Transform these sentences according to the models and translate them into Ukrainian.

a. Model:

A parent who was crossing the road opposite the school was pushed over by a reversing car.

A parent crossing the road opposite the school was pushed over by a reversing car.

1. An officer who is searching any premises under warrant or with the
consent of the occupier may seize anything covered by a warrant.

2. Laboratories which produce purely synthetic drugs have been
discovered in Germany, the Netherlands, and Eastern Europe.

3. The driver who was violating a speed law came to the police officer's
attention.

 

 

b. Model:

After the sergeant and constable had gathered evidence they left the crime scene.

Having gathered the evidence the sergeant and constable left the crime scene.

 

1. After the officer had searched the premises he made a record of the search.

2. After the warrant had been executed it was returned to the clerk of the justices.

3. After the investigator had separated the witnesses to the offence, he interviewed them individually.

c. Model:

Cars that are taken for joy riding are usually recovered within a few hours or days.

Cars taken for joy riding are usually recovered within a few hours or days.

1. The defendant's fingerprints were detected on a knife that was found at the scene of a homicide.

2. Anyone who is charged with a criminal offence may apply for criminal legal aid.

3. All physical evidence should be personally examined by the officer who was assigned to the follow-up investigation.

UNIT 2

Text: Investigation of Crimes. Grammar: The Infinitive.

Part I.

Read the text.

Investigation of Crimes

Investigation is the process through which an investigator gathers, documents and evaluates facts about a crime/ It includes preliminary and latent investigation. The actions taken at the scene immediately after the crime is detected or reported constitute the preliminary phase of investigation.

On arriving at the scene the investigator must make a determination whether a crime was committed, and if so, what the specific type of offence was. In those instances where the victim or suspect has sustained a serious injury there should be an immediate request for medical services. The investigator must also preserve the integrity of the crime scene to ensure that evidence is not lost, destroyed or altered in such a manner as to eliminate its value in court.

Certain immediate actions are necessary when witnesses to the offence exist and the perpetrator has escaped arrest at the scene. The witnesses should be separated to avoid a discussion of their perception of the event being investigated. Each must then be individually interviewed to obtain independent information concerning the description of the suspect and any vehicle involved. If the suspect had fled the scene, hot and warm searches are conducted by the police units. A hot search is an examination of the immediate vicinity of the crime scene when the perpetrator is known to be there. A warm search is a check of a general area beyond the immediate vicinity of the crime scene when it is believed the perpetrator may still be there.

The case must be documented and evidence gathered. This requires interviews of witnesses and the complainant along with the collection, marking and preservation of evidence. Additional tasks include photographing the scene and preparing a crime scene sketch. The investigator must search for evidence not only at the immediate scene of the crime but also along the perpetrator's lines of approach and flight from the scene. Usually, the suspect will approach the scene with care, but in haste to flee the scene, he may drop something which will be of significant evidentiary value.

An offence report must be prepared which includes the facts known to the investigator, all actions taken and the listing of all items of evidence seized.

All evidence seized must be transmitted to the police station, where it will be stored in the central depository to which access is limited in order to ensure the integrity of materials. The offence report is immediately referred to the police unit responsible for the latent investigation.

Active vocabulary:

access, approach (n, v), to avoid, to commit, complainant, to constitute, to detect, to evaluate, to ensure, evidence, flight, to gather, injury, integrity, item, to investigate, investigator, investigation, latent, line, list(ing), perpetrator, preliminary, to prepare, to preserve, report, to require, search(n,v) to seize, suspect (n, v), value, vehicle, victim, witness.

Answer the questions.

1. What is investigation?

2. What phases does it include?

3. What is meant by the preliminary investigation?

4. Why must the investigator preserve the integrity of the crime scene?

5. What is the difference between a hot and warm search?

6. Why must the investigator examine thoroughly the immediate scene of the crime and the perpetrator's lines of approach and flight from the scene?

7. What does an offence report include?

8. Where is the offence report referred to?

Are the sentences true or false? Correct the false sentences.

1. Investigation may be defined as the police effort to collect, document and evaluate facts about the crime.

2. There are three phases of investigation.

3. If the suspect has sustained a serious injury medical services should be called.

 

4. The investigator must establish for sure that the crime was committed.

5. There is no need to separate the witnesses and interview them individually if the perpetrator has escaped arrest at the scene.

6. The investigator must search for evidence along the perpetrator's lines of approach and flight from the scene.

7. Ordinarily the perpetrator approaches and flees the scene with care so he cannot drop anything which is of evidentiary value.

8. All evidence seized is transmitted to the police station where it is stored in the central depository.

Match a line in A with line in B.

 

1) an immediate request for medical services	а) забезпечити недоторканість матеріалів
2) to commit a crime	b) уникнути затримання на місці скоєння злочину
3) to escape arrest at the scene	с) мати важливе доказове значення
4) to gather evidence	d) перелік усіх вилучених предметів доказу
5) to prepare a crime scene sketch	є) обережно наближатися до місця скоєння злочину
6) to approach the scene with care	f) вчинити злочин
7) to be of significant evidentionary value	g) негайне викликання медичної служби
8) the listing of the items of evidence seized	h) збирати докази
9) to ensure the integrity of materials	і) складати схему місця скоєння злочину

Find English equivalents for the following (See Text I).

a) попереднє та скрите розслідування;

b) зазнати серйозних тілесних ушкоджень;

c) певні невідкладні дії;

d) зберігати недоторканим місце скоєння злочину; є) уникати обговорення;

 

f) обережно наближатися до місця скоєння злочину;

g) поспіх тікати з місця скоєння злочину; h) опитування свідків та потерпілого;

і) опис підозрюваної особи та залученого транспортного засобу.

Translate the words in brackets into English.

1. (Розслідування) includes (попередній) and (скритий) phases.

2. The main (мета) of a criminal investigation is to establish (докази) of guilt against a person who has (вчинила) an offence.

3. It is the responsibility of the (слідчого) to (зібрати) mark and (збе­регти) evidence.

4. All measures were taken to (забезпечити) the (недоторканість) of the evidence.

5. All evidence (вилучені) was stored in the (склад) to which (доступ) is limited.

6. The investigator must search the (шляхи) of (підходу) and (втечі) from the scene in order to find something which is of evidentiary (цін­ність).

7. In the detailed interview the investigator must (отримати) sufficient details concerning the (підозрюваної особи) and any (транспортного за­собу) involved.

8. An offence (звіт) must include all facts known and all actions taken and the (перелік) of all (предметів) of evidence seized.

9. In the course of investigation a crime scene (схема) must be (підго­товлена).