party and the walls were decorated with ____ and ____, the majority of guests ____ casually dressed in jeans and T-shirts. 1) lilies-of-the-valley, forget-me-nots, were 2) lily-of –the valleys, forget-me-nots, were 3) lilies-of-the-valley, forgets-me-not, was 4) lilies-of-the-valleys, forgets-me-nots, was
6.In ___ West Indies and ___ Argentine Republic there are also vast cotton-growing districts as well as in ___ Easten Africa and ___ Egypt. 1) the, -, the, - 2) the, the, -,-, 3) the, -,-, - 4) -, -, the, -
7.Aged nineteen he made a tour with his parents and ___ Lennons around ___ Switzerland, visiting ___ Brussels, admiring ___ Rhine. 1) the, -, -, the 2) -, -, -, the 3)-, the,-, the 4) the, the, -, the
8.They liked ___ capital, ___ Hague, they enjoyed meeting ___ Dutch, they fell in love with ___ Neitherlands. 1) the, -, the, -, 2) the, -,the, the 3) the, the, the, the 4) the, -, -, -
9.Stella lived in ___ London where she worked for ___ National Gallery, in ___ Trafalgar Square with its famous ___ Nelson Column. 1)-, the, the, the 2) -, the, -, -, 3) -, the, -, the 4) -, -, the, the
10.___Prime Minister will visit ___ Singapore and ___ Malaysia and then go on to ___ Philippines, where he will make a speech about the environment. 1) the, -, -, the 2) the, -, the, the 3) -, the, the, the 4) -, -, -, -
11.___ King Juan Carlos of ___ Spain was met by ___ Queen and drove to ___ Buckingham Palace. 1) The, -, -, the 2)-, -, the, the 3) -, -, the, - 4) the, -, the, -
12.___ problem of ___ unemployed and ___ ways of helping them are being discussed in ___ United Nations now. 1)the, -, the, - 2) the, the, the, the 3) the, -, the, the 4) the, -, -, -
13.___ Goby, famous for being a vast burial ground of dinosaurs is situated on the borders of ___ former Soviet Union, ___ Mongolia and ___ China. 1) the, -, -, - 2) -, the, -, -, 3) the, the -, - 4) -, -, -, -
14.There ______ enough ___ to suggest that job stress may increase _____ a man’s risk of dying from ______ disease. 1) are, evidences, hearts 2) is, evidence, heart 3) is, evidence, heart’s 4) are, evidences, heart
15. He emphasized that those means of getting information ______ absolutely indecent. 1) is 2) are 3) was 4) were
16. We live today in what is called the _______, and the availability of information will accelerate. 1) Information’s Age 2) Information Age 3) Informational Age 4) Informative Age
17. These pliers ______ too big and this pair of scissors ______ absolutely dull. 1) are, is 2) are, are 3) is, is 4) is, are
18. He is fond of having some _____ with marmalade for breakfast, ____ should be crisp and hot. 1) toasts, they 2) toast, it 3) toasts, its 4) toast, they
19. When I came into ______ cottage, the family ____ sitting round the table reading something funny. 1) the Holley’s, were 2) Holleys, was 3) the Holleys’, were 4) Holleys’s, was
20. He conducted a lot of _____ into _____ but ______ a failure. 1) researches, hay fevers, they were 2) research, hay fevers, they were 3) research, hay fever, it was 4) research, hay fever, it was
ТЕМА 4
Grammar: The Noun. The Article. Vocabulary: Sports. Keeping fit. Содержание темы
1. Regular plurals 2. Irregular plurals. 2.1. Greek and Latin Nouns. 2.2. Group nouns. 2.3. Countable. Uncountable Nouns. 2.4. Compaund Nouns. Possessive case. 4. Rules for Subject. 5. Use of a/an 6. Use of the. 7. Geographical names.
Рекомендуемая литература
English Grammat in Use, Raymond Murphy, Cambridge University Press, 1997 (pp 136-160)
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