Read the text and answer the questions that follow.

Words are classified into eight parts of speech: the verb, the noun, the pronoun, the adjective, the adverb, the preposition, the conjunction, and the interjection. Each part of speech explains not what the word is, but how the word is used.

A verb or compound verb tells something about the subject of the sentence and describes actions, events, experience or state. Verbs can be auxiliary, modal, phrasal, regular / irregular.

An auxiliary verb is a verb that is used with another verb to show its tense, person etc. In English these are be, do and have.

A modal verb is a verb that is used with other verbs to express ideas such as possibility, permission or intension. In English, these verbs are can / could, may / might, shall / should, will / would, must, ought to, used to, need.

A phrasal verb is a group of words that is used like a verb and consists of a verb with an adverb or a preposition after it, e. g. - set off or look after.

A regular / irregular verb – following a regular pattern, or not following one (e. g. -regular: control – controlled – controlled; irregular: fly – flew – flown).

A noun is a word used to name a person, animal, place, thing, and abstract idea. You can make it plural or singular (e. g. plane – planes, man – men); you can make it possessive (e. g. - my father’s car); it can follow a prepositional phrase such as to the airpot, with the friend, etc.; you can use articles (a, an, or the) in front of it.

A pronoun can replace a noun or another pronoun. You use pronouns to make your sentences less repetitive. It can be used in place of a noun or a noun phrase.

An adjective describes a noun or a pronoun by describing, identifying, or quantifying words. An adjective usually precedes the noun or the pronoun which it modifies (e.g. - a determined person).

An adverb can modify a verb, an adjective etc. An adverb indicates manner, time, place, cause, or degree. (e. g. - run fast, read slowly)

A preposition links nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in a sentence. A preposition usually indicates the temporal, spatial or logical relationship of its object to the rest of the sentence. It only occurs in prepositional phrases (e.g. at the airport).

You can use a conjunction to link words, phrases, and clauses. It usually serves as a connector between words, phrases or clauses (e.g. and, but).

An interjection / exlamation is a word added to a sentence to express emotion. It is not grammatically related to any other part of the sentence (e.g. Wow! Oh!).

To make meaningful sentences words need to be arranged in a particular order. The following is the usual order of words in an English sentence:

(Adverbial Modifier) + Subject + Predicate + Object + Adverbial Modifier

                                                                        Indirect Direct

                                                                      (whom?) (what?)

2. In pairs / groups discuss the following questions:

1. What parts of speech did you come to know?

2. What does each part of speech explain?

3. What is the purpose of each part of speech?

4. What are the ways of distinguishing them from each other?

5. What is the word order of an English sentence?