Суб'єктний інфінітивний комплекс (The Subjective Infinitive Complex)

 

Займенник або іменник у загальному відмінку

дієслово

інфінітив

 

Суб'єктний інфінітивний комплекс вживається після:
дієслів в активному стані	дієслів в пасивному стані	словосполучень
to seem, to appear -здаватися	to say - говорити	to be sure
to happen, to chance - траплятися	to report - повідомляти	to be certain
to turn out, to prove - виявлятися	to think - думати	to be likely
	to know - знати	to be unlikely
	to consider - вважати
	to believe - вірити
	to suppose - припускати
	to expect - сподіватися
	to order - наказувати

	to ask, to request - просити
	to allow, to permit -дозволяти
	to make, to cause, to force - примушувати
	to see, to hear, to feel, to notice, to observe, to watch

Зразки перекладу суб'єктного інфінітивного комплексу:

1. Не seems to have made suicide attempts. Здається, він вже вчиняв спроби самогубства.

2. The perpetrator is known to enter the house through the window. Відомо, що злочинець проник у будинок через вікно.

3. The investigator is certain to submit all evidence seized to a crime
laboratory.

Слідчий, напевно, передасть усі вилучені докази до криміналіс­тичної лабораторії.

1. Read and translate these sentences into Ukrainian. Pay attention
to the use of the Objective Infinitive Complex.

1.1 notice him remove the revolver from the desk drawer.

2. The owner permitted the search to be made in his house.

3. We saw the wound have a grey ring around it.

4. The man was picked on by a group of boys who wanted his pocket money to buy drugs.

5. They consider the crime to have been committed under the influence of alcohol.

2. Transform these sentences according to the models and
translate them.

A Model

They saw the burglar as he opened the apartment. They saw the burglar open the apartment. 1. We noticed the stranger as he climbed over the fence. 2.The witness saw the offender as he drove away from the crime scene at a high rate of speed.

3. I watched the man as, he took a bar of chocolate from the shop
without paying for it.

b Model

They expect that the investigator will establish the rapport with the person to be questioned.

They expect the investigator to establish the rapport with the person to be questioned.

1.1 expect that the witnesses will be interviewed at their homes.

2. We expect that the interrogator will obtain a full description of the crime scene and the surrounding area.

3. They expect that the burglars will be detected and arrested.

с Model

The investigator thinks that the victim is frightened. The investigator thinks the victim to be frightened.

1. We believe that she is innocent.

2. They know that he is engaged in the crime.

3. The medical examiner believes that the wound is a gunshot entrance wound.

Read and translate these sentences into Ukrainian. Pay attention to the use of the Subjective Infinitive Complex.

1. One of the main features of terrorism is believed to be the existence
of innocent victims and damage to material objects.

2. The perpetrators are likely to be armed with either knives or handguns.

3. Valuable evidence was reported to have been discovered during the search of the suspect's vehicle.

4. The stolen horses are certain to be sold for profit.

5. Drug addicts are known to commit a large proportion of the crimes against property.

Transform these sentences according to the models and translate them.

A. Model

It is known that he is an experienced investigator. He is known to be an experienced investigator.

1. It is said that the victim has sustained a serious injury.

2. It was reported that the offender had been arrested.

3. It is considered that circumstantial evidence is legal because not all
crimes may have an eyewitness.

B Model

It is sure that the investigator will establish evidence of guilt.

The investigator is sure to establish evidence of guilt.

1. It is likely that his conduct will cause prohibited consequences.

2.It is certain that the suspect's fingerprints will be compared with those found at the crime scene.

3.1t is unlikely that the initail photography will have been done before the rain.

с Model

The investigator has submitted all evidence seized to a crime laboratory for analysis, (to seem)

The investigator seems to have submitted all evidence seized to a crime laboratory for analysis.

1. He kills people only in order to get their money.(to turn out)

2. The burglar entered the house through its back door.(to appear)

3. She has once been arrested for taking drugs.(to happen)

Transform these sentences using the Subjective Infinitive Complex instead of the Objective Infinitive Complex.

Model

We believe the investigator to have reached the main goal of the interview.

The investestigator is believed to have reached the main goal of the interview.

1. Everybody considered her to be guilty.

2. We expect the arrested person to be taken to the police station.

3. The sergeant saw the guy throw a brick to a referee during the football match.

4.1 know my neighbor to be involved in drug trafficking. 5. They suppose the landlord to have burnt down his own problem building for the purpose to collect insurance.

КОНТРОЛЬНІ РОБОТИ

Variant I.

1. Translate the text into Ukrainian in writing:

Homicide

Police officials and members of the public often use the terms homicide and murder interchangeably. In fact, murder is only a part of the broad category of homicide, and homicide, defined as killing of human being by another human being, is divided into two broad classifications of homicides: nonfelonious homicides and felonious homisides.

Nonfelonious homicides may be justifiable or excusable. Justifiable homicide is the necessary killing of another person in perfomance of a legal duty or the exercise of the legal right when the slayer was not at fault. Excusable homicides are those committed during the act of self-defence or in nonnegligent accidents.

Felonious homicides are treated and punished as crimes and typically fall into two categories: muj-der and manslaughter. Murder is defined by common law as the killing of any human being by another with malice aforethought. Manslaughter is a criminal homicide committed under circumstances not severe enough to constitute murder, yet it cannot be classified as either justifiable or excusable homicide.

The identification of a criminal's motives has both legal and
investigative implications. " By identifying thejpotive of a crime,
investigators can begin to focus investigative efforts in a specific direction.
If a motive_cannot be identified, the range of possible suspects is broad
and therefore the investigation is more difficult. Murders tend to fall into
eight general categories: spontaneous, profit, felony, jealousy, sex, revenge,
elimination and political.

Jealousy murders, for instance, have a high clearance rate, because the assailant in primarily concerned with injuring or killing the person on whom his or her emotions have become fixed, rather than with escaping apprehension. The murderer is often a rejected spouse or lover and the victim may be either the person who Jias done the rejecting or some third party involved in a lovers' triangle, Jealousy murders are sometimes followed by the suicide of the perpetrator.

2. Are the statements true or false? Correct the false statements.
(Use Text I)

1. The terms homicide and murder may replace each other.

2. Nonfelonious homicides are devided into two categories: murder and manslaughter.

3. Jealousy murders are generally committed by a rejected spouse or
lover.