Topic: Study of adequacy and balance of nutrition. Methods of evaluation of the organism nutritional status and adequacy of its provision with vitamins.

 

Author: Krystyna Zaytseva, Lecturer / Teacher of Hygiene and Ecology Department

 

The 1^st level tests

 

1. The main kinds of human nutritional status are all following kinds, but with exception of:

A. * Unusual

B. Usual

C. Optimum

D. Excessive

E. Insufficient

2. Usual nutritional status of men is:

A.* a result of normal food provision of the organism (which satisfying all requirements to rational nutrition) in usual conditions

B. a result of usual food provision of the organism (which satisfying all requirements to rational nutrition) in usual conditions

C.is a result of normal food provision of the organism according to the special food norms, which take into account a possibility of influences of extreme and stressful conditions on the organism (for ex., unusual work conditions)

D. is a result of significant excess (qualitative and quantitative) of provision with food substances

E.is a result of significant deficit (qualitative and quantitative) of provision with food substances

3. Optimum nutritional status of men is:

A. * is a result of normal food provision of the organism according to the special food norms, which take into account possibility of influences of extreme and stressful conditions on the organism (for ex., unusual work conditions)

B.is a result of normal food provision of the organism according to the special food norms, which take into account possibility of influences of optimum conditions on the organism (for ex., optimum work conditions)

C. is a result of normal food provision of the organism (which satisfying all requirements to rational nutrition) in usual conditions

D.is a result of significant excess (qualitative and quantitative) of provision with food substances.

E.is a result of significant deficit (qualitative and quantitative) of provision with food substances

4. Excessive nutritional status of men is:

A.* is a result of significant excess (qualitative and quantitative) of provision with food substances

B.is a result of non-significant excess (qualitative and quantitative) of provision with food substances

C. is a result of normal food provision of the organism (which satisfying all requirements to rational nutrition) in usual conditions

D. is a result of normal food provision of the organism according to the special food norms, which take into account possibility of influences of extreme and stressful conditions on the organism (for ex., unusual work conditions)

E. is a result of significant deficit (qualitative and quantitative) of provision with food substances

5. Insufficient nutritional status of men is:

A.* is a result of significant deficit (qualitative and quantitative) of provision with food substances

B.is a result of non-significant deficit (qualitative and quantitative) of provision with food substances

C.is a result of significant excess (qualitative and quantitative) of provision with food substances

D. is a result of normal food provision of the organism (which satisfying all requirements to rational nutrition) in usual conditions

E. is a result of normal food provision of the organism according to the special food norms, which take into account possibility of influences of extreme and stressful conditions on the organism (for ex., unusual work conditions)

The 2^nd level tests

6. The basic criteria of energetic adequacy of nutrition are:

A.* body weight (body mass), Weight / Height Index(s), thickness of skin fat fold

B. body weight (body mass), Weight / Height Index(s), thickness of skin fat fold, result of tests on capillary resistance

C. body weight (body mass), Weight / Height Index(s), thickness of skin fat fold, vitamin C concentration in urine

D. body weight (body mass), Weight / Height Index(s), thickness of skin fat fold, presence / absence of partial vitamin insufficiency signs

E result of tests on capillary resistance, vitamin C concentration in urine, presence / absence of partial vitamin insufficiency signs

 

7. The Basic criteria of vitamin adequacy of nutrition:

A. * result of tests on capillary resistance, vitamin C concentration in urine, presence / absence of partial vitamin insufficiency signs

B. body weight (body mass), Weight / Height Index(s), thickness of skin fat fold

C. result of tests on capillary resistance, vitamin C concentration in urine, presence / absence of partial vitamin insufficiency signs, body weight

D.result of tests on capillary resistance, vitamin C concentration in urine, presence / absence of partial vitamin insufficiency signs, Weight / Height Index(s)

E. result of tests on capillary resistance, vitamin C concentration in urine, presence / absence of partial vitamin insufficiency signs, thickness of skin fat fold

8. The diagnostic criterion of obesity (adiposity) in case of using of Table of maximal permissible body weight – is such increasing of body weight:

A. * 10% increasing and higher

B. 15% increasing and higher

C. 20% increasing and higher

D. 25% increasing and higher

E. 5% increasing and higher

 

9. The diagnostic criterion of obesity (adiposity) in case of using of Table of standard (normal) body weight – is an increasing of body weight:

A. * 15% and higher

B. 20% and higher

C. 25% and higher

D. 30% and higher

E. 35% and higher

 

 

10. Follicular hyperkeratosis as a pathognomonic sign of vitamin C insufficiency is:

A. * cyanotic hyperkeratosis (= “blue” hyperkeratosis)

B. “red” hyperkeratosis

C. “yellow” hyperkeratosis

D. “rose” hyperkeratosis

E. “grey” hyperkeratosis

 

11. Follicular hyperkeratosis as a pathognomonic sign of vitamin A insufficiency is:

A. * “grey” hyperkeratosis

B. cyanotic hyperkeratosis (= “blue” hyperkeratosis)

C. “red” hyperkeratosis

D. “yellow” hyperkeratosis

E. “rose” hyperkeratosis

 

12. Dry skin is a pathognomonic sign of insufficiency of vitamin:

A. * A

B. C

C. PP

D. F

E. B₁

 

13. Cilliar injection (injection of conjunctival vessels and pericorneal violet line) is a possible (but non-obligate) symptom of deficit of vitamin:

A.* В₂

B. PP

C. A

D. C

E. F

 

14. Hypertrophy of tongue nipples is a result of deficit of vitamin:

A.* group B

B. A

C. PP

D. F

E. C

 

15. Tongue test with the Tilmans reagent was designed for revelation of insufficiency of vitamin:

A. * C

B. A

C. PP

D. F

E. B-vitamins

 

16. At the revelation of Vitamin C insufficiency by the Tongue test with the Tilmans reagent a positive result (C-Hypovitaminosis) should be stated if time of drop disappearance will be:

A. * less than 20 seconds

B. more than 20 seconds

C. more than 21 seconds

D. more than 22 seconds

E. more than 23 seconds

 

17. The principle of revelation of Vitamin C insufficiency by the Tongue test with the Tilmans reagent consists in:

A. * - faster (than normal) absorption of reagent drop due to increased vessel porosity (a pathognomonic sign of C-hypovitaminosis)

B. pretty slow (in comparison with normal) absorption of reagent drop due to decreased vessel porosity (a pathognomonic sign of C-hypovitaminosis)

C. faster (than normal) absorption of reagent drop due to increased vessel porosity (a pathognomonic sign of PP-hypovitaminosis)

C. pretty slow (in comparison with normal) absorption of reagent drop due to decreased vessel porosity (a pathognomonic sign of PP-hypovitaminosis)

D. faster (than normal) absorption of reagent drop due to increased vessel porosity (a pathognomonic sign of A-hypovitaminosis)

E. pretty slow (in comparison with normal) absorption of reagent drop due to decreased vessel porosity (a pathognomonic sign of B₁-hypovitaminosis)

 

18. At the determination of capillary resistance by Matusis’s (Nesterov’s) appliance (vacuum mercury manometer connected with sucker) negative result (which proves that C-hypovitaminosis is absent) should be stated in case of:

A. * up to 5 point bleedings (petechia)

B. up to 3 point bleedings (petechia)

C. up to 10 point bleedings (petechia)

D. up to 15 point bleedings (petechia)

E. up to 20 point bleedings (petechia)

 

19. Appliance for time of adaptation to darkness determination is:

A. * adaptometer

B. microscope

C. anomaloscope

D. The Sivkoff Tables

E. The Snellen Text

 

20. Normal time of adaptation to darkness at the using of Kravkoff-Vishnevsky adaptometer must be:

A.* no more than 55 sec.

B. no more than 60 sec.

C. no more than 70 sec.

D. no more than 75 sec.

E. no more than 80 sec.

 

The 3^rd level tests

№ з/п 4 № з/п у БД2973

Matusis` Device is used for estimation of providing of an organism with:

A. * Vitamin C

B. Vitamin B 1

C. Vitamin B 6

D. Vitamin B 12

E. Vitamin A

 

№ з/п 84 № з/п у БД3299

Patient С., 15 year old, consulted his physician with complaints of the night blindness. Objectively: rised

darkness adaptation time, Bitot’s spots on conjuctive. Patient’s skin is dry, desquamatous, folliculitis signs of the face skin. What foods do you consider should he eat to prevent this disease?

A. *butter and carrots

B. lard and garlic

C. sunflower oil and cabbage

D. margarine and potato

E. cocoas milk and pine apples

№ з/п 92 № з/п у БД3307

Soldier Р,. 19 year old, was brought to the military hospital with complaints on fatigability, gum bleeding. Objectively: dryness and paleness of the skin, acrocyanosis. Interdental spaces of the gums edematous, gums are loosened, cyanotic. Folliculitis signs. Vitamin С excretion with urine: 0,27 mg/hour. Estimate vitamin C supply of the soldier organism and specify its standards for ascorbic acid excretion with urine

A. *low (norm: 0,7-1,0 mg/h.)

B. low (norm: 2,0-3,0 mg/h.)

C. low (norm: 1,0-1,5 mg/h)

D. high (norm: 0,1-0,2 mg/h.)

E. normal (norm: 0,2-0,6 мg/h.)

 

№ з/п 93 № з/п у БД3308

Family physician advised for patient to rise vitamin C and calcium supply of the organism by drinking milk and eating sorrel. What mistake has he done?

A. *calcium is not absorbed in the presence of oxalic acid

B. sorrel is poor in vitamin C

C. milk does not content calcium

D. these foods are allergenic

E. alimentary correction hasn’t any advantages in comparison with

pharmacological one

 

№ з/п 94 № з/п у БД3309

The daily diet of a porter contains 110 g of protein (including 61 g of animal origin), 120 g of fat, 400 g of carbohydrates. His losses of energy are about 4000 kcal per day. What ways to optimize his nutrition could you advise?

A. *increase carbohydrates content

B. increase quantity of animal protein in the diet

C. increase quantity of vegetable protein

D. increase fat content

E. decrease quantity of animal protein