Look at the picture and discuss with a partner: What are the main parts of the human body? Where are the main organs of the human body located?

7. Match the name of the inner organ with its description:

1. The heart 2. The lungs 3. The liver 4. The stomach 5. The gallbladder 6. The intestines 7. The bladder 8. The kidneys

A. … occupy the central portions of the abdominal cavity. From the stomach the food passes into the small intestines where it undergoes further mechanical and chemical changes. B. … is an inner hollow muscular organ placed within the chest and included in the pericardium. It consists of two separate parts divided by the septum. Each of them has two chambers: the atrium and the ventricle. The human heart contracts from the first moment of life until the last one. The contractions of the heart pump the blood through the arteries to all parts of the body. C. … is a hollow sac lying on the lower surface of the liver. It serves as a bile reservoir. D. … is a reservoir for urine. It is situated in the cavity of the pelvis. Some waste materials are carried to the bladder and excreted as urine. E. … are the main organs of the respiratory system. There are two lungs in the human body located in the lateral cavities of the chest. They are conical in shape. F. … is the largest gland in the human body. It is in the right upper part of the abdominal cavity under the diaphragm. It has a defensive function. It secretes bile which participates in the digestive process. G. … are a pair of organs which are situated close to the spine in the upper part of the abdominal cavity. They serve as filters through which the blood passes and which remove from the blood urea together with other impurities. H. … is a dilated portion of the alimentary canal. It is in the upper part of the abdomen under the diaphragm. It serves as a container of food, which is partly digested in it.

8. a) Find the English equivalents in the text:

Центральная часть, тонкий кишечник, полый орган, сокращения, заключенный в перикард, через артерии, нижняя поверхность, вредные вещества, коническая форма, пищеварительный процесс, защитная функция, близко к позвоночнику, удалять, примеси, расширенная часть, служить в качестве фильтров.

b) Give the Russian equivalents for these words from the text:

Mechanical and chemical changes, muscular organ, separate parts, chambers, septum, atrium, ventricle, pump the blood, a reservoir for urine, cavity of the pelvis, the lateral cavities, the largest gland, under the diaphragm, secretes bile, urea, the alimentary canal, partly digested.

9. Answer the questions:

1. What is the heart?

2. What does the heart consist of?

3. What do you know about the respiratory system?

4. What are the main organs of the alimentary tract?

5. What is the largest gland in the human body?

6. Where is the stomach located?

7. What is the gallbladder?

8. What occupies the central portions of the abdominal cavity?

9. What function do the kidneys perform?

10. Which organ serves as a reservoir for urine?

 

10. a) Match the inner organs to the systems of the human body (use a dictionary if necessary):

the lungs	the nervous system the digestive system the respiratory system the urogenital/genitourinary system the endocrine system the lymphatic system the musculoskeletal system the cardiovascular system
the kidneys
the gallbladder and bile ducts
the heart and blood vessels
the liver
the bladder and ureters
the intestines
the stomach
the thyroid (gland)
muscles and bones
lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes
the pancreas
the brain and nerves

 

b) Match two columns – the nouns to the corresponding adjectives (use a dictionary if necessary):

heart	renal
liver	urinary
gland	muscular
lung	bony
vessel	biliary
abdomen	cardiac
kidney	gastric
muscle	nervous
cell	pulmonary
stomach	glandular
urine	vascular
nerve	hepatic
bile	cellular
bone	abdominal

11. Look at the picture and write the names of the inner organs:

 

12. Work in pairs. Speak about three main inner organs of the human body.

Part 2. Health Care

1. Read the text and do the given tasks:

Health Care in Russia

Polyclinics

Our country has established a wide network of medical institutions to protect the health of people. One of such medical institutions is the polyclinic.

If a person falls ill he will ring up his local polyclinic and call in a doctor. When his condition isn't very poor and he has no high temperature he will go to the local polyclinic and a physician will examine him there.

A lot of specialists including therapeutists, neurologists, surgeons and others work at the polyclinic. During the medical examination a physician usually asks the patient what he complains of and according to the complaints carries on the medical examination. The physician listens to the patient's heart and lungs and measures his blood pressure and if necessary asks the patient to take the temperature. The laboratory findings which include blood analysis, the analysis of urine (urinalysis) and other tests help the physician to make a correct diagnosis and administer a proper treatment.

In addition to their consulting hours at the polyclinic local physicians go out to the calls to examine those patients who are seriously ill and whose condition is bad. Such sick people receive a sick-leave. They usually follow a bed regimen.

Any physician of the polyclinic knows his patients very well because he treats only a definite number of patients. At the local polyclinic every patient has a personal patient's card which is filled in by the doctors. Everything about the patient – the diagnosis of the disease, the administrations made by the doctor, the course of the disease, the changes in the patient's condition after the treatment are written down in the card.

If it is necessary a nurse will come to the patient's house to give him the administered injections or carry out any of the doctor's administrations.

 

a) Find the English equivalents in the text:

Медицинские учреждения, заболеть, состояние, врач-терапевт, обследовать, невролог, хирург, жаловаться, слушать сердце и легкие больного, измерить температуру, анализ крови, поставить правильный диагноз, часы приема, серьезно болен, соблюдать постельный режим, диагноз заболевания, лечение, выполнять назначения врача.

 

b) Give the Russian equivalents:

to protect the health of people, call in a doctor, high temperature, therapeutists, the medical examination, complaints, measure blood pressure, the analysis of urine (urinalysis), administer a proper treatment, go out to the calls, receive a sick-leave, patient's card, the changes in the patient's condition, to give the administered injections.

 

2. Read the text and do the given tasks: